介词和介词短语

初中语法综合复习全解,介词和介词短语,用合适的介词填空。Momentslater,themoonappearedslowlyfrom_theclouds.2.Mongolia(蒙古)lies_thenorthofChinawhileJapanis_theeastofChina.3.CanIgettothecitycentre_bus?4.LittleTombrokethewindow_astone.5.HowdoyoulearnEnglish?Ilearnit_theradio.,behind,on,to,by,with,on,从括号中选择合适的介词填空。1._Sunday,Icangetup_8oclock.(on,in,at)2.Thebreadwasmade_mygrandparents_theirkitchen.(of,by,in)3.Thebabywillhavedinner_halfanhour.(in,after),On,at,by,in,in,上面的题都做对了么？如果错了，你知道错在哪里了？,介词是一种用来表示词与词，或者词与句之间的关系的虚词，在句中不能单独作句子成分。它常和名词、动词、形容词等搭配，构成固定短语，表示不同意思。介词还可以与名词或代词或相当于名词的其他词类、短语或从句构成介词短语，表示方位、方向、时间、地点、方式、原因等。这些介词短语在句中可充当定语、状语、补语等。,语法精讲,介词由词形上可分为简单介词和短语介词。简单介词只是一个单词，如：in,on,after等。短语介词是由两个以上单词集合而成，如：outof,infrontof,becauseof,insteadof等。,介词的种类,表示时间的介词表示年、月、日、时刻等用at,in,on表示时间的前后用before,after表示期限等用by,until,till表示期间等用for,during,through表示时间的起点等用from,since表示时间的经过等用in,within,常用介词用法与辨析(一),点击链接,点击链接,点击链接,点击链接,点击链接,点击链接,at用于表示时刻、时间的某一点atlunch午餐时atbreakfast早餐时atnight在夜间atfirst起初attimes偶尔，有时atthesametime同时Weusuallyhavelunchatnoon/attwelve.我们通常中午吃午饭(十二点吃午饭)。注意：表示时间的名词前有this,last,next,every等修饰时，其前面不加介词。thismorning今天早上；lastMonday上周一；everyweek每周,atPleasefillintheforminpencilfirst.请先用铅笔填写这个表格。TheytalkinEnglish.他们用英语交谈。注意：in指用材料，不用冠词；而with指用工具，要用冠词。请比较：drawinpencil/drawwithapencil,其他介词,常用介词用法与辨析(五),1of(属于)的；表示的数量或种类ThisisamapofChina.Willyoupleasegivemeacupoftea?2from来自(某地、某人)；以起始(时间或地点)ImfromNanjing.我是南京人。Ihavegotaletterfrommyfriend.,3as1)as表示好像。如:Hedressedasapoliceman.2)表示作为当作。如：Ifoundajobasaguide.3)当某人是某身份时。如：Asachild,shewassenttoabroad.,介词短语,介词和动词、形容词或名词相结合后，形成复合词，有特定的意思。如下：1.动词+介词，如：talkabout,lookat2.Be动词+形容词或过去分词+介词，如:bekindof3.介词+名词，如：athome,onfoot,intime,点击链接,点击链接,点击链接,动词+介词lookup查看，查(字典)waitfor等待playwithsth.玩某物askfor询问thinkof想起，想到believein相信talkaboutsth.谈论某事breakinto闯入talkto/withsb.和某人谈论lookat注视listento倾听callonsb.拜访某人setup建立showoff炫耀stickto坚持sufferform遭受worryabout担心growup生长handdown传下来,Be动词+形容词或过去分词+介词bekindto对(某人)亲切begoodat在做得好；擅长于belatefor迟到beafraidof害怕besorryforsth.为抱歉beconfidentin对有信心beshortof缺乏besickof厌恶beworriedabout为担心beawareof意识到befullof充满Beabsentfrom缺席bebusywith忙于,介词+名词atastretch连续地atatime一次，每次atfirstsight一见(钟情)byair航空byaccident偶然bymistake错误地inasense从某种意义上说invain白白地，没有结果intheend最后onaccountof由于onbehalfof代表(某人)onfoot步行outofbreath气喘吁吁outoftemper发脾气outoforder坏了outofaction失灵ontime准时,名词+介词+名词dayafterday日复一日地oneafteranother一个接一个地littlebylittle一点一点地stepbystep一步步地facetoface面对面arminarm手挽手地handinhand手牵手地daybeforeyesterday前天hearttoheart互相交心的,包含两个介词frombeginningtoend从头至尾frombadtoworse越来越糟fromtimetotime不时地fromheadtofoot浑身frommorningtonight从早到晚fromstarttofinish从头至尾fromdoortodoor挨门挨户地fromplacetoplace到各地fromgenerationtogeneration一代一代地fromcovertocover全部地,作定语介词短语作定语时，一律后置。Thebookonthedeskismine.桌子上的书是我的。Heboughtahouseoffiverooms.他买了一所有五个房间的房子。Agentlemaninwhitecameintothehall.一个身穿白衣的绅士走进了大厅。,介词短语的用法,作状语介词短语作状语时，修饰动词、形容词、副词或者整个句子。Classesbeginateight.(修饰动词)八点钟开始上课。Janelooksyoungforherage.(修饰形容词)珍妮看起来比她的实际年龄年轻。Theschoolisnotfarfrommyhouse.(修饰形容词)Tomysurprise,LiMingpassedtheexamatall.(修饰全句),作表语Heisindanger.他处于危险之中。Weareagainst/foryou.我们反对/支持你。Itwasbecauseoftheheavyrain,wecouldntgoout.因为这场大雨，我们出不去了。,作宾语补足语Makeyourselfathome.放松一些，就和在你自己家一样。Wemadehimoutofdanger.我们使他脱离了危险。,FourChinesemodelswere_the14peopleawardedprizesonFridayattheWorldSupermodelCompetition.(2009上海)A.amongB.betweenC.alongD.beside,考点例析,解析：考查介词。句意“14名模特中的4人在周五的世界超模赛中获胜”，表示“是中间(两者以上)的几个”时，应该用介词among，故选A。,2.Seanhasformedthehabitofjogging_thetree-linedavenuefortwohourseveryday.(2010上海)A.betweenB.alongC.belowD.with,解析：考查介词。句意“Sean已经养成习惯，每天要沿着林荫道慢跑两小时”，介词“along”可表示“沿着，顺着”，故选B。,3.Tryonthisredskirt;youwilllookgreat_it.(2009重庆)A.onB.byC.inD.for,解析：考查介词。英语中介词in表示“穿着、戴着”的意义时，表状态，常用于名词后作定语或表语，如：themaninabluehat戴着蓝帽子的那个男人。故选C。,4.Wow!Tenstudentsinourclasswillcelebratetheirfourteenthbirthdays_October.【2013上海】A.inB.onC.atD.to,【解析】考查介词。在月份前面用介词in。故选A。,5.Thechemicalsinthevegetablesandfruitarebad_ourhealth.【2013上海】A.fromB.withC.ofD.for,【解析】考查介词。bebadfor为固定搭配，意为“对有害”。故选D。,6.Weareplanningtohaveasurpriseparty_herfifteenthbirthday.【2013陕西】A.atB.inC.forD.with,【解析】考查介词。句意：我们正在计划为她的15岁生日举办一个让她意外的聚会。for表示“为了”。故选C。,7.Excuseme.CouldyoutellmethewaytothePeoplesHospital?Walkalongthisstreet_theendandyoullfinditonyourleft.【2013山东威海】A.inB.toC.byD.at,【解析】考查介词。in在里面；to表示方向；by在旁边；at表示在某一时刻或小地方。此处为走到路的尽头，表示方向。故选B。,8.HowcanIgetmoreinformationaboutthedonationtoYaan?Youcane-mailMrWang_yaanearthquake.【2013江苏泰州】A.onB.inC.atD.by,【解析】考查介词。e-mailsb.at发送邮件到，故选C。,9.-Whydoyoualwayssleep_?-BecauseImafraidofthedark.【2013山东烟台】A.byyourselfB.withthedooropenC.withthewindowopenD.withthelighton,【解析】考查短语在语境中的辨析。byyourself独自；withthedooropen开着门；withthewindowopen开着窗；withthelighton开着灯。据答语可知上文应该为“为什么开着灯睡觉”。故选D。,10.DoyouknowMuYan?Ofcourse,Hewonthe2012NobelPrizeforLiterature_theageof57.【2013江苏南京】A.inB.atC.onD.to,【解析】考查介词短语。attheageof是固定短语，意为“在岁时”。故选B。,11.WhendidtheearthquakeinLushanhappen?Ithappened_8:02_themorningofApril20,2013.【2013广东梅州】A.on;inB.at;inC.at;onD.on;on,【解析】考查介词辨析。某时刻前用介词at;具体到某天的上午、下午或晚上用介词on。故选C。,12.Idlikeacupofblackcoffee.Whataboutyou,Maggie?Iprefercoffee_sugar.【2013江苏连云港】A.thanB.forC.withD.to,【解析】考查介词辨析。than“比”，for“为”，with“和”，to“向”。根据句意：“我更喜欢咖啡加牛奶。”，选C。,13.Theoldmanisagoodswimmer,andevennowheoftenswims_TuojiangRiveraftersupper.【2013四川内江】A.overB.throughC.toD.across,【解析】考查介词。over“在上面”，through“从中间穿过”，to“到达”，across“从表面穿过”，所以是用across表示游泳跨越江河，从一边到另一边，故选D。,14.DidyougototheexhibitiononMay18th?Ofcourse.ThereweremanykindsofTaiwanfruits_.【2013福建福州】A.onshowB.ondutyC.onbusiness,【解析】考查固定短语。onshow展出；onduty值班；onbusiness出差。故选A。,15.Theteachershopeallofuscanhand_ourhomework_timeeveryday.【2013湖北黄石】A.up;inB.out;onC.on;inD.in;on,【解析】考查介词。handin上交；ontime按时；intime及时；根据句意：“老师希望我们每天都能按时交作业”。故选D。,16.Dontaskhimtostudytoolateintothenight._,heisonlyasmallchild.【2013山东聊城】A.AsaresultB.AfterallC.BestofallD.Forexample,【解析】考查介词短语的区别。asaresult“结果”，afterall“毕竟”，bestofall“最好的”，forexample“例如”，根据句意“不要让他晚上熬夜学得太晚，他毕竟是个孩子。”故选B。,17.Maybeyoushouldcallhimup.ButIdontwanttotalkwithhim_thephone.【2013山东济宁】A.onB.atC.inD.with,【解析】考查介词。onthephone是固定搭配，意为“通过电话”。故选A。,18.WhenisJaysconcert?Its_threeoclock_theafternoonofJuly18th.【2013湖北黄冈】A.at;inB.at;onC.on;inD.in;on,【答案】考查介词。在几点钟前面用at，在某一天上午、下午、晚上之前用on，故选B。,Individualactivity,注:另附word文档。点击此处链接,1.ThesedaysIambusy_myprojectonpollution.2.Myteacherwasveryangry_mebecauseIwaslate_schoolagain.3.Willyouinviteanyfriends_yourthirteenthbirthdayparty?4.Howlonghasheworked_anEnglishteacher?5.Myunclearrived_thetrainstation_themorningofMay3.,I.用合适的介词填空。,with,with,for,to,as,at,on,6.Yesterday,themankeptwaitingfortheManager_3oclockintheafternoon.7.Hehasbeenaway_China_threeyearsago.8.Themotherwasgivenabunchofflowers_herchildren.9.Mysisterisilltoday.Shedoesntfeel_doinganything.10.Theanimalsaretoodangerous.Youmustkeepthechildrenaway_them.,until,from,since,by,like,from,1.Theworkershadtowork_twelvehoursaday_arest.A.since;withB.at;withoutC.about;havingD.for;without2.Iworkedontheproblem_alongtimeandatlastIworkeditout_myself.A.for;byB.in;withC.on;byD.for;in,II.选择填空。,3.Anewfactorywillbesetup_ayear.Itwillbedesigned_agreatarchitect.A.for;byB.in;byC.after;forD.on;for4.Thefamousmoviestarwillarrive_Shanghai_9:30_March3rd.A.at;on;atB.at;in;onC.in;at;inD.in;at;on,5.MrBrownwasill,soIwillteachthestudents_him.A.inchargeofB.aheadofC.insteadofD.withthehelpof6.Remembertospendsometime_yourfamily.Theyareimportanttoyou.A.fromB.withC.inD.on,7.Thefirstday_JuneisChildrensDay.Eachkidishappy_thatday.A.in;inB.on;inC.on;onD.in;on8.Herearesomebirthdaycards_MrsGu,_ourbestwishes.A.of;withB.for;withC.of;inD.for;in,9.OnSaturdays,wetravel_differenttownsandplay_teams_otherschoolsA.to;with;fromB.in;with;ofC.in;against;fromD.to;against;of10.Werunaninternationalschool_children_512A.for;atB.about;atC.for;ofD.about;of,11.Theteacherwillbeback_anhour.A.inB.afterC.onD.at12.Itshot_summerinBeijing.A.byB.onC.atD.in13.Thedesksandchairsaremade_wood.A.fromB.ofC.byD.in14.Chinaisfamous_herGreatWall.A.asB.forC.toD.of,15.Whatdoyoumean_sayingso?A.withB.ofC.forD.by16.Taiwanis_thesoutheastofChina.A.inB.toC.onD.at17.Ourteachertoldustolook_thenewwordsinthedictionary.A.forB.upC.atD.into18.Shewasborn_September,1990.A.atB.onC.inD.to,19.Thesecoatsaredifferent_thecoatsoverthere.A.inB.onC.atD.from20.Thankyouverymuch_lendingtheeraser_me.A.for;atB.to;toC.for;toD.to;for21.Sinceyouare_trouble,whynotask_help?A.in;forB.in;toC.with;forD.with;to,22.Noonecanstopher_leavingforChina.A.ofB.fromC.toD.for23.WhendidMr.Gre