2012届高考一轮复习英语语法专项十五：数词

2012届高考一轮复习语法专项十五：数词高考重点要求：1掌握基数词、序数词、分数词、倍数、百分数、年月日、钟点、年龄、序号的基本用法。2掌握不定数量词、约数词的表达方法。数词在各个题项中，单选、阅读、听力、写作中发挥着很强的作用，往往用以说明事实的精确性和可信性。数词是由两大部分构成的即基数词和序数词，而其他数字表示法如分数，小数等均由这两大部分的不同组合而构成。（一）基数词：表示数目的词为基数词，它的构成如下表：范 围特 点实 例112无规律 one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve1319以teen为结尾 thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen2090以ty结尾 twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, sixty, seventy, eighty, ninety2199十位与个位之间要加连字符 “-” twenty-five, sixty-five, ninety-nine101999百位与十位之间通常用and three hundred and twenty-five（美语中常将and省略）千以上 6275six thousand two hundred and seventy-five；1200twelve hundred（二）序数词：表示顺序的数词为序数词，它的构成如下表：（三）数词的用法：1.英语中年月日、点钟、序数词、分数词、算式列表示例英语表示法2001630June 30,2001 30June,2001 30thJune, 20017：25seven twenty-five twenty-five past even12:54twelve fifty four six to one9:15nine fifteen a quarter past nine2:30two thirty half past two21:50twenty-one fifty 9:50p.m.第21twenty-first第123one hundred and twenty-thirda half two and two-fifths 20%20 per cent 20 percent第七路公共汽车Bus Number Seven第201房间Room 201人民路153号153 Renmin Road 4+8 =12 Four plus eight is twelve11-7=4Eleven minus seven is four.65=30Six times five is thirty.205=4twenty divided by five is four.ABA is more than B.ABA is less than B.ABA is approximately (近似地, 大约)equals to B.ABA is not equal to B.2.约数表示法列表含义英语表达例句大于某数more than He has lived here for more than twenty years.overshe is over fifty.or moreTherere thirty people or more in the meeting-room.小于某数less thanI have less than (not more than )fifty dollars.underChildren under seven are not allowed to enter.belowHe would not sell it for below a hundred fifty dollars.or lessThe coat might cost him sixty dollars or less.大约（某数）nearlyShe is nearly fifty now.almostIts almost three oclock.up to Up to ten men can sleep in this tent.or He spent four or five days writing the article.or so The distance is twenty miles or so.aboutI visited that village about three years ago.someTheir team has some four or five players.more or lessThe container can hold more or less twenty pounds of water.around/roundLets make it round/around eight oclock.3.不定数量词“多”的表示法列表被修饰名词的数英语表达汉译修饰可数名词dozens of 几十、许多scores of 许多many, a good(great) many, many a (饰单数可数名词)许多、大量hundreds of 数以百计thousands of ,thousands upon thousands of 成千上万millions of 数百万billions of 亿万修饰不可数名词much , a great (good)deal of ,a large amount of ,large amounts of 许多、大量修饰可数名词或不可数名词a lot of /lots of ,plenty of, a large quantity of , large quantities of 许多、大量练习、数 词1. Two _died of cold last winter.A. hundreds old people B. hundred old people C. hundreds old peoples D. hundred old peoples2. He was only in_ at the time.A. his 20s B. the 20sC. his twenties D. the twenties3. The two great men wrote those letters in_ .A. 1870s B. 1879s C. the 1870s D. the 18704. I wonder if I can ask him_ time. A. four B. fourth C. the fourth D. a fourth5. He came out_ in the track events. A. first B. one C. the first D. the one6. It was in 1939 that _broke out. A. World War Second B. the World War Second C. Second World War D. World War II7. Youll have to spend _writing your report here. A. one day or two days B. one day or twoC. a day or two D. two days or one8. He cut the cake_ . A. in halves B. in half C. into halves D. into half9. The earth is nearly_ the moon. A. 50 time the size of B. 50 times the size of C. 50 times as size as D. 50 times as that of10. Either you or the headmaster _the prizes for these gifted students at the meeting. A. is handing in B. are to hand out C. are handing in D. is to hand out11. _of the population here are peasants. A. 20 percents B. 20 percentC. the 20 percent D. the 20 percents12. Its about_ , the thickness of a human hair. A. two-fifteenth B. two-fifteenths C. two fifteen D. two fifteens13. The price of such material was reduced_ . A. by 18 percent B. to 18 percent C. at 18 percent D. for 18 percent14. South of the equator, 81 percent of the surface of the earth_ water. A. is B. are C. was D. were15. They sold _boxes of such sweets last week. A. four dozen B. four dozens C. four dozens of D. four dozen of16. It took me _ days to finish drawing a beautiful horse. A. a half dozen B. half a dozen C. haft dozens D. half dozen17._people were sent there to help fight against the flood. A. Three scores of B. Three score of C. Three score D. Three scores18. Dont leave you work,_ . A. done half B. half done C. a half done D. done a half19. Nobody can do two things well _ . A. at one time B. at once C. one time D. once20. He has_ books in his study. A. several thousands B. some thousands of C. some thousands D. some thousand of21. On National day_ people take part in all kinds of celebration. A. hundreds of millions ofB. millions of hundred of C. hundreds millions ofD. millions hundreds of22. He has lived at_ for 30 years. A. No. 101 Heping StreetB. 101 Heping StreetC. Heping Street 101 D. Heping street No. 10123. You can find him in_ . A. Room 201B.201 RoomC. the Room 20D. the 201 Room24. Its_ walk from here to my school. A. two - hoursB. two hoursC. two - hourD. a two - hour25. It was in_ when he was already in _ that he went to Yanan. A. the 1940s, the 40sB. the 1940s, his fortiesC. 1940s, his forties D. the 1940s, his 40s26. He went to the market and bought _eggs and some meat. A. three dozen ofB. three dozenC. three dozens D. three dozens of27.Shortly after the accident two _police were sent to the spot to keep order. A. dozen ofB. dozens C. dozen D. dozens of 28.Mr Smith _me to buy several _eggs for the dinner. A. asked, dozen B. suggested, dozens of C. had, dozen D. persuaded, dozens of 29._of the land in that district _covered with trees and grass. A. Two fifth, is B. Two fifth, are C. Two fifths , is D. Two fifths, are 30.Two _died of cold last winter. A. hundreds old people B. hundred old peopleC. hundred old peoplesD. hundred old peoples 31.It is not rare in _that people in _fifties are going to university for further education.A.90s,theB. the 90s, / C.90s, their D. the 90s, their 32.-Have you seen many sheep in the distance ? -Yes, _.A. thousand of themB. two thousands of them C. two thousand of them D. two thousand them数 词1B2. C 表示几十的数字的复数与所有格代词一起来用以表示人的年龄，本句为二十多岁。3C 定冠词the和数的复数形式在一起表示年代。4D 序数词前面加不定冠词表示又一次(已经四次了)5A 这里first有人说起副词作用，可以看成表语，也可以看做一种取得第一名的习惯用法。6D 序数词和名词共同构成的专有名词还可以是thc Second World War的形式。7C 只有C项为正确的表达方式，或者也可以写成one or two days再如：one hour and a half或one and a half hours8B in half表示分成一样大小的两半。也可以说cutin two9B 再如twice the height(depth，width，weight，etc)of10D eitheror连接主语用就近原则。be to hand out the prizes意为要颁发奖品。11答案为B。百分比作修饰语，前面不加冠词且不能加复数。12答案为B。分数做定语，分子用基数词，分母为序数词，当分子大于1时，分母用复数，本题中，其它表达方式均不正确。13答案为A。表增加或减少的数量的百分比，用by+百分数表示。14答案为A。不可数的名词的百分比用单数；可数名词的百分比则用复数。C项时态不对，另如：90 percent of the population here are peasents这个句子中population的意思是people15答案为A。dozen与数词或many，several等词连用时复数一般不加s，故B、C两项不选。此外，dozen与数词连用做定语，一般也不加of当然也有例外：Place them in