【高中英语主谓一致复习要领】

【高中英语主谓一致复习要领】 在中学英语教学和高考英语复习中，辨析清楚英语主语和谓语的一致关系，通常是教师和学生难解的问题。我结合多年的教学实践，阐释并辨析英语主语和谓语的一致关系。 一、主谓一致的基本用法 1.并列结构作主语，且当意义为复数时，谓语用复数形式。 注意:当主语由and连结时，如果它表示一个单一的概念，即指同一人或物时，谓语动词用单数，and连接的两个名词前只用一个冠词。如： The writer and teacher Smith has gone through millions of ups and downs since he moved to Sydney. 2.主谓一致中的靠近原则。 （1）当there be句型的主语是一系列事物时，谓语应与最近的主语保持一致。如： There is a bowl，two knives and several forks on the table. There are thirty boy-students and twenty-five girl-students in the class. （2）在由not only .but also .，not just . but .，or，neither . nor .，either . or .连接主语的句子中，谓语动词的单复数遵循就近一致原则，即按与谓语动词最靠近的那个主语来确定谓语动词的单复数形式。如： Not only Mary but also I am going to London next week. 3.谓语动词与前面的主语一致。 当主语后面跟有with，together with，like，except，but，as well as 等词引起的短语时，谓语动词与前面的主语一致。如： The teacher together with his students is discussing Writing Skills that was newly published in China. 4.谓语动词与后接名词或代词保持一致。 （1）用half of，part of，most of 等词引起主语时，动词通常与of后面的名词或代词保持一致。如： Most of her money is spent on dress. （2）在more than . of 作主语时，动词应与其后的名词或代词保持一致。如： More than 60 percent of the students are from the city. 5.谓语用单数。 （1）主语中含有each，every时，谓语动词需用单数。如： Each boy gets a present. （2）当主语是一本书或一条格言时，谓语动词常用单数。如： The Arabian Nights is a book known to lovers of English. （3）表示金钱、时间、距离、价格或度量衡的复合名词作主语时，通常把这些名词看作一个整体，谓语多用单数。（用复数也可，意思不变）如： Two weeks is allowed for preparing for the examination. 6.指代意义决定谓语的单复数。 （1）代词what，which，who，none，some，any，most，all等词后面的谓语动词的单复数由其指代的词的单复数决定。如： All is right. All are present. （2）集体名词作主语时，谓语的单复数要根据主语的意思来决定，如family，audience，crowd，class，pany，mittee等词后用复数形式时，意为这个集体中的各个成员，用单数时表示整个集体。如： The mittee is made up of 12 people. Her family are music lovers. 但集合名词people，police，cattle等在任何情况下后面的谓语动词都用复数形式. Are there any police around？ （3）有些名词，如variety，number，population，majority等构成的表示“一些”的词组作主语时，有时看作单数，有时看作复数。如： A number of+名词复数+复数动词 The number of +名词复数+单数动词 The number of the students in our school is over 3，000. 二、主谓一致中的“表里不一”现象 1.“more than one +名词”作主语时，从意义上看是复数，但谓语动词常用单数。例如: More than one high official has been questioned by the police since the mayor was shot dead. 2.“many a +名词”作主语时，从意义上看是复数，但谓语动词常用单数。例如: Many a student has been sent to plant trees. 3.What引导的