关于“创新”的多种表达法

.新词语介 绍关于“创新”的多种表达法连真然创新是国家竞争力的核心，是统领我国未来科技发展的战略主线。今年1月9日，国家主席胡锦涛在全国科学技术大会上的讲话中提出 “为建设创新型国家而努力奋斗”。那么，“创新”是什么意思呢？根据现代汉语词典（第5版，第214页）的解释，“创新”就是“抛弃旧的，创造新的”。下面介绍英语中的关于“创新”的多种表达法，供读者参考。一、搭配1. 名词词组（1）innovation ability / capability / capacity 创新能力（2）innovation awareness / consciousness / sense 创新意识（3）innovation base 创新基地（4）innovation enterprise 创新企业（5）innovation mechanism 创新机制（6）innovation research 创新研究（7）innovation success 创新成就（8）innovation system 创新体制（9）innovation theory 创新理论（10）innovation vitality 创新活力（11）innovation patent 创新发明专利2. 形容词词组（1）a creative / initiative / innovative / pioneering spirit 创新精神（2）a creative artist 富有创新精神的艺术家（3）a creative designer 富有创新精神的设计师（4）a creative mind 创新头脑（5）a creative programmer 富有创新精神的程序设计员（6）a creative solution 创新的解决办法（7）a daring innovation 大胆创新（8）a welcome innovation 可喜的创新（9）an innovation-oriented city 创新型城市（10）an innovation-oriented country 创新型国家（11）an innovation-oriented enterprise 创新型企业（12）an innovative enterpriser 富有创新精神的企业家（13）an innovative learning habit 创新学习习惯（14）an innovative mechanism 创新机制（15）an original poet 富有创新精神的诗人（16）an original painter 富有创新精神的画家（17）an original writer 富有创新精神的作家（18）creative abilities 创新能力（19）creative engineering 创新工程学，创造性工程学（20）creative learning 创新学习，创造性学习（21）creative talents 创新人才（22）creative thinking 创新思维，创造性思维（23）cultural innovation 文化创新（24）educational innovation 教育创新（25）innovation-oriented laws 创新型法律（26）innovation-oriented regulations 创新型法规；创新型规章（27）innovation-oriented scientific and technological plans 创新型科技规划（28）innovative achievements 创新成果（29）innovative business / enterprise 创新企业（30）innovative awareness / consciousness / sense 创新意识（31）innovative design 创新设计（32）innovative education 创新教育（33）innovative ideas 创新思想，富有创新精神的观念（34）innovative learning 创新学习（35）innovative products 创新产品，新产品（36）innovative technology 创新技术（37）innovative theory 创新理论（38）innovative thinking 创新思维（39）innovative undertaking 创新事业（40）institutional innovation 制度创新（41）original creation 创新，原始创新（42）pioneering techniques 创新技术；创新工艺（43）product-adding innovation 增加产品的创新（44）product-replacing innovation 置换产品的创新（45）scientific and technological innovation 科技创新（46）theoretical innovation 理论创新3. 介词词组（1）a vitally important innovation in industry 工业上一项具有重大意义的创新（2）an important innovation in publishing 出版业上一项重大的创新（3）the capability of innovation 创新能力（4）the efficiency of innovation 创新效率（5）the innovation of air travel during this century 本世纪航空旅行的创新（6）the innovation vitality of the entire society 全社会的创新活力（7）the key of scientific innovation 科学创新的关键（8）innovation in culture 文化创新（9）innovation in education 教育创新（10）innovation in knowledge 知识创新（11）innovation in technique 工艺创新；技术创新（12）innovation in theory 理论创新（13）in innovative practice 在创新实践中（14）in the innovative undertaking 在创新事业中（15）in the scientific and technological innovation 在科技创新中（16）recent innovation in printing techniques 最近的印刷技术创新（17）technical innovation in equipment maintenance 设备维修的技术创新（18）technical innovation in industry 工业上的技术创新（19）theoretical innovation in scientific research 科研上的理论创新4. 动词词组（1）adhere to innovation 坚持创新（2）build up an innovation-oriented country 建设创新型国家（3）conduct innovation 引导创新（4）develop innovative culture 发展创新文化（5）develop originality 培养创新（6）encourage originality 鼓励创新（7）encourage the innovation vitality of the entire society激发全社会的创新活力（8）enhance Chinas innovation capability 增强中国的自主创新能力（9）foster / nurture / train innovation-oriented talents 培养创新型人才（10）increase investment into the scientific and technological innovation 增加对科技创新的投入（11）increase the efficiency of innovation 提高创新效率（12）innovate in techniques 创新技术；创新工艺（13）keep innovating 不断创新（14）lack originality 缺乏创新（15）make an attempt at originality 试图创新（16）make innovations 创新（17）oppose innovation 反对创新（18）promote innovation 促进创新（19）raise innovation capability（=raise the capability of innovation） 提高创新能力（20）stifle innovation 抑制创新（21）work to build up an innovation-oriented country 为建设创新型国家而努力奋斗二、用法1. innovation可作不可数名词，也可作可数名词。泛指“创新”，是不可数名词，其前不加不定冠词a或an，也不用复数形式；表示具体的一项或几项“创新”，是可数名词，其前要加不定冠词a或an，也可用复数形式。例如：(1) Innovation is the core of the nations competitiveness and the strategic motif of Chinas future scientific and technological development. 创新是国家竞争力的核心，是统领中国未来科技发展的战略主线。(2) The real core technologies cannot be purchased but can only be achieved by innovation. 真正的核心技术是买不来的，只有通过自主创新才能获得。(3) The factory has introduced a vitally important innovation in industry. 那家工厂采用了一项工业上具有重大意义的创新。(4) The doctor has made innovations in recovery techniques in practice. 那位医生在实践中创新了多项康复技术。2. innovation后接介词in，表示“在方面创新”。例如：(1) The printing house has introduced an important innovation in publishing. 那家印刷厂采用了一项出版业上的重大创新。(2) The process engineer has made many innovations in technological process. 工艺工程师在工艺流程上作了多项创新。三、辨析1. innovation，originality这两个名词虽然都表示“创新”，但侧重点不同：innovation 强调“改革”、“革新”，使用广泛，如体制、理论、科技、技术、艺术、设计、方法等。originality 强调“独创性”、“新颖”，使用面较窄，如作品、设计、工艺等。例如：(1) Talented people are the key of the scientific and technological innovation. 科技创新，关键在人才。(2) An incentive mechanism innovation should be formed to increase the efficiency of innovation and provide more chances for the young talented people. 应该形成激励机制，提高创新效率，为年轻人才施展才干提供更多的机会。(3) The members of a review committee will be looking for originality as well as for style and content. 评委们不仅要看风格和内涵而且要看创新。(4) His work does not show much originality. 他的作品缺乏创新。2. creative,innovative,original这三个形容词都表示“创新的”，但侧重点不同。creative 强调“创造性的”、“有创造力的”；innovative 强调“革新的”、“富有创新精神的”；original 强调“独创的”、“新颖的”。例如：(1) Every one of us should have a creative spirit. 我们每个人都应具有创新精神。(2) Favorable environment can stimulate peoples creative inspiration. 良好的环境能激发人们的创新灵感。(3) Students should form an innovative learning habit. 学生应养成创新的学习习惯。(4) Inventors are innovative people. 发明家都是富有创新精神的人。(5) Edison had an original mind. 爱迪生具有创新头脑。(6) The plan of the work is original with the author. 这部作品的构思是作者个人的创新。四、句型1. be bold / brave / courageous in innovation 表示“勇于创新”，句型中的介词in后可接名词或动名词。例如：Everyone should be bold in innovation.=Everyone should be brave in innovation.=Everyone should be courageous in innovation.=Everyone should be bold in making innovations.=Everyone should be brave in making innovations. Everyone should be courageous in making innovations. 人人都要勇于创新。2. be bold / courageous enough to make innovations in 表示“在方面勇于创新”。例如：The agronomists should be bold enough to make innovations in agro-technique.=The agronomists should be courageous enough to make innovations in agro-technique. 农学家要勇于在农业技术上创新。3. blaze new trails 是成语，原义是“开辟道路”、“开路先锋”，现在常用引申意义“创新”。例如：Our company has already blazed new trails in methods of advertising. 我公司在做广告的方式上已经有创新。4. break fresh / new ground in 用于比喻意义，表示“在方面创新”、“在方面创新事业”、“在方面开辟新天地”。例如：This report has broken new ground in the study of human relations. 这篇报告在人与人的关系研究方面有了创新。5. constantly bring forth new ideals in表示“在方面不断创新”。例如：We should constantly bring forth new ideals in science and technology. 我们在科技上要不断创新。6. build up an innovation-oriented country 表示“建设创新型国家”。例如：To encourage the innovation vitality of the entire society and turn the scientific and technological achievements into productive forces are important tasks of building up an innovation-oriented country. 充分激发全社会的创新活力，加快科技成果向现实生产力转化，是建设创新型国家的一项重要任务。7. devote oneself to the scientific and technological innovation和be devoted to the scientific and technological innovation 这两个句型都表示“致力于科技创新”、“献身于科技创新”。句型中的介词to后接名词。例如：Scientists and technicians should devote themselves to the scientific and technological innovation.=Scientists and technicians should be devoted to the scientific and technological innovation. 科技工作者要致力于科技创新。8. embark on a new path of innovation with Chinese characteristics表示“坚持走中国特色自主创新道路”。例如：China has decided to embark on a new path of innovation with Chinese characteristics.=China has decided to go unswervingly along the path of innovation with Chinese characteristics. 中国决定坚持走中国特色自主创新道路。9. give full play the principal role in the scientific and technological innovation 表示“充分发挥科技创新的主体作用”，这个句型常用于被动语态。例如：The principal role of enterprises should be given full play in the scientific and technological innovation. 要充分发挥企业在科技创新中的主体作用。10. give futrher play the science and technology development and innovation 表示“进一步发挥科技进步和创新的重大作用”。例如：China is implenting the strategy of rejuvenating China with science, education and human resources and giving further play the s