代词-(精品)PPT课件

.,1,代词,.,2,JohnwasinlovewithMaryWhenMarywasseriouslyill，JohnwaitedforMarymorning，noonandnightJohnwassoanxiousaboutMaryshealthButMaryrecoveredquickly若使用代词句子就好得多：JohnwasinlovewithMaryWhenshewasseriouslyill，hewaitedforhermorning，noonandnightHewassoanxiousaboutherhealthButsherecoveredquickly,.,3,代词的分类人称代词personalpronouns物主代词possessivepronouns自身代词selfpronouns相互代词reciprocalpronouns指示代词demonstrativepronouns疑问代词Interrogativepronouns连接代词conjunctivepronouns关系代词relativePronouns不定代词Indefinitepronouns,.,4,代词的特征代替名词在句中充当主语，宾语，表语或作为名词限定词不需要其他词的修饰代指已经提及的名词或名词所有格，或者泛指不特定的某人或某物,.,5,1）Thisisournewhome.BotharefromtheSouth.,Ihavereadneitherofthebooks.Takegoodcareofyourself.,3)Thatsnotmine.,4)Webothliveinthedormitory.Youyourselfaretoblame.Heatethemall.,5)Getout,bothofyou!Bepatient,everybody.,.,6,人称代词,.,7,人称代词类型,.,8,人称代词的用法,1.主格用来作句子的主语（动作的发出者）。IoftengoshoppingonSundays.Theygotoschoolbybus.2.宾格用来作动词或者介词的宾语（动作的承受者），也可在口语中作表语。Mr.ZhangteachesmeEnglishthisyear.Wealllookather.-Openthedoor,please.Itsme.,.,9,3.人称代词并列用法的排列顺序1)单数人称代词并列作主语时，其顺序为：第二人称-第三人称-第一人称即：youandI;he/she/itandI;you,he/she/itandI2)复数人称代词作主语时，其顺序为：第一人称-第二人称-第三人称即：weandyou;youandthey;we,youandthey注：但承认错误时，I通常在最前。,.,10,4.she可以用来代表国家、船只、大地、月亮等Weloveourmotherland,wehopeshellbestrongerandbigger.我们热爱我们的祖国,我们希望她更强大。Theshipisleaving.ShesonherfirsttriptoBoston.轮船要起航了。这是她第一次去波士顿。,.,11,5.it作为人称代词时，可以表示天气、距离、时间、环境等Whattheweatherliketoday?Itswindy.今天的天气怎么样？-有风。Itsaboutfiveminuteswalkfromhometoschool.从家到学校的路程大约5分钟。it可作为形式主语，将不定式、动名词等构成的主语后移，使句子显得平稳Itshardtoreachtheapples.很难够到苹果。Itsgoodforyoutakingawalkaftersupper.对你来说饭后散步是有好处的。,.,12,小练习1、写出下列人称代词的宾格形式I_you_he_she_we_they_2.单项选择(1)_isagoodstudent,Alltheteacherslike_verymuch.A.She;herB.Her;sheC.He;herD.she;him(2)Mary,pleaseshow_yourpictureA.MyB.mineC.ID.me,him,you,me,us,them,her,A,D,.,13,13._(我)amateacher.14.Myfatheristalkingwith_(我).15._(你们)oftenreadEnglish.16._(他)oftenplaysbasketballafterschool.17._(我们)buyapairofshoesfor_(他).18.Pleasepass_(我们)theball.19._(他们)arelisteningtotheradio.20._(她)likestosendfoodto_(他们).,I,me,You,He,We,him,us,They,She,them,.,14,21._ismyfriend.他是我的朋友。22.Mydoglikes_.我的狗喜欢她。23.Whoisthere?Its_.是谁啊？是我。24.Comewith_.跟我们来。25._like_verymuch.他们非常喜欢它。26.Let_give_abook.让我给你一本书。27._areallChinese.你，我，他都是中国人。28.Iwanttobuysomeballoonsfor_.我想买些气球送给他。,He,her,me,us,They,it,me,you,He,youandI,him,.,15,物主代词,.,16,物主代词类型,.,17,物主代词的用法,物主代词分为形容词性和名词性物主代词。your(你的)vsyours(你的)物主代词本质上是名词所有格的代词Tomshis;Myfamilysour名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词thisisnotmyapple,itsyours,.,18,“of+名词性物主代词”表示所属，是名词性短语：afriendofhis=oneofhisfriendsAsisterofhisisanurse.他的一个妹妹是个护士。Tomisafriendofmine我的一个朋友,.,19,Wearedoingourhomework,Shewashesherface,brushesherteeth,andthenhasbreakfast,Theboyinthegreensweaterisshakinghishead,.,20,Itshisskateboard.,Its_.,Itshermirror.,Its_.,Theyretheirpresents.,Theyre_.,Whoseisit/arethey?,his,hers,theirs,用适当的物主代词回答：,.,21,1.Heis_(our/ours)Englishteacher._nameisSam（男人名）,2._(mine/my)dogiswhite.But_(her/hers)isblack.,our,His,My,hers,3.-Look!_carisit?Isit_(your/yours)?-No,_(our/ours)carisold(旧的).-Its_(their/theirs)car._isnew.,Whose,yours,our,their,Mine,.,22,II用括号中单词的适当形式填空1-Arethese_(you)pencils？-Yes,theyare_(we).2.Whosepencilisthis?Its_(I).3.Sheis_(I)friend.4.MissLioftenlookafter(照顾)_(she)brother.5.Arethese_(they)bags？-No,theyarent_(their).Theyare_(we).6.Thisbikeismysisters.Itis_(she).7.Thisisnt_(I)book._(my)isinthebag.,your,ours,mine,my,her,their,theirs,ours,hers,my,Mine,.,23,1.Thatisnot_kite.Thatkiteisverysmall,but_isverybig.(我)2.Thedressis_.Giveitto_.(她)3.Isthis_watch?(你)No,itsnot_.(我)4._ismybrother._nameisJack.(他)Look!Thosestampsare_.(他)5._dressesarered.(we)Whatcolourare_?(你),.,24,6.Herearemanydolls,whichoneis_?(他)7.Icanfindmytoy,butwheres_?(你)8.Show_yourkite,OK?(他)9.Ihaveabeautifulcat._nameisMimi.Thesecakesare_.(它)10.Arethese_tickets?No,_arenot_._arenthere.(他们),.,25,反身代词的用法,1、做同位语以加强语气，在句中的位置较灵活Icookeditmyself.=Imyselfcookedit.我自己做的饭。Ispoketothechairmanhimself.我对主席本人讲。2、做宾语反身代词做宾语表示动作返回到动作执行者本身，即主语和宾语是指同一个或同一些人或物。Marysawherselfinthemirror.玛丽在镜子中看见了她自己。,.,26,试比较下面的一句话Marysawherinthemirror.玛丽在镜子中看见了她。（指看到了另外一个人）Einsteintaughthimselfadvancedmaths.爱因斯坦学了（自己教自己）高等数学。3、做表语Heisnotquitehimself.他今天情绪有点反常。4、介词+反自代词Iwenttothepostofficebymyself.我一个人去邮局。,.,27,2.反身代词有以下常见搭配enjoyoneself=haveagoodtimebyoneself=alonehelponeselftolearnsth.byoneself=teachoneselfsth.注意：oneself有单复数之分*Ienjoymyself.*Children,helpyourselvestosomefish.,.,28,Makeyourselfathome,please.Thedooropenedofitself.（自动，自行）PoorJanehasbeenalmostbesideherselfwithtoothache.（得要命、发狂）ShepridesherselfonknowingFrench.（=beproudof=takepridein）Hebusiedhimself(in)tidyinguphisdesk.Heoftenabsentshimselffromclasses.dressoneselfin,devoteoneselfto,applyoneselfto,.,29,指示代词,指示代词的形式：第一类：this,that,these,those第二类：so,such,thesame,.,30,1.表示空间和时间远近关系的代词包括:this,these指在方位上较近的人或物that,those指在方位上较远的人或物Thisismyshirt,thatsyours.TheseTVsaremadeinChina,thosearemadeinJapan.,2.that,those常指前面提过的东西,以免重复*Theseboxesareheavierthanthoseonthedesk.Ididnotgo.This/Thatmadehimveryangry.3.刚才提到的事情，在英文中用that*Hewasillyesterday.Imsorrytohearthat.,.,31,this=thelatter,that=theformerHealthisabovewealth;thiscannotgivesomuchhappinessasthat.(this=wealth;that=health)b)thosewho=peoplewhoGodhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves.,.,32,13.so常用于think,believe,hope等词后替代上文提到的事。-Doyouthinkhewillcome?-Ithinkso-Ihopeitwillbefinetomorrow?-Ihopeso.否定回答,通常用”动词+not”或”Idontso”-Willitrainthisafternoon?-Ibelievenot/Idontbelieveso.-Doyouthinkhewillwinthegame?-Idontthinkso./Imafraidnot.Ihopenot(),习惯上不说Idonthopeso.,.,33,Imayhaveoffended,butsuchwasnotmyintention.Hisparentsbelievedthathewasacleverboy,buthewasntsuchinfact.Thesamemightbesaidofthisproblem.,指示代词such指代前面提过的短语或从句,指示代词thesame指代与前面提过的同样的事物,.,34,不定代词,.,35,1.Few/afew/little/alittlefew/afew修饰可数名词little/alittle修饰不可数名词few,little表示否定意义,译为“没有几个”“没有多少”afew,alittle表示肯定意义,译为“有几个”“有一点”Shehasafewfriendsinschool.她在学校有一些朋Thereisalittleoilinthedish.菜里有油。Shehasfewfriendsinschool.她在学校没有朋友Thereislittleoilinthedish.菜里没有一滴油。,.,36,2.some/anysome（一些,某）一般用于肯定句中Therearesomeflowersinfrontofthehouse.any（一些,任何）多用于疑问句和否定句Doyouhaveanypicture-books?,注意：some有时也可用于表示请求、征求意见的疑问句中Wouldyoulikesomemeat?你想要些肉吗？MayIasksomequestions?我可以问问题吗？CouldIhavesomeapples?我可以吃苹果吗？Willyougivemesomewater?你能给我些水吗？,.,37,3.every/eachevery用于三个（以上）“每一个”；each用于两个（以上）“每一个”eachhandVS.everyfingerevery单数名词,表示“每一个”,强调共性、整体只作定语,形式上为单数.不与of连用Everychildlikesplayinggames.each表示“每一个”,强调个性,作定语主语、宾语和同位语,常与of连用Eachstudentwasaskedtotryagain.Eachofthemhasaniceskirt.every在句中只作定语，each可充当定语、主语、宾语和同位语。Every/Eachroomiscleanandtidy./Eachwenthisway.Theteacherhadatalkwitheachofthem./Theyeachgavehimsomeadvice.,.,38,当前面有nearly或almost修饰时，多用everyNearlyeverystudentworkshard.every可以用于下列词组中，each则不能everyotherdayeverythreeweeks否定词not不与each连用，但可以与every连用，表示部分否定Noteverystudentgoestoschoolbybus.,.,39,表示不特定数量关系,.,40,4.all/noneall“(全部)都”,表示三者或三者以上，作同位语时,一般放在连系动词、助动词之后,行为动词之前WeareallfromCanada.TheyalllikeEnglish.none“没有”,表示三者或三者以上都不,后常跟介词of（谓语动词单、复数均可）Noneofusis/areafraidofdogs.,.,41,nothing与none的用法注意:nothing表示“什么也没有”,而none表示“所指的东西没有”Isthereanythinginthebottle?-No,thereisnothing.什么也没有Isthereanywaterinthebottle?-No,thereisnone.一点（水）也没有比较-Whats(there)onthetable?-nothing.什么也没有-Whosintheroom?-Nobody/Noone.-Howmanymistakesdidyoumake?-None(强调数量)-Howmuchoilisthereinthejar?-None,.,42,5.both/either/neitherboth“（两者）都”,作主语时看作复数；作定语时后跟名词复数Myparentsarebothteachers.=Bothofmyparentsareteachers.neither“(两者)都不”,含有否定意义，作主语时谓语用第三人称单数;作定语时后跟名词单数Neitheranswerisright.either“两者中任何一个”,作主语时谓语用第三人称单数;作定语时后跟名词单数Therearetreesoneithersideofthestreet.=Therearetreesonbothsidesofthestreet.,.,43,有关词组：bothof/eitherof/neitherofBothofthemswimwell.他们俩都游得很好。EitherofyougoestoBeijing.你们俩随便谁去北京都可以。Neitherofthemstoppedtohavearest.他们俩谁都不停下来休息。,.,44,bothand（谓语动词用复数形式）eitheror/neithernor(谓语动词遵循就近原则)BothTomandLucyareinGradeTwo.Tom和Lucy都在二年级。Eithermyfatherormymothercooksathome.或者我爸爸或者我妈妈在家烧饭。NeitherhenorIamfreetoday.我和他今天都没空。,.,45,6.Something/anything/nothingSomebody/anybody/nobody指代不特定的人(body)和不特定的物(thing)Somethinghappenedyesterday.Somebodyshouldtaketheresponsibility.当形容词修饰这些不定代词时，常后置Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou.Isthereanythingelseinthebox?Nobodycananswerthequestion.,.,46,合成不定代词的习惯用语,somethingof若干、多少、有些anythingbut并不，根本不nothingbut只不过，只有somethinglike有点像orsomething类似makesomebodyofanamefor.使成名Mr.Smithisanengineerorsomething.Sheisnothingbutadancer.Hewasanythingbutpleasedwhenheheardthis.,.,47,7.many/muchmany修饰或指代复数名词Therearemanyeggsinthebasket.Manyofuslikeplayinggames.much修饰或指代不可数名词HedoesntknowmuchEnglish.,.,48,no与noneofno形容词,只修饰名词,不能作代词Noofthebookshereismine()Noneofthebookshereismine()Noproblemistoohardforhim.()many,much,alotofalotof用肯定句,否定句用notmany,notmuchWehavealotofexercisestodotodayWehaventmanyexercisestodotodayWehavealotofhomeworktodotodayWehaventmuchhomeworktodotodayManyofthemistakesinthetestarecommon.Muchoftheworkhasbeenfinished.,.,49,otherVS.another,.,50,8.another/otheranother泛指三个或三个以上中的另一个或另几个Idontwantthiscoat.Pleaseshowmeanother.Itsnotenough,youhavetogivemeanother18dollarsother后面接名词，泛指别的、其他的Doyouhaveanyotherquestions?,.,51,9.theother/others/theothersSomelikeswimming;_likeballgames.A.theothersB.othersC.theotherD.other()9.Therear