中考英语：主谓一致精讲精炼-(改进版)PPT课件

.,1,中考语法接力赛（第一棒）,主谓一致考点透析与精练,主谓一致：句子中的谓语动词随着主语在人称数量时态等方面的变化而变化(即保持一致性),.,2,主谓一致七大考点,1.主谓一致的三个原则；,2.并列结构作主语时；,3.“名词+介词短语”作主语时；,5.Therebe和Herebe的就近原则；,4.特殊名词作主语时；,7.表数量概念的词或短语作主语时；,6.动名词、不定代词或者从句作主语时；,.,3,主谓一致的三大原则：,1.语法一致：单数主语后接单数谓语动词；复数主语后接复数谓语动词,eg：1.Mybikeisunderthetalltree.,2.意义一致：根据句子主语的意义，而不是主语的的形式来确定谓语动词的单复数,eg:1.Thepolicearetryingtoarrestthethieves.,2.Thesebooksareoldbooks.,2.PeopleinthesouthofCanadaarecalledEskimos.(爱斯基摩人）,.,4,3.就近原则：当主语被某些关联短语（如eitheror，neithernor，notonlybutalso等）连接时，谓语动词的单复数与离它最近的词语保持一致,eg:1.Notonlyyoubut(also)theyaregoodstudents.,2.NeitherhenorIamgoingtoattendthepartytonight.,牛刀小试：Notonlyhisparentsbutalsohewatchingsportsprograms.（2011彩田中学）A.likeB.likesC.dontlikeD.notlike,B,3.Oneortwostudentswerestillabsentfromschool.,4.Thereisapen,apencil,andthreebooksonthedesk.,.,5,谓语动词用单数形式的情况,主语和谓语动词在数方面的一致性,.,6,一、谓语动词用单数形式的情况：,若主语是单数名词、单数代词、不定式及其短语、-ing形式及其短语或从句时，谓语动词用单数形式,Eg:1.ThechiefindustryintheMiddleEastistheoilindustry.,2.Thatsoundsagoodidea.,3.TolearnEnglishbyrecitationisausefulway.,4.Noddingtheheadmeansagreementwhileshakingitmeansdisagreement.,.,7,5.Wholetoutthesecretisstillunknowntous.,6.Whetherhewillattendthemeetingdoesntmattertoomuch.,7.Howyougotthereisnotinterestingforme.,“华哥”有话说：在由what或whatever引导的主语从句中，主句的谓语动词的单复数形式有时还要按句子的具体意思而定。,eg:Whatthechildrenneedareloveandunderstanding.,.,8,2.当主语是表示时间、距离、重量、货币等的复数名词时，这些名词指代的事物往往被看作是一个整体，因此谓语动词常用单数形式,eg:1.Sevenfeetisanabnormalheightforaperson.,2.Twentymilesisalongwaytowalk.,3.Fiftykilogramsisnotsoheavytocarry.,4.Thirtypoundsisreallyahighprices.,“华哥”有话说：加减乘除运算中的谓语动词用单数,eg:1.Twoandtwoisfour.(2加2等于4),2.Sixtimesoneissix.(6乘以1等于6）,.,9,牛刀小试,-Howmuchthepairofshoes?-Twentydollarsenough.（2011南充）A.is;isB.is;areC.are;areD.are;is,2.Threethousanddollarsenoughformetotraveltotheplaceofinterest.A.areB.isC.haveD.has,3.Twoweeksallowedformakingthenecessarypreparation.A.isB.areC.beenD.have,A,B,A,.,10,3.如果主语是单数，其后跟有with,togetherwith,aswellas,but,except,like,nolessthan等连接的短语，谓语动词用单数（“名词+介词短语”结构）,eg:1.Heaswellashisparentsisworkingthefields.,2.Anexpert,togetherwithsomeassistants,wassenttheretohelpwiththework.,3.NobodybutyouandIknowsaboutit.,牛刀小试：1.Robertwithhistwokidstothebeachforvacationeveryyear.A.goB.goesC.wentD.aregoing,B,.,11,4.当主语是each,either,neither或者由some,any,no,every等构成的不定代词（如someone，nothing等）时，谓语动词用单数形式,eg:1.Nothingisimpossibletoawillingheart.,2.Anyonewhoisoversixteenisallowedin.,3.Neitherofushasgonethroughregulartraining.,“华哥”有话说：each(every)+单数名词+each（every）+单数名词结构做主语，谓语动词用单数,eg:EachboyandeachgirllikeswatchingTVprogramme.,.,12,牛刀小试,1.-Neitherofusright.-Really?Haventyouworkedhardbefore?A.amB.isC.areD.be,2.Eachofthestudentswillingtohelpwiththework.A.amB.areC.isD.be,3.Nothingimpossibletoawillingheart.A.isB.amC.areD.be,B,C,A,“华哥”有话说：“noneof+复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词可以用单数也可以用复数,Noneofthepensengersis(are)abletosurvieveinsuchanaircrash（空难）.,.,13,InsertTitleText,5.当主语是由and连接的两个名词但表示同一人或物时，谓语动词用单数形式,eg:1.ThesingeranddancerisgoingtopayavisittoChina.,2.Thegirlandwinnerisjumpingwithjoy.,试比较：Thepoliticianandthewritergiveuswonderfuspeeches.,牛刀小试：Thesecretaryandprincipaloftheschoolpresentatthemeetingyesterday.A.wasB.wereareD.is,A,.,14,6.国名、人名、书名、书刊名、组织机构等专有名词作主语时，即使其形式是复数，谓语动词也要用单数形式,eg:1.TheUnitedStatesliesintheeasttoChina.,2.Engeleswasgoodatlearningforeignlanguages.,“华哥”有话说：英语中有些名词虽以-s结尾，实际上却并不表示复数的概念，如mathematics（数学）、physics（物理）、politics（政治）、news（消息、新闻）等。当这些名词作主语时，应该注意谓语动词用单数形式,1.Physicswastheonlycourseshefailedin.,.,15,7.“manya/morethanone+名词单数”作主语时，谓语动词要用单数,1.Thereisonemoreanswer.（有不止一个答案）,2.Manyastudenthaspassedtheexam.(许多同学通过了考试）,8.单复数形式相同的名词，如Chinese,Japanese,sheep,deer等作主语时，谓语动词的单复数由名词前的修饰语来决定，可以用单数，也可以用复数,1.IamaChinese.,2.Tensheepareeatinggrassthere.,.,16,主语和谓语动词在数方面的一致性,9.当主语是akindof;asortof;atypeof；apairof等后接名词，无论名词是单数还是复数，谓语动词统一用单数,eg:1.Akindofbirdshasbeendiscoveredbythesescientists.,2.Thispairofglassesismadeofdiamond.,“华哥”有话说：如果主语是these(those)type/kind/sortof等后接名词时，无论名词是单数还是复数，谓语动词一般用单数形式,1.Thosesortofpartiesareverydangerous.,.,17,谓语动词用复数形式的情况,主语和谓语动词在数方面的一致性,.,18,二、谓语动词用复数形式的情况：,主语和谓语动词在数方面的一致性,1.主语是复数名词或代词时，谓语动词用复数形式。,eg:Thecontentsofthisbookismostfascinating.Hiscongratulationsarealwaystothepoints.,2.当“the+形容词”结构做主语时，泛指某一类人，谓语动词用复数形式,eg:1.Thehomelessneednotonlycareandlovebutalsopracticalhelp.,.,19,3.由and或bothand连接的两个名词、代词作主语，表示不同的人或事物时，句子的谓语动词用复数,eg:1.BothJohnandBobaregoingtouniversity（大学）.2.Thewriterandthepoliticianaregoingtomeetwithourheadmaster.,试比较：Thewriterandpoliticianisgoingtomeetwithourheadmaster.,（指同一个人）,主语和谓语动词在数方面的一致性,.,20,易错知识点点拨,易错知识点点拨,.,21,似是而非英语大PK：,anumberof+名词复数形式表示“大量；许多”相当于alotof，后跟谓语动词用复数形式,thenumberof+名词复数形式表示“的数量”后跟谓语动词用单数形式,eg：Anumberofyoungpeoplehaveleftthecountrysideforurbanareas.,Thenumberofpandasinourcountryisincreasing.,.,22,似是而非英语大PK：,therestof+名词/代词复数形式表示“剩余的/余下的”后接谓语动词的复数形式,therestof+名词/代词单数形式表示“剩余的/余下的”后接谓语动词的单数形式,eg：Therestofthebikesinthatsupermarketwerestillonsale.,Therestofthemilkinthekitchenwasdrunkbyacat.,华哥有话说：类似用法的短语还有mostof,allof,anyof,thelastof,percentof(百分之),halfof,majorityof(绝大多数),.,23,沙场秋点兵：,1.Theheadteacherwithhisstudentstheparkifittomo