高中英语语法 同位语从句ppt课件

同位语从句,Grammar,1,同位语从句,1.同位语从句的概念：在复合句中充当同位语的名词性从句叫做同位语从句。它一般跟在某些名词后，用以说明该名词表示的具体内容。,Iheardthenewsthatourteamhadwon.Itismysuggestionthatthesportsmeetingshouldbeputoff.,2,2.可以跟同位语从句的名词有：news,word,idea,fact,question,problem,hope,suggestion,truth,possibility,belief,doubt,message,promise,report,reply,thought等。,HegotthenewsfromMarythatthesportsmeetingwasputoff.IvecomefromMr.Wangwiththemessagethathewontbeabletoseeyouthisafternoon.,3,HeexpressedthehopethathewantedtovisitChina.Ihavenoideaswhenwewillgo.Thepossibilitythatthemajorityofthelaborforcewillworkathomeisoftendiscussed.Thethoughtthatwemightsucceedexcitedus.,4,3.同位语从句的引导词（1）由that引导，其中that不可省略，也不能用which来替代。that在从句中不充当任何成分，起引导作用。,Thefactthatyouhaventenoughtimetodotheworkissimplyunbelievable.,5,（2）由whether引导，whether含有“是否”的意思，但whether不可以用if来替换。,Theproblemwhetherweshouldcontinuetodotheexperimenthasbeensolved.,6,(3)由连接代词who，连接副词where，when,how引导。,Thequestionwhoshoulddotheworkrequiresconsideration.Wehaventsettledthequestionwherewearegoingtospendoursummervacation.,7,(4)有时用namely（即），thatistosay（也就是说），thatis（那就是）等引出同位语或同位语从句。,ThereisonlyonewayofimprovingyourEnglish,thatis,topractisemore.Hetoldusthegoodnews,namely,themuseumisopentoall.,8,同位语从句与定语从句的相似之处,1、两种从句都可以译成定语,Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthefinalmatchisencouraging.(同位语从句)我们队取得决赛胜利的消息令人鼓舞。Thenewsthatyoutoldusisreallyencouraging.(定语从句)你告诉我们的消息真的令人鼓舞。,9,2、两种从句都可以用that引导,Thesuggestionthatstudentsshouldlearnsomethingpracticalisworthconsidering.（同位语从句）学生应该学些实用的东西的建议值得考虑.Thesuggestionthatisworthconsideringisthatthestudentsshouldlearnsomethingpractical.（定语从句）值得考虑的建议是学生应该学些实用的东西。,10,同位语从句与定语从句的不同之处,1、从句的作用不同：同位语从句用来进一步说明前面名词的内容；定语从句用来修饰、限定前面的名词。,11,Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthefinalmatchisencouraging.（从句说明“消息”的内容：我们队取得了决赛胜利。）Thenewsthatyoutoldusisreallyencouraging.（从句对“消息”加以限定：是你告诉我们的,而非来自其他渠道。但消息是什么却不得而知。）,12,2.引导从句的关联词that的功能不同:that引导同位语从句时是一个纯连词,不充当任何成分;而引导定语从句的that是关系代词,既指代先行词又须在从句中充当成分.,1)DadmadeapromisethathewouldbuymeCDplayerifIpassedtheEnglishtest.(that不充当任何成分)2)Dadmadeapromisethatexcitedallhischildren.(that指代promise,又在从句中充当主语.),13,Tellthefunctionoftheclausesinthefollowingsentences说出下列从句的功能：A:Appositive(同位语);B:Attributive(定语),Hisproposalthatwegothereonfootisacceptable.Manyteachersholdtheviewthatteenagersshouldnotspendtoomuchtimeonline.3.Thefirstrequestthathemadewastoaskforfreedom.,B,Practice,14,4.Doyouhaveanyideawherewewillbesent?5.Isthisthecompanywhereyourfatherworks?6.Thisisthereasonthathegaveforhisabsence.7.Hemadeanexcusethathiscarbrokedownontheway.,B,B,15,Tellthefunctionofthefollowingsentences.a.subjectb.objectc.predicatived.appositive,1.TheideathatEnglandstandsforFishifitisanattributiveclause,writeAC.,NC,AC,19,3.Thesuggestionthatstudentsshouldlearnsomethingpracticalisworthconsidering.4.Thesuggestionthattheyareconsideringisthatstudentsshouldlearnsomethingpractical.,NC,AC,20,1.TwothirdsofallgirlsinBritainareonadiet./Thefactworriestheirparentsandteachersalot.,JoineachpairofsentencesusingaNounClauseasAppositive.,Thefactthattwothirdsofallgirlsareonadietworriestheirparentsandteachersalot.,21,2.TheQueenofEnglandwasonathree-dayvisitinChina./Weheardthenewslastnight.,WeheardthenewslastnightthattheQueenofEnglandwasonathree-dayvisitinChina.,22,4.Timetravelispossible./Thereisnoscientificprooffortheidea.,3.Teenagersshouldnotspendtoomuchtimeonline./ManyBritishparentsholdtheview.,ManyBritishparentsholdtheviewthatteenagersshouldntspendtoomuchtimeonline.,Thereisnoscientificprooffortheideathattimetravelispossible.,23,5.Chinesestudentsshouldbegivenmorefreeti