完形填空解题技巧课件

完形填空做题技巧,一、完形填空的特点是什么？完形填空是一种旨在考查考生的阅读能力、逻辑推理及分析归纳、综合判断能力的典型题，难易程度与初中教材相当，词数在180-250左右。文中平均每隔25个词左右设一空。人名、地名、日期等不在设空之列。隔词数越少，题目越难；反之亦然。,文体多以记叙文为主，首句通常不设空。考查内容集中在对名词、动词、代词、形容词和副词等实词的理解上。完形填空考查的就是你能否在缺字，不认得字、词语的情况下，能否通过推理判断、综合分析等全面理解文章的正确意思，然后把答案填入空白处，使短文前后连贯、意思通顺、结构完整合理。它的一个显著特点就是突出语篇，即重在文意的干扰，把具体的语言知识融进具体的语言情境中去，考查学生通过上下文对整体文意进行把握的能力。,二、完形填空的考查点“完形填空”题是一种旨在考查学生语法和词汇知识综合运用能力的典型题型。重点考查:词语搭配、词语辨析、逻辑推断、前后呼应等，有时兼顾一些讲英语国家的语言及生活习惯等。,词语搭配包括:习惯用语、动词、形容词、副词、介词、名词等的相互搭配；词语辨析包括:近义词的辨析和易混词的辨析；逻辑推断包括:根据上下文的信息判断和逻辑关系，如转折、递进、因果、条件、让步等关系，也包括根据上下文内容，选出一个意思与内容相符合的词或词语；前后呼应是指有些句子如果孤立地理解，可能有多个选择，并且意思都能成立，但把前后文结合或联系起来理解，就只能有一个选择,三、完形填空题的解题步骤及技巧1.第一步：细读首句，跳过空格，通读全文，掌握大意细读首句:明确短文话题，了解篇章结构,预测全文内容。跳过空格，快速通读，领会大意，把握中心。生词的处理:跳过、判断词性、了解大意、猜测。,第二步：上下联系，逐句阅读，先易后难，初定答案。答案要求语法正确,搭配无误,结构完整，意思通顺,前后一致,逻辑得当。怎样分析：A.从空格所在的句子单独考虑。B.从空格所在的前后2-3句考虑。C.从整个段落、整篇短文考虑。思路一:分析句子结构，从语法和句型结构考虑。思路二:理解句子含义，判断句义关系，从词汇的意义、用法和搭配考虑。思路三:把握整体意思，寻找答题线索，从上下文考虑。思路四:结合前后语境，进行逻辑推理，从日常生活常识考虑。,第三步：复读全文，逐个核对，验证答案，坚定信心。怎样验证答案：所选答案是否能使全文流畅，逻辑推理是否正确。具体实事是否成立，前后关系是否理顺。语法是否正确，其中包括时态的选择、词汇选择、固定搭配等。在通读全文时最好在可能的条件下将所选答案填入文章中，反复阅读。,1.MrBlackisadoctor,heworksinthe_.,hospital,night,no/little,pass,but,ChallengeYourself,2.Anursenotonlyworksintheday,butalsoworksduringthe_.3.Heisratherbusy,sohehas_timetohavelunchathome.4.WehaveanEnglishtestthisterm,itsveryeasy,moststudentscan_thistest.5.Thewholeclasswenttothezooyesterday,theywereverytired_happy.,Skill1：context（上下文、语境）,InNewYork,onaFridaynight,ayoungartiststoodatthegateofatrainstation.Hewasplayinghis_16_.Hismusicwassogreatthatmanypeopleputmoneyintohishat.Thenextday,theyoungartistcametothesameplace,andplayedtheviolinasusual.,16.A.pianoB.guitarC.violinD.sax,violin,violin,Skill1：context（上下文、语境）,Onceakingwaswalkingaroundapoolwithhisministers（大臣）.Suddenly,hecameupwithanidea.Heasked,“Howmanybasketsof41arethereinthepool?”.asbigasthepool,thereisonebasketofwater,41.A.fishB.flowersC.waterD.apples,basketofwater,water,basketsof,Englandisacountrywithweather.Itisoftenwindyandrainy.A.niceB.windyC.bad,Skill1：context（上下文、语境）,Skill1：context（上下文、语境）Thereweresomanypeopleonthebusthattherewere_1_emptyseats.Whenayoungmangotout,anoldmannearhimwantedto_2_,buttheyoungmanpushedhimbackhisseat.“Thankyou,”hesaid,“butpleasedontdothat,Icanstand.”1.A.manyB.someC.enoughD.no2.A.sitdownB.getonC.setoutD.standup,Whenwetalked,Idiscovered（发现）somedifferencesinschoollifebetweentheUSandChina.Forexample,eachclasslastsfiftyminutesintheUS.Itisalittle_44_thanthatinChina.Weusuallyhaveforty-fiveminutesineachclass.,44.A.shorterB.longerC.earlierD.later,fifty,Skill2：logic（逻辑推理）,forty-five,Skill2：logic（逻辑推理）,Mymotheroftenaskedme，“Whatisthemostimportantpartofthebody?”Ithoughtsoundwasveryimportanttousashumans，soIsaid“My17，Mommy”Shesaid，“NoManypeoplearedeaf（聋的）,17.A.earsB.eyesC.bodyD.head,sound,deaf,Skill2：logic（逻辑推理）,Whentwopeopleareinaconversation,thespeakerwillonlylookatthelistenerfromtimetotime,inordertomakesurethatthelistenerdoespayattention48whatheorsheisspeaking,48.A.forB.ofC.withD.to,payattention,to,Skill3：regularcollocation（固定搭配）,Skill3：regularcollocation（固定搭配）,Inthemorning,thekingwenttovisitthepond.Tohissurprise,thepondwasonlyfilledwithwater!Whathappened?Yes!Everyonehadthesameidea48thatman.,48.A.withB.toC.asD.of,thesame,as,Skill3：regularcollocation（固定搭配）ItsSunday.Somestudentsaregoing_1_atripwiththeirteacher._2_theirwaytheysawabusbehindthem.1.A.toB.forC.onD.at2.A.OnB.ByC.AtD.To,Skill4：grammaranalysis（语法分析）,Asareporter,IthinkIwillmeetlotsofpeopleandIshouldbefriendlytothem.IthinkIllalsomakemanygood25andlivewiththem,becauseIdontlikelivingalone.,25.A.friendB.friendsC.friendsD.friends,many,s,Skill4：grammaranalysis（语法分析）Alittlecocklivedneartheriver.Onemorningthelittlecock_hisbeautifulclothesandwentforawalkbytheriver.Onhiswayhemetalittleduck.A.woreB.hadonC.dressedD.puton分析：所给的四个选项是一组同义词组，都表示“穿”，但它们在用法上有所不同。Wear和haveon都可接物作宾语，意为“穿着”，表示状态；puton也可接“衣物”，作宾语，意为“穿上”，表示动作；而dress的宾语只能是人，而不能是“衣物”。根据以上分析，再结合原句的意思，可以确定正确答案为D。,Skill5：backgroundknowledge（背景知识）,Allovertheworldpeopleswimforfun.Swimmingisenjoyedbypeopleof32ages,fromtheveryyoungtotheveryold.Therearemanyplacesforpeopletoswiminswimmingpools.,32.A.allB.noneC.someD.both,1、context（上下文、语境）,3、regularcollocation（固定搭配）,2、logic（逻辑）,Skil