独立主格结构讲解及练习题

独立主格结构讲解及练习题作者：1文章来源：网络点击数：6217更新时间：2013-05-18 11:55:28我们知道，“Ving或ed形式”短语作状语时，其实就是状语从句在主从句主语一致的情况下省略的结果。所以通常情况下，“Ving或ed形式”作状语时其逻辑主语是和主句的主语一致的。在前后主语不一致的情况下，我们通常采用“Ving或ed形式”短语前加上其逻辑主语一起构成主句的状语部分，因此我们就把自带逻辑主语的“Ving或ed形式”结构叫做“独立主格结构”。事实上，在英语中，“独立主格结构”还可以由“逻辑主语+不定式、名词、形容词、副词、介词短语等”构成，其功能相当于“with复合结构”或“非限制性定语从句”。独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开。下面本人就从句型转化的角度解读“独立主格结构”的“独立”之处。1. 与状语从句的转化1). All the work finished, he sat down for a coffee.【= When all the work was finished, he sat down for acoffee.】2). Weather permitting, we will go swimming tomorrow.【= If weather permits, we will go swimming tomorrow.】3). The boy being late, his teacher was very angry.【= As the boy was late, his teacher was very angry. 】4) Everything taken into consideration, the event was a great event.【= When everything taken into consideration, the event was agreatevent.】5) There being something more important to attend to, he had to cancel the appointment with me.【= As there was something more important to attend to, he had to cancel the appointment with me.】6). The floor wet, they stayed outside.【= As the floor was wet, they stayed outside.】2. 与with复合结构的转化1). A lot of homework to do, I have to stay home all day.【=With a lot of homework to do, I have to stay home all day.】2）The president entered the meeting room, his secretary following him.【=The president entered the meeting room, with his secretary following him.】3). The crazy man, a gun in his hand, was trying to kill his wife.【=The crazy man, with a gun inhishand, was trying to kill his wife.】3. 与非限制性定语从句的转化1). The country has already sent up three unmanned spacecraft, the most recent having been launched at the end of last month.【=The country has already sent up three unmanned spacecrafts, themostrecent of which was launched at the end oflastmonth.】2). The old farmer raised 10 pigs, two weighing 200kg.【=The old farmer raised 10 pigs, two of which weighed 200kg.】巩固联系1. Everything _ into consideration, they ought to have another chance.A. to take B. taken C. to be taken D. taking2. An expert _ to help them tomorrow, they are sure to work out theproblem.A. will come B. coming C. to come D. having come3. The meeting _ over, he went to pick uphisson directlyA. to be B. is C. was D. being4. - They sat still in the room, _.- Why did they do like that?A. drawing the curtains B. with the curtains drawnC. with the curtains drawing D. having the curtains drawn5. The sun _, they continued their way.A. has risen B. having risen C. has raised D. having raised6. The country has already sent up three unmanned spacecraft, themostrecent _ at the end oflastMarch.A. has been launched B. having been launchedC. being launched D. to be launched7. Here are two volumes, the third one _ next month.A. comes out B. came out C. coming out D. to come out8. With his son_ , the old man felt unhappy.A. to disappoint B. to be disappointingC. disappointing D. being disappointed9. - Come on, please give me some ideas about the project.-Sorry. With so much work _ my mind, I almost break down.A. filled B. filling C. to fill D. being filled10 John received an invitation to dinner, and withhiswork _ , he gladly accepted it .A. finished B. finishing C. having finished D. was finished11. _, Ihad to ask for two days leave.A. Mother being ill B. Mother ill C. As mother was ill D. A, B and C12. With so many books _, I couldnt go to surf the Internet.A. to read B. to be read C. reading D. read13. The thief stood before the policeman _ admitting what he had done.A. with his dropping head B. dropping his headC. raising his head D. with his head down14. Winter _, it is time tobuywarm clothes .A .has come on B. is coming on C. coming on D. comes on15. The old man lay onhisback at the corner of the street, his eyes _ and his hands _.A. close, tremble B. closed, tremblingC. closing, trembling D. closed, trembled16. With nothing _ to burn, the fire became weak and finally died out .A. leaving B. leave C. left D. to leave17. It was a pity that thegreatwriter died _ his works unfinished .A. for B. with C. of D.from18. I couldnt do my homework with that noise _ on.A. to go B. went C. going D. goes19. _ two exams to worry about, I h