《商务英语阅读》PPT课件

BusinessEnglishReadingCoursewareBook2,ChapterTwoInternationalTradeTerms国际贸易术语,StepOne,First,readMaterialOneunderteachersinstructions.Thenteachergiveshintsortipsforreading.Finally,teachercheckstheanswersandgivesexplanations.,SummaryofInternationalTradeTerms1.RoleofTradeTermsTradeterms,alsoknownaspricetermsordeliveryterms,arestandardizedtermsusedinsalescontractsthatdescribetheplaceandmannerforthetransferofgoodsfromthesellertothebuyer.Thesetradeterms,suchasFreeOnBoard(FOB)andCost,Insurance,andFreight(CIF),mayalsodefineavarietyofothermatters,includingtheprice,thetimewhentheriskoflossshiftsfromthesellertothebuyer,andthecostsoffreightbandinsurance.Theuseoftradetermsgreatlysimplifiestheprocessofnegotiationofcontract,thussavingtimeandcostforbusinessmen.,2InternationalRulesonTradeTermsTradetermshavebeendevelopedinpracticeformanyyears.However,asdifferentcountriesmighthavedifferentinterpretationsoftheterms,misunderstandingsoccurredfrequently.Toclearuptheconfusion,somecommercialorganizationsdrewupsetsofrulesorstandarddefinitions.,2.1.Warsaw-OxfordRules1932ThisrulewasdraftedbytheAssociationofInternationalLawin1932.Itcontains21clauses,whichonlystipulatethenatureofCIFcontract,andthecharges,risksandobligationswhichshouldbebornbythesellerorthebuyer.,2.2.RevisedAmericanForeignTradeDefinitions1941ThisrulewasmadeoutbynineAmericancommercialorganizationsin1941.Itisasetofforeigntradewhichareconsideredobsolete,butstillsometimesusedindomesticU.S.trade.Itcontains6tradeterms.,2.3.InternationalRulefortheInterpretationofTradeTerms2000TheInternationalChamberofCommerce(ICC)inParisdevelopedINCOTERMS(InternationalCommercialTerms).Itwasfirstpublishedin1936andhasbeenperiodicallyrevisedtoaccountforchangingmodesoftransportanddocumentdelivery.ThecurrentversionisINCOTERMS2000,whichcameintoforceonJan.1,2000.Inthisrule,therearetotally13tradeterms,whichhavebeendividedinto4differentgroups.,a.The“E”-term(EXW).Theonlytermwheretheseller/exportermakesthegoodsavailableathisorherownpremisestothebuyer/importer.b.The“F”-terms(FCA,FASandFOB).Termswheretheseller/exporterisresponsibletodeliverthegoodstoacarriernamedbythebuyer.c.The“C”-terms(CFR,CIF,CPTandCIP).Termswheretheseller/exporterisresponsibleforcontactingandpayingforcarriageofthegoods,butnotresponsibleforadditionalcostsorriskoflossordamagestothegoodsoncetheyhavebeenshipped.,d.The“D”-terms(DAF,DES,DEQ,DDUandDDP).Termswheretheseller/exporterisresponsibleforallcostsandrisksassociatedwithbringingthegoodstotheplaceofdestination.Dtermsevidence“arrival”contracts.,TableINCOMES2000(a)GroupEDepartureEXWExWorksGroupFMaincarriageunpaidFCAFreeCarrier(namedplace)FASFreeAlongsideShip(namedportofshipment)FOBFreeOnBoard(namedportofshipment),GroupCMaincarriagepaidCFRCostandFreight(.namedplaceofdestination)CIFCost,InsuranceandFreight(namedportofdestination)(b)CPTCarriagePaidTo(namedportofdestination)CIPCarriageandInsurancePaidTo(namedplaceofdestination),GroupDArrivalDAFDeliveredAtFrontier(namedplace)DESDeliveredExShip(namedportofdestination)DEQDeliveredExQuay(namedportofdestination)DDUDeliveredDutyUnpaid(namedportofdestination)DDPDeliveredDutyPaid(namedportofdestination),StepTwo,StudentsreadMaterialTwothemselvesfirstly.Thenteachercheckstheanswerswithoutgivingexplanations.,vocabulary,standardize:vt.使标准化simplify:vt.简化，使简明periodically:ad.偶然地，定期地revise:vt.修订，修改；复习rail:n.栏杆；轨道；铁路provision:n.供应；预备；条款conformity:n.依照；适合；一致(点)transit:n.运输，载运expiry:vi.期满，(期限)终止preceding:a.在先的，在前的，前面的render:vt.使得，致使；给予，提供,inspection:n.检查，细看inflation:n.通货膨胀deter:vt.阻止premium:n.加付款；赠品flexibility:n.灵活性，柔韧性alienate:vt.使疏远，离间；转让(财产等)bankrupt:a.破产的；彻底缺乏的vt.使破产n.破产者elasticity:n.弹性，伸缩力bureaucratic:a.官僚作风的，官僚的；政府机构,eliminate:vt.排除，消除，根除；淘汰hierarchy:n.等级制度；统治集团，领导层dedication:a.献身的，一心一意的，热诚的profitability:n.收益性,盈利能力innovation:n.新方法，新事物；革新，创新,单元注释,clearup:清理；澄清，解决drewup:v.拟定,起草accountfor:解释，说明associatewith:与.常在一起,和.联想在一起subjectto:易受.影响的,屈服于.的,让步于.inaccordancewith:与一致，依照，根据Warsaw-OxfordRules1932:1932年华沙-牛津规则，它起源于1928年国际法协会在波兰华沙制定的1928年华沙规则，此后几经修改，最后将此规则确定为1932年华沙-牛津规则,RevisedAmericanForeignTradeDefinition1941:1941年美国对外贸易定义修订本是1941年，由美国商会、美国进口商全国理事会和美国对外贸易理事会所组成的联合委员会正式通过的，迄今为止，它在美洲大陆都具有相当大的影响。InternationalChamberofCommerce(ICC):国际商会国际商会成立于1919年，发展至今已拥有来自130多个国家的成员公司和协会，是全球唯一的代表所有企业的权威代言机构。,FOB:船上交货（指定装运港）FOB术语要求卖方办理货物出口清关手续。该术语仅适用于海运或内河运输。CFR:成本加运费（指定目的港）CFR术语要求卖方办理出口清关手续。该术语仅适用于海运或内河运输。CIF:成本、保险费加运费（指定目的港）CIF术语要求卖方办理出口清关手续。该术语仅适用于海运或内河运输。,CIP:运费和保险费付至（指定目的地）CIP术语要求卖方办理出口清关手续。该术语可适用于各种运输方式，包括多式联运。FAS:船边交货（指定装运港）FAS术语要求卖方办理货物出口清关手续。CPT:运费付至（指定目的地）CPT术语要求卖方办理出口清关手续。该术语可适用于各种运输方式，包括多式联运。,练习答案,【材料一】.1.A2.D3.D4.A5.B,【材料二】,Analysis：UnderFOBterms,itisthebuyersobligationtomakearrangementsfordeliveringthegoods.AccordingtoINCOTERMS2000,“Thebuyermustcontractathisownexpenseforthecarriageofthegoodsfromthenamedportofshipment.”Italsoprovidesthat“Thebuyermustgivethesellersufficientnoticeofthevesselname,loadingpointandrequireddeliverytime”.Ifthebuyersvesselfailstoarriveattheportofshipmentduly,orfailstoacceptthegoods,orstoploadingaheadoftheschedulespecifiedinthecontract,alltherisksandlossofanddamagetothegoodsaretobebornebythebuyerasoftheappointeddatefordeliveringthegoodsortheexpirydateofthetimelimit.,【材料二】,Itwaslearnedlaterthatduringtheimplementationofthelastshipment,theinternationalmarketpriceofwheatdroppeddrastically,whichgreatlyinfluencedthesalesofcompanyBwhoattemptedtocancelthedeliveryofthelastshipmentbyhangingitup.However,companyAmadegooduseofINCOTERMSexplanationforFOBtermsan