定语从句删减版PPT课件

.,1,Unit4Earthquakes,定语从句,.,2,先来看几个相关术语1.定语2.定语从句3.先行词4.关系词,.,3,1.定语：定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词的，是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子，汉语中常用的表示。,acleverboyTheboilingwaterFallenleavesThemanwhoyouarelookingfor,2.定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句。,DoyouknowthemanwhocametoseeXiaoYangthismorning?,.,4,Whatisthefunctionoftheunderlinedpart?,Tomisahandsomeboy.Thelittleboyneedsabluepen.Theboyintheclassroomneedsapen.ThepenboughtbyherismadeinChina.Themanstandingthereismyteacher.Theboywhoisreadingneedsthepenwhichyouboughtyesterday.,单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前，作前置定语。短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后，作后置定语。,定语从句：一个句子充当定语,.,5,Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves.Hewholaughslastlaughsbest.Nothingintheworldisdifficultforonewhosetshismindtoit.,自助者天助。,谁笑到最后，谁笑得最好。,世上无难事，只怕有心人。,Guessthemeaningofthefollowingproverbs,.,6,定语从句位置：一定放在被修饰成分之后。,ThisisabasketthatIwanttoputflowersin.SheisthegirlwhocanspeakEnglishwell.,.,7,定语从句的关系代词,1.who:指人，在定语从句中作主语。,Thisisthedoctor.Hesavedmylife.,Thisisthedoctorwhosavedmylife.,Thegirlisinourclass.ShelikesJay.,ThegirlwholikesJayisinourclass.,.,8,whom:指人，在定语从句中作宾语，可省略。,Doyouknowthemanwhomwesawyesterday?你认识我们昨天看到的那个男人吗？,你刚才看到的那个人是我的老板。,Themanwhomyousawjustnowismyboss.,.,9,2.which:指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略。,Chinaisacountry.Ithasalonghistory.,Thisisthebook.Youneeditfortheexam.,Chinaisacountrywhichhasalonghistory.中国是一个历史悠久的国家。（主语）,Thisisthebook(which)youneedfortheexam.这正是你考试所需要的书。（宾语）,.,10,3.that:可指人、物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略。,ThemanisZhangYimou.Hemakessomegoodfilms.,ThemanthatmakessomegoodfilmsisZhangYimou.,Thenoodlesweredelicious.Icookedthenoodles.,ThenoodlesthatIcookedweredelicious.,.,11,回顾,.,12,一、that和which用法的区别,先行词为all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much等不定代词时。,Iamsureshehassomething_youcanborrow.,(2)先行词被all,any,every,each,much,little,no,some,few等修饰时,1、只能用that不用which的情况,(that),Doyouhaveanything_youdontunderstand?,(that),Pleasesendusanyinformation_youhaveaboutthesubject.,that,.,13,(3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。,Thisisthefirstbook_hehasread.,(that),Itisthemostbeautifulcity_Iveeverseen.,that,(4)先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast修饰时。,Thisistheverybook_belongstohim.,that,Heistheonlyperson_waspresentatthetime.,that,.,14,(6)先行词是who或which引导的主句。Whoisthegirl_drovethecar?,(5)先行词既有人又有物时。,Thefamouswriterandhisworks_theradiobroadcastarepopulartothestudents.,that,that,(7)当关系代词在从句中作表语时：,Maryisnolongerthegirl(that)sheusedtobe.Chinaisnolongerthecountrythatitusedtobe.,.,15,(1)关系代词在限制性定语从句中紧跟介词作宾语（介词提前）。Therearemanytrees_theycanhavearest.Thisisthering_shespent1000dollars.,2、只用which不用that的情况,(2)在非限制性定语从句中。Football,_isaverypopulargame,isplayedallovertheworld.,underwhich,onwhich,which,.,16,1.Herbag,inwhichsheputallhermoney,hasbeenstolen.2.Thisistheringonwhichshespent1000dollars.,2、在介词后面，指事物用which，指人用whom.且关系代词不能省略。,.,17,二、只用who的情况,One_hasnothingtofeardarestotellthetruth.Theones_laughatthedisabledarenotgoodstudents.Anyone_failstofinishthetaskshouldbepunished.Those_wanttogotoTheGreatWallsighuphere.,who,who,who,who,先行词是one,ones,anyone,those时用who.,.,18,whose的先行词指物时，可用ofwhich代替，但语序不同，即whose+名词=the+名词+ofwhich，或=ofwhich+the+名词。如：Thenovelwhosetitle(=thetitleofwhich或ofwhichthetitle)isRedandBlackisveryinteresting.,whose引导的定语从句，其先行词既可以指人也可以指物。,.,19,whose的先行词指人时，可用ofwhom代替，但语序不同，即whose+名词=the+名词+ofwhom，或=ofwhom+the+名词。如：Theboywhosemother(=themotherofwhom或ofwhomthemother)isadoctorismyfriend.,.,20,theusageoftherelativeadverb,when,where,why,time,place,reason,时间状语,地点状语,原因状语,.,21,用关系副词when时，先行词指时间，when在定语从句中作时间状语，when可换成“介词+关系代词”。如：,Istillrememberthedaywhen(=onwhich)IfirstcametoNanjing.,Myfatherwasbornintheyearwhen(=inwhich)WorldWarbrokeout.,1.when,.,22,用关系副词where时，先行词指地点，where在定语从句中作地点状语，where可换成“介词+关系代词”。如：,Thisisthefarmwhere(=onwhich)weworkedwhenwewereyoung.,Theschoolwhere(=inwhich)hismotherteachesisinthewestofthecity.,2.where,.,23,用关系副词why时，先行词指原因，why在定语从句中作原因状语，why可换成“介词+关系代词”。如：,Thereareseveralreasonswhy(=forwhich)theboysshouldbepunished.,Tomcouldntgivetheteacherthereasonwhy(=forwhich)hewaslateforschool.,3.why,.,24,4.关系副词的用法注意点,(1)当先行词为time，表示“次数”时，应用关系词that或省略。如：Thisisthefirsttime(that)thepresidenthasvisitedthecountry.,(2)当point,situation,case,等词作先行词表示“情况，境地，场合”等意思时，其后常由where引导定语从句，where在句中作状语。如：Canyouthinkofasituationwherethisphrasecanbeused?,.,25,Letmethinkofapropersituation_thissentencecanbeused.,A、whereB、thatC、ofwhomD、which,A,先行词是situation,case,scene，一般用where,.,26,14.Thisisthesamepen_Ilostyesterday.A.asB.thatC.theoneD.A&B,D,比较：.thesamepen