高考英语专题讲座短文改错_免费下载

2013高考英语专题讲座,短文改错解题方略,Contents,高考短文改错应试策略及答题原则,高考短文改错命题特征及命题趋势,短文改错典型错词类型分析归纳,2012年高考短文改错真题实战演练, 考情分析,【考纲解读】新课标全国卷考试大纲说明明确指出：语言的准确性是写作中不可忽视的一个重要方面，因为它直接或间接地影响到信息的准确传输。应用语法结构和词汇的准确程度是写作部分评分标准的一项重要内容。高考短文改错主要考查考生在语篇中综合运用英语知识的准确性，考查考生的词、句、篇和语法的综合水平。高考短文改错题设置的考点灵活多变，知识层次多。,考情分析,短文中所设的错误大部分都是所谓的“语法”错误, 但是这种试题并不是单纯检测语法知识的,而是检测考生的写作能力中的校验能力。,试题的立意特征,高考短文改错命题特征及命题趋势,试题的命题趋势,高考短文改错命题特征及命题趋势,1选材 短文改错的文体多为第一/三人称记叙文、应用文(以书信为主)。一般在110词左右。所选取的语言材料贴近实际生活，多为考生所熟知，且话题贴近学生，有的带点幽默，有的包含教育意义。文字浅显易懂，材料中没有生僻、超纲的词汇；句子结构简单，基本上是简单句和并不复杂的复合句；语言地道，符合英语语言习惯。,2设置特点试题的设置特点主要是指考点的分布状况。短文改错所考查的词类覆盖面广，分布合理。其重点是从句法、词法和行文逻辑等三个角度考查考生在语篇中综合运用英语的能力，同时兼顾句型结构、习惯搭配等。有错词、多词、缺词和纠错等四种可能。错词现象主要出现在名词单复数、动词时态、非谓语动词、连词、介词、主谓一致、代词、词形(指应该用动词、名词还是形容词形式，以及平行结构中词的正确形式)、冠词等方面； 缺词现象主要出现在冠词(名词前)., 考情分析,介词(不及物动词后或固定结构中)、助动词、不定式符号to、连词、语义不完整现象等方面； 多词现象主要出现在冠词、介词、助动词、连词、语义重复及行文逻辑等方面。3难度特点短文改错试题的难度近年来继续保持平稳，以考查学生书面表达中的常见错误为主，以动词、名词的考查居多，知识覆盖面广。短文改错的句子长度也趋于平稳，但几乎每篇都有一个长达20多个词的句子。, 考情分析,【命题透视】, 考情分析, 命题分析,2009/2010年新课标区短文改错透析, 命题分析,本题满分10分，给出一篇约100个单词的短文，文中有10处错误，要求考生对每个句子进行判断，如有错误即将其改正。错误类型包括词法、句法、行文逻辑等方面的错误。,注意答题说明及答题规范,Introduction,文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加 （1-2个） 在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写上该加的词。 删除 （1-2个） 把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。不计分。修改 （6-8个） 在错的词下面划一横线，并在该词下面写上修改后的词。注意：1、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。 2、只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。,注意答题说明及答题规范,纵观近年高考英语短文改错题，学生和老师都认为难度不大，然而，每年高考中还是有不少考生对此题深感头痛，主要原因是：考生的英语基础知识不扎实.考生缺乏对短文改错命题 特点的了解和做题规律方法的总结.,Problems,高考短文改错命题规律,动词形，名词数 还要注意形和副 非谓语，细辨别 介词短语要牢记,A Limerick（五行打油诗）,代词格，细领悟 句子成分多分析 冠词连词常光顾 逻辑错误须关注,谓语动词的错误是历年考试的重点和热点 常见动词错误类型有 一般现在时与一般过去时错用； 主动语态和被动语态错用。 主谓不一致; and 以及其它连词前后动词时态不一致; 动词的搭配或运用。（后面多为介词或副词）,动词形,短文改错典型错词类型分析归纳,【2010四川卷】And after many attempts, she past her driving test and told her husband that【2010四川卷】An English lady was finally decided that she really should learn to drive .【2010重庆卷】After hearing your sad stories, he will say some words that is nice and warm. .,passed,are,【2010陕西】 It was turned out to be her own cup.【2011陕西】 . by the time I got back, they have finished the scene and .【2011浙江】 She knows what had happened, but she thanked me .,had,knew,【2011全国卷1 】However, my father had to return to work on Monday so we fly back last Saturday afternoon. 【2011辽宁】 In early January this year, the rate of UFO reports were steady.,flew,was,【2011全国卷I】I hold my lunch-box in my hand when I was going to school. The smell from it was very good 【2011重庆卷】 Katia, like many other Russian girls, are nice and lively.,held,is,【2012重庆】When I was a child, you always held me in your arms and told me stories till I fall asleep. Now my friend Ann, together with me, are going to do field study and the findings will be use as materials for our research.I became interested in biology and chose to learn biology when I entered into the college.【2012四川】Thank you so much for not only giving me life, but also teach me how to be a good person.,解决方案(1) 通读全文，搞清文中动词时态的主旋律 .(2) 结合语境，灵活运用时态形式 .(3) 认真推敲，准确把握主动与被动 .,【2012新课标全国】 I found out that with more patience I could make my toys to last.【2012陕西】 I also shared with my friends many photos taking in BeiJing.,主要错误为三种：非谓语的混淆；不定式to的遗漏或多用；非谓语与谓语动词的混淆。,短文改错典型错词类型分析归纳,非谓语，细辨别,【2009浙江】It was a lesson that it was possible give without expecting anything in return. 【2010课标全国卷】 On the box was a card said:“25 cents.”,to,saying,【2010浙江卷】I noticed Mother looking at the nearby table occupy by an elderly woman . 【2010重庆卷】He had time for a proper breakfast and was still the first reach the factory.,occupied,to,【2011陕西卷】 I came across a crew make a new film with one of my favorite actors. 【2011四川卷)】The man did as told and slept really well, wake up before the alarm had even gone off.,making,waking,【2011辽宁卷】The commanding officer, Wayne Tyler, who was directly responsible for the study of all such reports, decided to making his findings known.,make,解决方案(1) 纵观全文或全句，明确句中动词所作的句子成分.(2)系统掌握非谓语动词的句法功能.(3) 前后联系，整体把握 .,【2012全国课标From the time I was about four until I was about six, I destroyed each of my toy.【 2011全国课标 It was very strange to travel without any luggages.,名词爱考数与格，也要分清可不可,短文改错典型错词类型分析归纳,名词数,【2010全国 卷】Christie was one of my best friend at high school. 【2011全国卷】My brother was so much fond of the museums there that he begged my parents to stay another a couple of day. 【2011四川卷】Tom was having much troubles getting up in the morning.,trouble,friends,days,【2011陕西卷】. I came across a crew making a new film with one of my favorite actor. 【2011浙江卷】 I was playing at my cousin house.【2011辽宁卷】 . the rate of UFO reports was steady, around three per weeks.,actors,cousins,week,1. 修饰名词，作宾补及连系动词后用形容词；2. 修饰动词，形容词，副词及整个句子时用副词；3. 比较级和最高级的使用。,短文改错典型错词类型分析归纳,还要注意形和副,【2012重庆】Whenever I think of the old days, I feel very happily.2012辽宁Unfortunate, the only problem was the journey home.2012全国大纲Another way is to watch our everyday use of water and electric at home.,【2010重庆卷】Still, your happiness makes him happily too.【2011四川卷】Im pleasing to hear it ,”said his boss,” but where were you yesterday?”,happy,pleased,lose my heart such many peoplein hurry in a shortin Sunday afternoon,a,on,so,介词多半考搭配,多、漏、误用想周到,介词、短语要牢记,短文改错典型错词类型分析归纳,【2011浙江卷】I would never be able to enjoy to playing with the toy.【2011陕西卷 】.about to leave when he walked out a building 【2012陕西卷】I also shared for my friends many photos taken there.【2012四川卷】But on today, at this special time, I just want to tell.,of,解决方案(1)平时的学习中注意积累语言知识，特别是一些固定搭配的记忆 . (2)强化语法训练，分清连词，副词和介词之间的区别和句法功能 . (3) 语法知识的记忆和语感的培养结合起来 .,人称代词的性别，单复数及代词格的误用；物主代词，反身代词以及不定代词的误用；“it” 一词的不当使用(包括用于从句中或作形式主语或宾语)； Whose 和whos，its和its的混淆,代词方面的错误主要体现在：,代词格，须领悟,短文改错典型错词类型分析归纳,I,me,we,us,you,you,you,you,he,him,she,her,it,it,they,them,【2012全国课标】For a while, parents bought me new toys.【 2012四川】 I am sorry that I am abroad and can not send your flowers, so I am writing to you.,短文改错典型错词类型分析归纳,【2012辽宁】They finally dropped Gina off at her parents and made our way home. 【2011重庆卷】With the help of Katia, a roommate of me, Ive soon got used to living without my parents .【2011全国II卷】Thank you very much for showing them around your city and providing us with the wonderful meals.,mine,us,解决方案(1) 顺藤摸瓜，理清短文中代词的指代关系，注意联系上下文。(2) 系统掌握it的各种用法 . (3) 准确把握不定代词在文中的正确使用。,冠词在前 “错” “多” “少”。常考的错误形式有：冠词the, a, an 的误用，多用或少用。,【 2012重庆卷I still remember when I was child, you always held me in your arms.,冠词、连词常光顾,短文改错典型错词类型分析归纳,【2010陕西卷】Then she bent down and picked it up to look at a price on it.,the,【2012陕西卷It was such great hotel that I would recommend it to any friend of mine.,【2011陕西卷】He was right there in the front of me. 【2010 课标全国卷】My friend Nick told me story about his experience back in the US.,a,【2011全国卷2】 If youd like to make trip to our city some day, I will be more than happy to be your guide. 【2011浙江卷】 It was very nice to get your invitation to spend weekend with you.,a,the,句法涉及到一致, 从句多考引导词（误用，多用或遗漏 ）,2012重庆卷I have been missing you very much after I went to college a year ago.,句子成分多分析,短文改错典型错词类型分析归纳,【2010陕西卷】It turned out to be her own cup, that shed left on the shelf by mistake. 【2010宁夏青海卷】. let me know what things are going.,which,how,【2012四川卷】Nobody can take your part in my heart. Whenever I am, I always love you.【2011重庆卷】 Katia will introduce me to some of her friends, one of who has been to China several times.,whom,【2010重庆卷】Here is my idea about how a friend is like. 【2010全国卷】So if they had said was true, I would have a chance of winning the prize .,what,what,解决方案（1）不同的句子成分要用不同的词类；（2）不同的语境要选择不同的词语。（3）只有对句子结构和成分作细致的分析，才能找出用词不当的错误。,连词常考 but，and，or, so 等的逻辑错误，以及搭配错误。,【2010课程标准卷】my neighbor picked up the box but announced,短文改错典型错词类型分析归纳,and,【2010辽宁卷】 Her hair was black and purple, and she wore black sports shoes and a black sweater, although in the summer. 【2010全国】All I had to do was to write a story or present it.,even,and,2011全国课标】Its been a week after we left your family and we are now back home. 【2012全国课标】We can go to work once and twice a week.,since,0r,【2010陕西卷】The assistant was clearly as embarrassed as my sister, for I just thought it was funny. 【2011辽宁卷】Wayne Tyler decided to make his findings known. They wrote an article,He,but / yet / while,【2011陕西卷】I didnt have my camera with me at that time, but I rushed back home to get 【2011陕西卷】 Unfortunately, by the time I got back, they had finished the scene and the actor couldnt be seen everywhere.,and /so,anywhere,【2012全国卷II】We should first go out to plant trees though trees will help save water.【2012陕西】It is in the downtown area but it is easy to go anywhere fron the hotel by public transport.,because,so,词法句法均未错, 逻辑推理来寻找。主要是句子之间逻辑关系的矛盾，代词在人称上的不一致等。,逻辑错误须关注,短文改错典型错词类型分析归纳,三步,高考短文改错应试策略及答题原则,通读全文，把握大意 细读全文，仔细斟酌再读全文, 复核审查,六原则,以在有错行改动一词为原则.以改变实词形式为原则.以单词形式变化最小为原则.以添加或删除虚词为原则.以多“改正”少“添删”为原则以保持原意不变为原则,高考短文改错应试策略及答题原则,四不改,标点符号不改。大小写不改。词序错误不改。单词拼写不改。,高考短文改错应试策略及答题原则,I learned early in life that I had to be more patient and little aggressive. From the time I was about four until I was about six, I destroyed each of my toy. I was happy when the toys worked, but when things did wrong, I got angry and broke it. For a while parents bought me new toys. But before long they began to see which was happening. When I tear apart my fifth birthday toy train, my father said, Thats it. No more toys to you. My punishment lasted a year. Meanwhile, I found out that with more patience I must make my toys to last. My attitude changed from then on.,【2012全国新课标、海南卷】,2012年高考短文改错真题实战演练,I learned early in life that I had to be more patient and little aggressive. From the time I was about four until I was about six, I destroyed each of my toy. I was happy when the toys worked, but when things did wrong, I got angry and broke it. For a while parents bought me new toys.,less,my,them,go,went,toys,【2012全国新课标解析】,But before long they began to see which was happening. When I tear apart my fifth birthday toy train, my father said, Thats it. No more toys to you. My punishment lasted a year. Meanwhile, I found out that with more patience I must make my toys to last. My attitude changed from then on.,for,what,tore,could,【2012全国新课标解析】,My father and I stayed at the South Lake Hotel for a week when we visit Beijing last month. It is in the downtown area, but it is easy to go to anywhere from the hotel by public transport. We lived in a comfortably double-room with a big bath. What I liked best were the free high-speed Internet connection in the room. I checked my email messages every day. I also shared for my friends many photos taking in Beijing. The food was wonderful with reasonable prices, and we enjoyed several local dish. It is such great hotel that I would recommend it to any friend of me who is going to Beijing.,【2012陕西卷真题】,2012年高考短文改错真题实战演练,My father and I stayed at the South Lake Hotel for a week when we visit Beijing last month. It is in the downtown area, but it is easy to go to anywhere from the hotel by public transport. We lived in a comfortably double-room with a big bath. What I liked best were the free high-speed Internet connection in the room.,visited,so/and,comfortable,was,【2012陕西卷解析】,I checked my email messages every day. I also shared for my friends many photos taking in Beijing. The food was wonderful with reasonable prices, and we enjoyed several local dish. It is such great hotel that I would recommend it to any friend of me who is going to Beijing.,with,taken,dishes,a,mine,【2012陕西卷解析】,Dear Diana, Thank you for the lovely day we have with you. It was so kind tor you to let us bring Annes friend. Gina. Unfortunate, the only problem was the journey home. There had been a terrible accident on the highway and, for a result, there was a long line of traffic for at least six mile. In the end, we drove to a service station and waited there unless the road was clear. In the car park Gina nearly got knocked over as a car drove out far too quickly from behind a lorry. They finally dropped Gina off at her parents and made our own way to home.,【2012辽宁卷高考真题】,Dear Diana, Thank you for the lovely day we have with you. It was so kind for you to let us bring Annes friend. Gina. Unfortunate, the only problem was the journey home. There had been a terrible accident on the highway and, for a result, there was a long line of traffic for at least six mile.,had,of,Unfortunately,as,miles,【2012辽宁卷解析】,In the end, we drove to a service station and waited there unless the road was clear. In the car park here Gina nearly got knocked over as car drove out far too quickly from behind a lorry. They finally