定语从句学案

定语从句知识应该掌握到什么程度? Learning aims: 1. 关系副词where/when/why引导的定语从句 2. 介词+which/whom 引导的定语从句1. 关系副词引导定语从句在定语从句中，关系副词主要有3个：when, where和why.1）when 在定语从句中表时间，作状语，其先行词往往是表示时间的名词，如：time, day, season, age, occasion 等。I cant forget the night when I came to the farm.翻译：_2)where在定语从句中表示地点，作状语，其先行词通常是place, city, town, factory, table, village, house等表示地点的名词 situation, case, condition, point等表示抽象意义的名词。The factory where his father works is in the west of the city.翻译：_The country is in the situation where a war will break out at any time.翻译：_3) why在定语从句中表示原因，作状语，先行词一般是reason.That is the reason why I did so. 翻译：_I dont know the reason why he didnt come to school yesterday.翻译：_【注意】1)并非先行词表示时间、地点或原因时,引导词就用when, where 或why;若定语从句中不缺状语而缺主语或宾语则须用which或 that引导定语从句。Ill never forget the days_ we worked together.Ill never forget the days _we spent together.Do you know the reason _he failed in the exam this time?The reason _he gave me was reasonable.2) when, where, why,引导的定语从句可用“介词+which”来替换。其介词可根据先行词和定语从句中的谓语动词来判断。A. when相当于at/in/on/during等+which.The date on which he joined the Party was July 1，1984.翻译： B. where相当于at/in/on/等+whichThe house in which he lived is a library now.翻译： C. why相当于for+which.Is that the reason for which he was absent from class?翻译： 2. 介词+关系代词（which, whom）引导的定语从句1) 介词+which 在定语从句中充当时间，地点，原因状语，相当于when, where, why.(上边已经讲述)2) 介词+which/whom, 关系代词作介词的宾语，这是我们学习定语从句的重点，也是高考的常考点。which指物，whom指人。在这种结构中，介词的选择非常关键, 可根据定语从句所修饰的名词或代词来选择介词。也可根据从句的相关动词来选用。This is the professor from whom I have learnt a lot.翻译： Have you see the pen with which I write my homework.翻译： In the dark street, there wasnt a single person to whom she could turn for help.翻译： 【注意】在日常英语中通常把介词放在从句的句末，省略关系词which/whomThis is the professor (whom/that) I have learned a lot from.This is the camera (which/that) he often takes photos with.【学法点拨】1）“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句时，介词的选取必须遵循“一先；二动；三意义”的原则。即：a.根据先行词的搭配而定；b.根据定语从句中谓语动词的搭配而定；c.根据整句话的意义而定。2)介词+关系代词引导定语从句时，介词的选择应注意几个问题：a.有的介词时定语从句中词组的固定搭配拆开的结果，用什么介词由从句的动词决定。He is the boy who / whom I was talking to. =He is the boy to whom I was talking.翻译： b.有的介词是根据句意添加上去的，即用什么介词由先行词决定。He employed 30 men, of whom 12 were from his hometown.翻译： c.定语从句中的词组若是十分密切的固定搭配，一般不拆开。The baby who/whom my sister takes care of is very lovely.翻译： 【误区警示】：当定语从句的动词和介词是不可分割的固定搭配时，介词不能放到关系介词之前。当堂检测1. Well take the conditions into careful consideration you have attached to this contract.Thanks. Hope for further cooperation.AasBwhichCwhereD.what2. Do you remember a certain occasion _ you were in trouble and at that moment I gave you a hand.A. whereB. whichC. whyD. when3. There are moments_ we remember our childhood days with fondness, embarrassment, regret or mixed feelings.A. whenB. thatC. whichD. Where4. Leave him a note at the reception desk, he will learn how to find you. A. which B. from which C. with which D. on which5. -How about your job-hunting？ -No luckNow，Ive reached the stage _I dont care what I doA. which Bwhere Cwhen D. that6. More teens are smoking in Beijing, _ the number of primary and middle school students picking up the habit has more than doubled from previous years. A. which B. when C. where D. that7. I can think of many cases _the media have a strong effect on young men.A. why B. where C. as D. which 8. After graduation she reached a point in her career _ she needed to decide what to doA. thatB. what C. whichD. where9. Judging from his face_ there was a confident smile, we knew that he didnt lose heart. A. in which B. from which C. by which D. on which10.Lisa, I guess wed better fix a navigational（导航仪）to the car_ we can find our way easily.A. which B.that C.from which D.with which11. In English class, our teacher often creates an environment _we are given the opportunity to solve problems ourselves.A. when B.which C.where D. that12. A turning point for the continuously high housing price wont appear suddenly because there must be a certain process_ many factors lead to the change.A. which B. what C. where D. that13. We have spotted the location, _we thought is the site of Emperor Qin Shihuang.A. that B. what C. which D.where14. -When did the young man save you? -January 1st, 2000, the first day of the new century, _I can never forget.A.when B which C.that D.where15. Ive read all the books _you gave me.A. which B. them C. what D. that 16. There isnt much _I can do.A. what B. which C. that D. how 17. Tell us about the people and the places _are different from ours.A. that B. who C. which D. whom 18. The TV play I watched last night is the best one _I have watched this year.A. which B. what C. whose D. that 19. Last Sunday they reached Qingdao, _a conference was to be held.A. which B. that C. when D. where 20.Is this the museum_ you visited the other day?A. that B. where C. in which D. the one 21.I began to work in Beijing in the year _New China was founded.A. when B. that C. which D. where 22. There is no difficulty _cant be overcome in the world.A. that B. which C. who D. what 23. Who is the person _is standing at the gate of Beijing Tourism Tower?A. who B. that C. which D. whom 定语从句学案答案1.1） 我不能忘