介词和介词短语《破解2020年中考英语之易错易混点丢分题》（原卷版）

【2019 安徽省】On sunny days, my grandma often reads a novel _ the window. A. byB. forC. withD. from【答案】A【解析】句意：在晴朗的日子里，我的奶奶经常在窗户旁边读小说。by在旁边；通过方式；for为了，因为；with和一起；用；from来自，从。根据句意可知，这里考查短语by the window在窗户旁边，故应选A。此题中stand by the window站在窗户的旁边，by表示在旁边，在附近。此题需要考生区分past，through，across和by的区别，past经过；through穿过，指从事物内部通过；across横穿，指从事物的一边到了另一边；by加地点名词，表示在旁边。掌握住这几个词的区别，是做这道题的关键。by作为介词，有很多种意思，通过；被；依据；经由；在附近；在之前。by通过方法、手段by+交通工具的词组：by bicycle骑自行车by train坐火车by plane/by air坐飞机by taxi坐出租车by car坐小汽车by ship坐船by bus坐公共汽车 【2019 江苏无锡中考】Lets take a walk _ the river after diner, shall we? A. alongB. throughC. uponD. over【参考答案】A【试题解析】句意：饭后我们沿河散步，好吗？A. along沿着的某处(或旁边)；B. through穿过；C. upon强调数目或数量大；D. over悬在上面。结合语境可知，应该是饭后我们沿河散步，故排除C/D；along 表示“沿着”，通常用于狭长的东西。through表示“横过”或“穿过”，表示从某个空间内部“穿过”，涉及“体”的概念。本题是指沿着河边散步。故选A。考生掌握住这几个词的用法和区别，就能做对这道题。outside在外面；inside在里面；beside在旁边；behind在后面。in front of，behind，opposite in front of在的前面；在的前部 There is a tree in front of the house. There is a big desk for the teacher in the front of the classroom. 在教室的前部有一张大讲桌。 behind在后面 behind是in front of的反义词 There is a tree behind my house. 我家房子后面有一颗树。There is a tree at the back of my house. 我家房子后面有一棵树。 opposite在对面 Our school is opposite a university. 我们学校在一所大学的对面。 He stood opposite me. 他站在我对面。【2018湖北十堰)】Your sweater looks nice. Is it made of wool? Yes, and its made _ Shanghai. A. by B. in C. for D. from【参考答案】B 【试题解析】考查介词的用法 句意：你的毛衣看起来很漂亮。它是纯毛的？是的，在上海制造的。表示“在某地制造”用be made in。故选B。此题考查be made of的用法，掌握住be made of和be made in的区别，是做这道题的关键。be made in在制造，后接地点名词，如made in China，而be made of由做成，后面跟的是材料名词。be made from 和be made of的区别be made from和be made of都可以表示物体由什么材料制成，区别如下：be made from表示材料时，一般表示物质做成这个物体时已经发生了化学变化，我们从物体的外观上已看不出原来的材料，如：Wine is made from grapes. 葡萄酒由葡萄制成。（葡萄糖是由酒化酶的催化作用下发酵变成酒精的，已发生了化学变化）Paper is made of wood. 纸张是由木头做成的。（纸中已看不出它的原材料是木头）Bread is made from flour. 面包由面粉做成。be made of表示材料，一般表示从物体的外观上看得出原来的材料，这些材料在做成这个物体时，只是发生了一些物理变化，也可以用be made out of表示材料，如：This salad is made of cucumber and lettuce. 这种沙拉是由小黄瓜和莴苣做成的。This pair of shoes is made of leather. 这双鞋子是由皮革做成的。I made my bicycle out of four old ones. 我用四辆旧的自行车拼成了我的自行车。介词of和from的区别of（属于）的；表示的数量或种类This is a map of china. 这是一幅中国地图。Will you please give me a cup of tea? 请您给我一杯茶好吗？from来自（某地、某人）；以起始（时间或地点）Im from Nanjing. 我是南京人。 We work from Monday to Friday. 我们从星期一到星期五上班。【2019 山东省滨州市】I want to watch TV the whole day after the long journey. You shouldnt watch TV too much. Its bad _ your eyes. A. onB. inC. forD. with【参考答案】C【试题解析】句意：长途旅行后我想看一整天的电视。你不应该看电视太多。它对你的眼睛有害。考查介词辨析。be bad for有害于，固定短语；根据You shouldnt watch TV too much.可知看电视太多对眼睛有害，故选C。此题考生掌握住be good at和be good in的区别和用法，就能做对这道题了。be good at擅长，经常指长期某一方面表现好；be good in在方面表现出色，往往表示某一次的效果。be good at / be good with / be good to / be good for 的区别be good 后接不同的介词，表达的意思也不同。 1）be good at 意为擅长，后接名词、代词或ving形式。Im good at playing chess. 我擅长下象棋。 2）be good with意为灵巧的；与相处得好。 She is good with her hands. 她手很巧。 He is very good with the children. 他与这些孩子处得很好。 3）be good to意为对友好。 My friend was good to me when I was ill. 我生病时我的朋友对我关怀备至。 4）be good for意为 对有好处。Eating more vegetables is good for your health. 多吃蔬菜对你的健康有好处。at, on与in的区别at常用于钟点（某时某刻）前或某些固定短语中at 8:00 在8点钟at night 在晚上on常用于日期、星期几等具体某天前，也用于具体某天的上午、下午或晚上前on June 11th在6月11日on Friday 在星期五in常用于月、年、季节等前，也可用于一天中的上午、下午或晚上前in 2006 在2006年in May 在五月in winter 在冬天in the morning 在早上at用于表示时刻、时间的某一点at lunch在午饭时 at breakfast早餐时 at noon正午时 at night在夜间at that time那时 at the moment此刻，目前 at the same time同时at times偶尔，有时at nine在九点钟 at first开始的时候，起初 at last最后 We usually have lunch at noon/ at twelve. 我们通常中午吃午饭（十二点吃午饭）。注意：表示时间的名词前有this, last, next, every等修饰时，其前面不加介词。this morning今天早上last Monday上周一every week每周on用于表示某天，某一天的上、下午（指具体的某一时，一律用on）on Monday 在周一 on Monday evening 在周一晚上 on Tuesday morning 在周二早上 on June 6在6月6日 on May 4,2016 在2016年5月4日 on a cold night在一个寒冷的夜晚 on that day在那天 on Christmas Day在圣诞节那天 on time准时 on the night of July（the）first 在七月一日的夜晚 We didnt listen to the lecture on Wednesday afternoon. 周三下午我们没去听演讲。in用于表示周、月、 季节、年和泛指的上午、下午、晚上（指在一段时间内）。in the week在这周 in the holiday在假期中in May 在五月 in 1995在1995年 in summer在夏季 in Spring在春季 in autumn在秋季 in winter在冬季 in September, 1995 在1995年9月 in the morning 在上午 in the afternoon 在下午 in the evening在晚上 in the 21st century在二十一世纪 in time及时in an hour一个小时后 in a minute一会儿，立刻 The plane took off on time.飞机准时起飞了。 People go skating in winter. 人们冬天去滑冰。 Do they work in the day time or at night? 他们是白天工作还是夜里工作？ 1. 介词by的用法；2. 介词inside的用法；3. 介词of和from的区别；4. at, on与in的区别。1.【2019 广西百色市】My brother joined the army_September last year A. onB. byC. atD. in2.【2019 凉山州】Look, there is a cute bird, Mom. It flew into our kitchen the window just now, Alex. A. acrossB. throughC. aboveD. under3.【2019 湖北省咸宁市】Thanks to our government, we can have a new library next week. Thats great! And we will read books there_ a month. A. beforeB. inC. byD. until4.【2019 江苏省南京市】Xinhua Zidian, or the New Chinese Dictionary, was first published _1953. AonBinCatDfor5.【2019 四川省广元市】What time do you usually get up? _ 7:00. A. AtB. InC. On6.【2019 河南省】Shall I help you go the street, Grandpa? No, thanks. I can manage it myself. A. onB. withC. acrossD. along7.【2019 吉林省】Excuse me. Where is the nearest bookstore? Go Center Street and you ll find it. A. ForB. alongC. with8.【2019 南通市】Its been 100 years since the May Fourth Movement took place May 4, 1919. A. forB. inC. atD. on9.【2019 天水市】Most of the villagers took part in the Dragon Boat races 9:00 a. m. the morning of June 7. A. at; inB. on; onC. on; inD. at; on10.【2019 广西贵港市】Is Mr Green at school？ Sorry, I dont know. But you can call him 340-5261 AinBWithCbyDat11.【2019 辽宁省本溪市】Could you tell me how I can improve my English? Sure. _, you could speak it as much as possible. AAfter allBIn the end CBy the wayDFirst of all12.【2019 内蒙古呼和浩特市】Ben was helping his mother when the rain began to beat heavily _the windows. A. against B. across C. above D. below1. (广东珠海市北大附中2020届九年级上学期10月调研) I think its polite _ the young to offer seats to the old. Yeah, and its necessary _ us to do so.A. of; forB. of; ofC. for; ofD. for; for2. (北京市上地实验学校2019-2020学年九年级上学期第二次统练）In America, Fathers Day is _ the third Sunday of June.A. inB. ofC. atD. on3. (北京市西城区九年级模拟测试)Please wake me up _ 5 oclock. I have to catch the early train.A. atB. inC. onD. for4. (2019年广西省北部湾经济区中考英语模拟) Themantriedseveraltimestostartthecar andhesucceeded A. inthepastB. intheendC. atfirstD. atonce5. (河南省南阳市内乡县2019届九年级中招一模) E-tickets will be used for high-speed trains _ the country in 2019. Passengers can enter the station by simply using their ID card.A. besideB. beforeC. acrossD. for6. (安徽省桐城市第二中学2019届九年级下学期第三次模拟).Forcing yourself to do well _ things _ which you arent good is not the best way to be successful.A. in, atB. in,inC. at, inD. at, at7. (山东滨州部分学校2019-2020学年九年级上学期第一次月考).On April Fools Day people enjoy playing tricks _ their friends.A. forB. ofC. inD. on8. (北京市上地实验学校2019-2020学年九年级上学期第二次统练) In America, Fathers Day is _ the third Sunday of June.A. inB. ofC. atD. on9. (广东省江门市2019-2020学年度第一学期期中调研) ._ the Hope Project started, it has helped thousands of students return to school.A. For B. When C. Since D. Before10. (珠海市北大附属实验学校初中部2020届九年级上学期10月)I think its