高二虚拟语气用法解()PPT课件.ppt

.,1,条件句表示主句的条件,分真实条件句和虚拟条件句两种。,a.真实条件句表示条件是真的或有可能实现的,采用陈述语气。b.虚拟条件句表示条件是无法实现或几乎无法实现的,采用虚拟语气。,SubjunctiveMood虚拟语气,.,2,一、用法归纳:,虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法,主从句,构成,时态,虚拟条件从句(if),主句,与现在事实相反的假设,与过去事实相反的假设,If+主语+did(be用were),主语+would/should/could/might+do,If+主语+haddone,主语+would/should/could/mighthavedone,.,3,主从句,构成,虚拟条件从句(if),主句,与将来情况相反的假设,If+主语+didIf+主语+weretodoIf+主语+shoulddo,主语+would/should/could/mightdo,时态,.,4,二虚拟语气在条件从句中的应用,1）与现在事实相反从句谓语：主句谓语：IfIwereyou,Iwouldgothere.,过去时,would,should,could,might+动词原形,注意：在虚拟语气中，只能用were，不能用was.,IfIhadalotofmoneyIwouldbuyavilla.,.,5,三与将来事实相反从句谓语：主句谓语：IfitwereSundaytomorrow,Ishouldgotoseeafilm.IfheshouldhavetimenextSunday,hewouldgotovisittheGreatWall.IfIweretobetwentynextyear,Icouldtakethecourse.,1）过去时,would,should,could,might+动词原形,2）should+动词原形,3)wereto+动词原形,.,6,四与过去事实相反从句谓语：主句谓语：Ifhehadcomeearlier,hewouldhaveseenher.,had+动词的过去分词,would,should,could,might+have+动词的过去分词,Ifhehaddrivenmorecarefully,hewouldnothavehadthecaraccidentyesterday,.,7,HadIhadtime,Iwouldhavegonetoseethefilm.,=IfIhadhadtime,Iwouldhavegonetoseethefilm.,五在虚拟语气的条件从句中，可以省略if，但要把状语从句变成一般疑问句语序。,_today,hewouldgetthereonFriday.WasheleavingB.IfheleavesC.WerehetoleaveD.Ifheisleaving,C,.,8,六有时虚拟语气的条件从句不用if引导，而用butfor,without,ifonly,otherwise等词。Butforyourhelp,IcouldnthavemadesuchgreatprogressinEnglish.Withoutair,wecouldntlive.3)Ifonlytheweatherwerefine.4)Ihadbeentherebytaxi,otherwiseIwouldhavemissedthetrain.,以butfor,without开头的句子，谓语动词的形式和if的主句的一致。,主、从句的谓语动词的形式都和if从句相一致。,以Ifonly开头的句子，谓语动词的形式和if从句的一致。,.,9,七有时虚拟条件从句与主句的时间不一致，出现混合虚拟语气结构。,Ifhehadfollowedthedoctorsadvice,hewouldbewell.IfIwereyouIwouldnothavegonetoseethefilmyesterday.,在混合虚拟语气结构中，从句表示的动作与主句表示的动作的时间不一致，这时主、从句谓语动词的形式要根据它们发生的时间进行调整。,.,10,ShetalkedaboutAmericaasifhehadbeenbornthere.Hesingsasthoughhewereasinger.,八、由asif或asthough引导的状语从句，其谓语动词用过去式或had+动词的过去分词。,1)Heappearsasthoughhe_anItalian.A.wereB.wasC.hasbeenD.be2)Itseemsasifhe_thereyesterday.A.wasB.wereC.hasbeenD.hadbeen,A,D,.,11,九、虚拟语气在宾语从句中的应用,(1）*wish+宾语从句IwishIwereadoctor.IwishIshouldgoabroadnextyear.3)IwishIhadseenthefootballmatch.,与现在事实相反，宾语从句的谓语动词用过去时。,与将来事实相反，宾语从句的谓语动词用should,would,could,might+动词原形。,与过去事实相反，宾语从句的谓语动词用过去完成时。,.,12,(2)*suggest等+宾语从句。这类动词有：order,insist,demand,desire,command,propose,request等。Theteachersuggestedthatoursportsmeeting(should)beputofftillnextweek.Theheadmasterorderedthatallofthestudents(should)behereontime.Heinsistedthatwe(should)attendthemeeting.,在宾语从句中，谓语动词用should+动词原形，should可省略。,.,13,在command,order,require,demand,request,insist,propose,suggest等动词后面的宾语从句，要用虚拟语气，其谓语动词用(should)+动词原形Wesuggestthatwe(should)haveameeting.Weinsistedthatthey(should)gowithus.,记住：insist/suggest各有两种意思，要用不同的语气Insist表示“坚决要求”时，用虚拟形式，即should+do;Insist表示“坚称，坚持说”时，用陈述语气，表示事实。Suggest表示“建议”时，用虚拟形式。Suggest表示“表明、暗示”时，用陈述语气。,.,14,注意：insist,suggest后接的宾语从句不用虚拟语气的情况。,sheinsistedthatshewasright.2)Thelookonhisfacesuggestedthathewasunhappy.,当insist的意思是坚持某人自己的观点时，后接的宾语从句不能用虚拟语气。,当suggest的意思是暗示、表明时，后接的宾语从句不能用虚拟语气。,.,15,Mysuggestionisthatyou(should)visitthefarm.Hisideaisthatthestudents(should)makeaplan.,(3）*句中有suggestion,plan,idea,order,requirement,motion,recommendation,proposal等名词，其后的表语从句或同位语从句中的谓语动词用(should)+动词原形。,.,16,虚拟语气用于表语从句，同位语从句中。名词advice,order,demand,proposal,command,requirement,insistence,suggestion,request等的表语从句和同位语从句要用虚拟语气，其谓语动词的构成是(should)+动词原形Weallagreedtohissuggestionthatwe(should)gotoBeijingforoursummervocation.,.,17,(4）*记住下面几个句型：,natural/important/necessary/impossiblesurprising/strange/funny/essentialItis+thatrequested/suggested/desired/proposedapity/amatterofregret/ashame/nowonder,从句的谓语动词用(should)+动词原形,.,18,在主语从句中，谓语动词可以用虚拟语气表示惊奇，不相信，惋惜，理应如此等主观的情感,其谓语动词用(should)+动词原形。1.Itisimportantthatwe(should)cleantheroomeveryday.(necessary,natural,strange,etc.)2.Itisapitythatyou(should)besocareless.(ashame,nowonder,etc.)3.ItissuggestedthatMissLiu(should)giveaperformanceattheparty.(decided,ordered,requested,proposed,etc),.,19,2.Itstimethatwehad(或shouldhave)aclass.,在Itsabout/hightimethat句型中，从句的谓语动词用过去时或shoulddosth.,3.Iwouldratheryoufinishedtheworktoday.Iwouldratheryoufinishedtheworktomorrow.Idratheryouhadfinishedtheworkyesterday.,在wouldrather句型中，与过去事实相反，从句的谓语动词用过去完成时；与现在、将来事实相反，从句的谓语动词用过去时。,.,20,1.错综时间条件句,Ifyouhadlistenedtome,youwouldntbeinsuchtroublenow.Ifthedoctorhadcomeintime,Amywouldstillbealive.Ifhehadreceivedsixmorevotes,hewouldbeourchairmannow.,十几种特殊情况,.,21,十一If可能被省略,从句要倒装,Weresheincharge(=Ifshewereincharge),shewoulddothingsdifferently.HadIknownyouraddress(=IfIhadknownyouraddress),Iwouldhavewrittenbefore.Shouldyouchangeyourmind(=Ifyoushouldchangeyourmind),noonewouldblameyou.,.,22,十二不含条件从句,但有条件假设意义,Withoutyourhelp,Icouldnthaveachievedallthis.(Ifithadntbeenforyourhelp)2.Butforhispension,hewouldstarve.(Ifitwerenotforhispension),.,23,十三Ifonly意为：若是.那该多好啊;真希望.;只要,只要.就好IfonlyIhadarrivedintime!Ifonlyshedidntdrivesofast.,IfonlyIwereabird.IfonlyIhadtakenhisadvice,.,24,十四由sothat,inorderthat引导的目的状语从句中用虚拟语气,其谓语形式为may(might),can(could)+动词原形.,SpeakloudersothatIcanhearyou.Hegotupmuchearlierthismorninginorderthathemightcatchthefirstbustothecity.,IwenttothecinemaearlysothatIcouldfindagoodseat.,.,25,虚拟语气是一种动词形式，表示说话人的一种愿望，假设，怀疑，建议等含义，虚拟语气所表示的含义不是客观存在的事实。,SubjunctiveMood,IwishpeoplewouldfindoutaboutthefactsandnotactasifIwereabadordangerousperson.IfIwereyou,IwouldgiveanAIDSpatientahug.,.,26,条件句可分为两类，一类为真实条件句，一类为非真实条件句。非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况，故采用虚拟语气。,一、虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法。,虚拟语气常见用法,Thevolleyballmatchwillbeputoffifitrains.,Fact!,Theweathermanforecastednorainfortomorrow;butifitshouldraintomorrow,theywouldntgoforanouting.,.,27,二虚拟语气假设条件句型注意点：,1.非真实条件从句谓语动词发生的时间与主句的谓语动词不一致，叫做错综条件虚拟语气,也称为混合虚拟。主句和从句的谓语动词要依照假设的时间而定。如果你开车时不是太快，现在你就不会在医院了。Ifyouhadntdriventoofast,youwouldntbeinhospitalnow.,.,28,2.假设条件虚拟倒装。条件从句中有should，were，had三个助动词可以把if省略，并将这三个词提至句首。IfIwereyou,Iwouldgiveitup.WereIyou,Iwouldgiveitup.Ifyouhadntbrokentherule,youwouldntbeintroublesnow.Hadyounotbrokentherule,youwouldntbeintroublen