2014高中英语（牛津译林版必修2，安徽专用）同步课件：unit 3 amazing people section ⅱ word power，grammar and usage（ 2014高考）

Unit 3 Amazing people Section Word power，Grammar and usage 课件（牛津版必修2，安徽专用）,研读材料，完成下列内容：.熟记重点单词1. vt.组织2 n基地；基础3 n制造者4 n警告；提醒5 v幸存；生还6 conj.一旦7 adj.广泛的；普遍的8 n&vi.& vt.信号； 发信号；表明,organize,base,maker,warning,survive,once,widespread,signal,.探究重点短语1set 起航2be based 以为根据3once twice 一两次4dream 梦想5after 毕业之后6get in touch 取得联系7 full speed 全速8come use 开始使用,sail,on,or,of,graduation,with,at,into,.背诵教材佳句1However，his mother that was a good idea.然而，他妈妈认为那不是好主意。2George Gould to the tomb he caught a high fever and died.乔治在发高烧死亡之前去过那墓地。3. the paper makers showed people how to make paper，it came into widespread all over the world.一旦造纸者向人们展示如何造纸，它就在全世界广泛应用。,did not think,had been,before,Once,use,1work out(宾语从句)(教材原句)Work out what they were.弄清楚它们是什么。(P46)【句法分析】这是主从复合句，what引导宾语从句。Can you work out how much money it will need?你能计算出需要多少钱吗？Please work out which is right.请弄清楚哪一个是对的。work out有下列用法：(1)理解；弄懂；判断I cant work out what he said.我不能理解他说的意思。,(2)计算；算出Ill give you 2 hours to work out this problem.我将给你两个小时来算出这道题。(3)计划；思考Before we take action，we must work out a plan.在我们行动之前，必须先制订一个计划。(4)开采光了The old mine is completely worked out.那座老矿山已经被开采完了。(5)成功地发展My first job didnt work out.我的第一份工作做得不好。,【用法归纳】work on 从事；搞work at 从事；研习figure out 算出，推测；解决或破译；断定，发现make out 辨明，看清；理解；写下，列出；前进，进展turn out 结果是，证明是stand out 站出来；突出He is working hard at his English lessons.他在努力学习英语。His father has been working on the project for five years.他的父亲从事这项目有五年了。,【即境活用】完成句子那位小说家在写一本新书。The novelist a new book.他们终于弄清楚了谁打烂的玻璃。They finally broke the window.他没有辨认出谁正站在那儿。He was standing there.,is working on,worked out who,didnt make out who,You cant predict everything.Often things dont _ as you expect.Arun out Bbreak outCwork out Dput out解析run out“耗尽”；break out“打破”；work out“算出；实现；结果”；put out“扑灭”。句意：你不能预言一切事情。事情常常不会像你期待的那样实现。答案C,We had wanted to finish our task by noon，but it didnt quite _ as planned.Afind out Bgive out Chand out Dwork out解析work out表示“成功地发展，进行顺利”，符合句意。find out意为“查明”；give out意为“发出，用尽”；hand out意为“分派”。 句意为“我们本来打算在中午前完成任务的，但进展并不像计划得那样顺利。”答案D,2refer to(教材原句)Sometimes we use a different suffix，usuallyess，when referring to a woman.有时我们用不同的后缀，当我们谈到一位女人时，通常是用ess。(P46)【句法分析】when referring to a woman是时间状语从句的省略形式，完整的是when we are referring to a woman.(1)关于，涉及The figures in the lefthand column refer to our sales abroad.左栏里的数字是关于我们海外销售额的。,(2)提到，说到The matter you referred to at the meeting needs settling at once.你在会上提到的那件事需要马上解决。(3)参考，查阅Refer to the Internet for further information.上网查询更多信息。学法点拨refer to中的“to”是介词，后接名词或动名词，同类短语较多，也是高频考点。,【用法归纳】含有介词to的短语：get down to sth 开始认真做某事pay attention to 注意look forward to 盼望belong to 属于compare.to 把比做be used to 习惯于devote to 奉献,turn to 转向be/get close to 接近，靠近stick to 坚持add to 增加due to 由于lead to 通向，导致object to 反对,【即境活用】完成句子作者在文章中两次提及他的老师。The author his teacher twice in his essay.当我说有些人很笨时，我指的不是你。When I said some people are stupid，I wasnt .,referred to,referring to you,It was foolish of him to _ his notes during that important test，and as a result，he got punished.Astick to Brefer to Ckeep to Dpoint to解析题干意思表示“考试时偷看笔记”。答案B,Since the outline has been made，lets _ the details.Alook up to Bput up withCget down to Dcome up with解析考查短语辨析。既然已经有了轮廓，就要“开始认真”讨论细节问题。get down to表示“开始认真做某事”，其中to是介词。A项表示“尊重”；B项表示“忍受”；D项表示“想出”。答案C,Im looking forward to _ you.Ahear from Breceive a letter fromChearing from Dgetting from解析“look forward to名词/doing sth.”意为“盼望(做)”，to是介词，后接名词或动名词。答案C,3dream of/about(doing)sth梦想(教材原句)When Lin Qiang was at primary school，he dreamt of being a teacher one day because he thought teaching was very enjoyable.林强在小学时，他梦想将来某一天当一名教师，因为他认为教学很快乐。(P46)【句法分析】本句含有两个状语从句：一是表时间的when Lin Qiang was at primary school；二是because引导的原因状语从句；还有一个宾语从句teaching was very enjoyable。I often dreamed of becoming a PLA man when I was a boy.当还是少年时，我常常梦想成为一名中国人民解放军。Dont dream about making big money without hard work.不要梦想着不勤奋工作就能赚大钱。,【用法归纳】dream v& n做梦，梦想dreamer n梦想家，做梦的人dream a dream做了一个梦,【即境活用】完成句子他说他昨天夜里做了一个美梦。He said he a sweet last night.经过艰苦努力，她实现了当一名女演员的理想。After hard efforts，she realized her an actress.,had dreamed,dream,dream of becoming,Michael never dreamed of _ for him to be sent abroad very soon.Abeing a chance Btheres a chanceCthere to be a chance Dthere being a chance解析句意为“迈克尔从来没有梦想很快就有个机会去国外”。“梦想”用dream of表示，后接动词，要用ing形式；there be表示“有”。把二者“合二为一”，则成了dream of there being。类似这种用法的还有：I expect there to be a heavy snow tomorrow.我认为明天有场大雪。You wouldnt want there to be another war.你不会想要再有一场战争。答案D,His face seemed pale，for he just _ a terrible dream and awoke.Amade BlivedCgave Ddreamed解析从语境及动词宾语a dream看，此处涉及英语中的一种修辞同源宾语，即动词的宾语是该动词的名词形式。如：live a happy life过着幸福的生活；die a glorious death死得光荣。答案D,4marry v.(教材原句)She married George Putnam in 1931.1931年她嫁给了乔治普特南。(P49)(1)marry sb嫁给某人；与某人结婚Tom is going to marry Jane tomorrow.汤姆明天要和简结婚。(2)be/get married to sb 与某人结婚After living in China for five years，she was/got married to a Chinese last month.在中国生活了五年之后，她上个月嫁给了一个中国人。,(3)marry sb to sb 把某人嫁给某人Her parents married her to a rich man she did not love.她父母把她嫁给了一个她并不爱的有钱人。(4)vi.结婚She married twice in her life but had no child of her own. 她一生结过两次婚，但是没有自己的孩子。误区警示表示“和某人结婚”，用marry sb或be/get married to sb，不用with；表示“与某人订婚”，用be engaged to sb，不用with；表示“结婚一段时间”，用be married不用get married。,【即境活用】完成句子她结婚很早。She very early.她什么时候结的婚？When did she ?他们结婚已经10年了。They for 10 years.,married,get married,have been married,My uncle _ until he was fortyfive.Amarried Bdidnt marryCwas not marrying Dwould marry解析句意为“我叔叔直到四十五岁才结婚”。marry是非延续性动词，可与not.until连用。答案B,The couple _ 10 years ago，and that meant they _ for 10 years.Amarried；have marriedBwere married；have been marriedCgot married；have marriedDgot married；have been married解析考查marry的用法。get married表示动作；be married表示状态。答案D,5get in touch with.，与取得联系(教材原句)When the base tried to get in touch with Amelia at 9：30 pm.on 2 July 1937，.1937年7月2日晚上9点30分，当基地尽力联系阿米莉娅时，(P49)Ill get in touch with you as soon as I arrive.我一到达就和你取得联系。She will get in touch with you by phone.她会用电话与你联系的。We managed to get in touch with them.我们设法与他们取得了联系。,【用法归纳】touch 表示“联系”时常见的短语有keep in touch with与保持联系lose touch with与失去联系out of touch with与无联系They kept in touch with us for a long time.他们与我们保持了长时间的联系。For some reason，she lost touch with her friends.由于某种原因，她与朋友们失去了联系。,误区警示get in touch with.及lose touch with.为非延续性动词短语，不可以与“for时间段”连用，而be in touch with.及be out of touch with则可以。They got in touch with each other yesterday，and they had been out of touch for 3 years.昨天他们取得了联系，他们已经3年没有联系了。,【即境活用】 完成句子 The old man (毫无联系)with the outside world. (他们保持联系)with each other through email and still stay best friends. How many friends (李梅已经与之失去了联系)?,was out of touch,They kept in touch,has Li Mei lost touch with,Everybody was touched _ words after they heard her moving story.Abeyond BwithoutCof Din解析本题考查短语搭配。句意为“所有人听到她那感人的故事后都感动得无言以对”。beyond在此意为“超过”。touch意为“感触，感动”，而不表示“接触”。答案A,Here is my card.Lets keep in _ .Atouch BrelationCconnection Dfriendship解析touch作名词时构成名词短语keep in touch，意为“保持联系”。答案A,6warning n警告，预先，通知，预兆(教材原句)The captain，who had received warnings about icebergs all day，had dismissed the warnings as they arrived.船长全天都收到冰山警告，但却对到来的警告疏于注意。(P50)【句法分析】这是主从复合句，who引导一个非限制性定语从句。Doctors issued a warning against eating any fish caught in the river.医生们发出警告不要吃那条河里捕的鱼。,【用法归纳】warn v提醒注意；警告，告诫warn sb of sth警告某人提防某事warn sb not/never to do sth警告某人不要做某事warn sb against doing sth警告某人不要做某事I tried to warn him，but he wouldnt listen.我设法提醒他了，可是他不听。The police warned us not to go out at night.警察告诫我们夜间不要出门。He warned me against going outside alone at night.他提醒我晚上不要单独出去。,【即境活用】完成句子他们警告他有危险。They him the danger.气象台说将有暴风雨来临。The weather station a storm was coming.,warned,of,warned that,During the period of recent terrorist activities，people _ not to touch the unattended bag.Ahad always been warnedBwere always being warnedCare always warningDalways warned解析本题考查时态。句意为“在最近的恐怖活动期间，人们总是被警告不要去碰任何无人照看的包”。people与warn之间为被动关系，所以排除C和D；had always been warned为过去完成时，表示“过去的过去”，而语境中没有任何这种时间的提示，也应排除。warn sb not to do sth意为“警告某人不要做某事”。同时，always用在进行时中也表示了说话者的抱怨，不满情绪。答案B,7once/come into use(教材原句)Once the paper makers had shown people how to make paper，it came into widespread use all over the world.一旦造纸者向人们展示了如何造纸，它便在全世界被广泛利用起来。(P51),【句法分析】once引导的是一个时间状语从句，其中how to make paper是“疑问词to do”形式作show的宾语。(1)once用作连词，意为“一旦；一就”。Once Ive found somewhere to live，Ill send you my address.我一找到住的地方就把地址告诉你。Im sure youll be very happy here once you get to know everyone else.我敢肯定一旦你认识了其他所有人，你在这儿就会很愉快。,用作副词，意为“曾经，一度；有一次”。Did you know that Dam was once a policeman?你知道丹曾当过警察吗？This house once belonged to my grandfather.这座房子曾属于我的祖父。用作副词，意为“一次，一回”。I have seen the show once before，but I enjoyed seeing it again.这个表演我过去看过一次，不过我希望再看一遍。How often do you use the Internet？Daily？Once a week?你多长时间上一次网？每天？每周一次？,用作名词(用于for或at之后或用于the，that或this之后)。For once I wish youd tell me the truth.我就这一次希望你能告诉我实话。Yes，I met him，but just the once.是的，我见过他，但就这一次。,【用法归纳】all at once 突然；忽然at once立即，马上every once in a while 偶尔；有时(just)for once难得一次once again/once more再一次，重新once and for all 一劳永逸地；永远地，彻底地once or twice一两次；几次once upon a time从前；很久很久以前(用于故事开头),(2)come into use开始被使用This method has come into wide use in this area.这方法在这一地区已被广泛使用。When did the building come into use?这栋楼何时开始起用？,【用法归纳】go out of use停止使用have no use for sth 没有必要；用不着(be)in use在使用中It is(of)no use doing/There is no use doing 做是徒然的make (good/full/little)use of (好好/充分/不充分)利用，使用put.to use使用；利用use up用尽，用光,【即境活用】翻译句子一旦太阳落下，气温就变冷。 . 坏的习惯一旦形成，将很难改掉。 . 我记得曾经见过他。 .,Once the sun sets，the air turns cold,Bad habits，once formed，are difficult to give up,I remember I met him once,完成句子这列火车什么时候开始使用的？When did the train ?我相信总有一天这种机器会被广泛使用的。Im sure the machine wide one day.,come into use,will come into,use,You will be successful in the interview _ you have confidence. Abefore Bonce Cuntil Dthough解析once引导条件状语从句。答案B,Jasmine was holidaying with her family in a wildlife park_ she was bitten on the leg by a lion.Awhen Bwhile Csince Donce解析when为并列连词，相当于and at that time“就在这时候”，once引导时间状语从句时表示“一旦”。答案A,语法导图,知能精解过去完成时一、过去完成时的构成和用法1构成had过去分词2用法(1)表示在过去某一时刻或某一动作之前已经完成的动作，时间定位是“过去的过去”。句中一般有明确表示“过去的过去”的时间状语(从句)，但有时需要通过上下文来判断。如：By nine oclock last night，we had finished most of the work.到昨晚9点钟，我们已完成了大部分工作。,(2)表示从过去某一时刻开始，一直持续到过去另一时刻的动作或状态，常和for，since 构成的短语连用。如：I had been at the bus stop for 30 minutes when a bus finally came.当公共汽车最终到来的时候，我已在车站等了30分钟。(3)在含有定语从句的主从复合句中，如果主从复合句叙述的是过去的事，则先发生的动作常用过去完成时。如：She returned the book that she had borrowed.她已归还了她借的那本书。,(4)过去完成时常常用在宾语从句(或间接引语)中，这时从句谓语动作发生在主句谓语动作(过去时)之前。如：She said that she had finished her homework.她说她已完成作业了。(5)think，want，hope，mean，plan，intend 等动词的过去完成时可用来表示过去本打算/本想/本希望/做某事而实际上未做。如：We had intended to come and see you the day before yesterday.我们前天本打算来看你的。,二、过去完成时的常用固定句型主语had hardly/scarcely(no sooner)过去分词when(than)从句(从句用一般过去时)(hardly，scarcely，no sooner 位于句首时，主句要倒装)It was一段时间since 从句(从句用过去完成时)It was the first/second/.time(that)从句(从句用过去完成时)主句(过去完成时)by the time.(表示过去的从句),句子(过去完成时)by the end of.(表示过去的时间)I had no sooner reached home than it began to rain.(No sooner had I reached home than it began to rain.)我刚到家就下雨了。It was at least three months since I had left Beijing.我离开北京至少有3个月了。It was the first time that I had chatted online in English.那是我第一次用英语在网上聊天。,三、过去完成时和一般过去时的区别过去完成时的时间背景是“过去的过去”，且强调动作或状态在过去某时之前已经结束；一般过去时的时间背景是“现在的过去”，且强调过去某时的动作或状态。两者的时间参照点不同：We had learned two English songs by the end of last term.到上学期期末为止，我们已经学了两首英文歌曲。My sister learned two English songs last term.上个学期我的姐姐学了两首英文歌曲。,四、过去完成时和现在完成时的区别现在完成时着眼于现在，强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响和结果，或是由过去持续到现在的动作。过去完成时则主要体现过去发生的动作有先有后，表达的是“过去的过去”。I have read the book Harry Potter for three times.哈利波特这本书我已读了三遍了。(强调现在的结果已读三遍)I had read the book Harry Potter for three times before I returned it to the library.哈利波特这本书在还给图书馆之前我已读了三遍了。(read 发生在returned 之前，是过去的过去),误区警示过去完成时态是考查的重点，也是难点，很多同学误认为只要是过去时间内发生的动作就用过去完成时，这是不正确的。其实学习过去完成时只要记住一点就可以了：过去完成时必须有一个过去的时间点或过去的某一动作为参照，即“过去的过去”发生。否则就不能用过去完成时。考法提示：过去完成时在不同语境和句型中的用法。过去完成时用一般过去时或现在完成时等时态的用法区别。,【典例剖析】典例1He _ more than 5,000 English words when he entered the university at the age of 15.Ahas learned Bwould have learnedClearned Dhad learned解析本题主要考查动词时态的运用。根据句子中的时间状语when he entered the university at the age of 15可知，学英语单词在上大学之前，故用过去完成时，本题的正确答案为D。答案D,典例2I met Tom last month.Really?Yes.We _ each other since we graduated from college.Ahavent met Bhadnt metCwouldnt meet Ddidnt meet解析本题考查时态。since后跟过去的时间点或过去的动作时应用现在完成时态，表示从过去一直持续到现在的动作，但此题中应注意两人相遇发生在上个月，所以是从毕业一直到上个月这段时间，故应用过去完成时。答案B,典例3Did Alice enjoy the concert held in Xi Yuan Theater yesterday?Yes，she did.She _ such an excellent concert for a long time.Adidnt take part in Bwouldnt take part inChasnt been in Dhadnt been in解析take part in为非延续性动词词组，不能和时间状语for a long time连用；此句中的参考时间为过去时，所以不能用现在完成时。故正确选项为D。答案D,典例4I was giving a talk to a large group of people，the same talk I _ to half a dozen other groups.Awas giving Bam givingChad given Dhave given解析考查时态。说话人向half a dozen other groups作报告发生在向a large group of people作报告之前，而此句前半句是过去时，所以后半句用过去完成时。答案C,典例5I didnt do well in the exam yesterday.Of course I _ for it.Oh，you poor thing！But I think you should learn a lesson.Ahadnt studied Bhavent studiedCwasnt studying Dwouldnt study解析考查时态。句意：昨天考试中我做得不好。当然在此之前我就没有为之做好准备。你这个可怜的东西，但是我认为你应该从中汲取点教训呢。语境强调在昨天考试之前没有努力学习，故用过去完成时。答案A,典例6Why didnt you come to the cinema with us last Saturday?Oh，sorry.But I _ the film.Asee BsawChave seen Dhad seen解析本题考查时态。句意：你上个星期六为什么没有和我们一起去看电影？哦，对不起。但是我已经看过了。根据情景，背景时间是上星期六，应用过去完成时。答案D,典例7Did Alan enjoy seeing his old friends yesterday?Yes，he did.He_ his old friends for a long time.Adidnt see Bwouldnt seeChasnt seen Dhadnt seen解析“很久不见”这一状态在“昨日见面”之前已存在，所以此处用过去完成时。答案D,知能精练一、用所给动词的适当形式填空1There (be)25 parks in our city up till 2000.2They finished earlier than (expect)3That was the second time that she (see)her grandfather.4I (intend)to see you but I was too busy.5Every means (try)to solve the problem since last week.,had been,had expected,had seen,had intended,has been tried,6She said she (see)the film before.7No sooner I (go)out than he came to see me.8When I got back to the shop，my bag _ (take)away by someone else.9The teacher，with 6 girls and 8 boys of her class, (visit)a museum when the earthquake struck.10Why havent you asked her to come here?She (do) an important experiment when I found her and she (not finish)it.,had seen,had,gone,had been taken,was visiting,was doing,hasnt finished,二、单项填空1I _that he would be able to arrive tomorrow，but its beginning to