短文填空PPT课件

.,1,短文填空短文填空是2012年广东中考出现的一个新题型，其特点是在一篇短文中留出10个空(首句不设空)，要求考生根据短文的内容以及上下文的意思，在空白处填入意思、语法都正确的单词，一空只能填一个词(有些空的答案可能不是唯一的)。短文的题材很广泛，可以是故事、文化习俗、科普小品、体育等，考试一般会选取考生比较熟悉的材料。短文填空是中考中一个难度比较大的题型。它所涉及的知识面广，灵活性高，综合性也很强。它不仅考查考生在词汇、语法和习惯用法等方面的基础知识，还考查理解、推导、分析等综合能力。从表面上看是考查考生对单词的辨认能力，而实质上既考查了考生掌握单词的数量及准确性，又考查了他们对句子上下文以及词义的理解和判断能力，由此考查学生的知识记忆与再现能力。,.,2,1跳过空格，通读短文，了解大意。解题时先跳过空格，通读短文填空的短文，了解全篇的内容和要旨。要重视首句，善于以首句的时态、语气为立足点，理清文脉，推测全文时态、主题及大意。2复读短文，确定语义，判断词形。(1)把握短文大意后再认真复读短文，利用上下文的语境，结合所学过的知识，先确定空格处所需词语的意义。(2)根据空格在句子中的位置，判断其在句中充当的成分，从而确定所填词的词性，再依据词语搭配和语法规则，判断所填的词的正确形式。动词：注意动词短语固定搭配、时态、语态、主谓一致、谓语与非谓语动词等；名词：注意名词的单复数及名词的所有格形式；,.,3,形容词：注意固定搭配、比较级和最高级形式及构词规则；副词：注意插入语、比较级和最高级形式，关注句与句之间的连贯性；连词、关系词：注意状语从句、定语从句等在语篇中的运用；代词：关注上下文，注意代词的前后照应关系；介词、冠词：注意习惯用法。如果所填的词在句首，注意首字母要大写。3三读短文，上下参照，验证答案。在短文的空白处分别填上一个词后，将完成的短文再细读一遍，上下参照，连贯思考。可从上、下文内容是否协调一致、顺理成章，语法结构是否正确无误等进行综合验证，凡有疑问必须重新推敲考虑。,.,4,【练习一】Oneday,Tinasatonthe(1)_andwatchedhermotherdothedishesinthe(2)_.Tinanoticedthathermotherhadsome(3)hairsonherhead.Shelookedathermotherand(4)_,“Whydoyouhavesomewhitehairs,Mom?”Hermotheranswered,“Well,everytimeyoudosomethingwrongandmakeme(5)_,onehairturnswhite.Ifyoudontmakemesadanymore,Iwillhaveblack(6)_.”,chair,kitchen,white,asked,sad,hair,.,5,Thelittle(7)_thoughtforawhileandthensaid,“Mom,IamgoingtolistentoyourwordscarefullyfromtodayonandIwouldliketobea(8)_kid.Thenyouwillnothavesomanywhitehairs,willyou?”Hermothersmiledandnodded（点头）.Tinasgrandmawas(9)_TVinthelivingroom.Tinaglanced（看一眼）athergrandmaandasked,“Mom,whyis(10)_hairallwhite?Herchildrenarentgoodones,arethey?”,girl,good,watching,grandmas,.,6,【练习二】PeopleallovertheworldcelebrateValentinesDay.However,theholiday(1)_celebrateddifferentlyindifferentcountries(2)_eachculturehasitsownValentinesDaycustoms.Forexample,peopleintheUnitedStatesandJapanbothcelebrateValentinesDay(3)_February14.ButinJapan,onlyromanticpartnerscometogether,whileinAmerica,itcanbesharedbyanyone(4)_isclose,friendorlover.Chocolateisthemostpreferred(5)_intheUS,is,because,on,who,gift/present,.,7,anditiscommoninJapan,too.However,intheUSotherkindsofgiftsare(6)_given,andmanypeopleexchangecards.ThebiggestdifferenceisinJapan,onlygirlsandwomen(7)_chocolatestoboysand(8)_，butintheUS,boysandgirlswillgivecardsorsmallgiftstoallof(9)_friends.AndwhileAmericanmenandwomenbothreceivegifts,womenusuallyget(10)_expensivegiftsthanmen.ThatswhyIwouldliketobeamaninJapanbutawomanintheUS!,also,give,men,their,more,.,8,【练习三】ConnecttotheworldOverthepast20years,theInternethasgreatlyinfluencedourworldand1ourlives.TheInternetmakesitmuch2forpeopletosearchforinformation.For3,whenwewriteahistoryreport,wedonthavetogotothelibrary.Wecanfind4aboutworldleadersandhistoricaleventsondifferentwebsites.Everythingwewanttoknowcan5foundattheclickofabutton.TheInternethelpsustostayconnectedtofamily,friendsandtheworldaroundus.Notlongago,wewrotelettersandwaitedweeksforareply.Today,whenweuseQQ,wesendandreceivemessagesacrossthousandsofmilesina6seconds.,changed,easier,example,information/more,be,few,.,9,AlthoughtheInternethasmadeourworldbetterinmanyways,insome7itcanbeabadinfluence.ThereisalotoffalseinformationontheInternet.Itisimportantnottobelieve8wereadontheInternet.Someteenagersspendtoomuchtime9Internetgames.Theymaylosefocusontheirstudies.Therearemillionsofinterestingsitestovisitandsomanywonderfulthingstodoonline.HowcouldwelivewithouttheInternetnowadays?ButtrytolettheInternetbeyour10servant,notyourbadmaster!,ways,anything/what,on/playing,good,.,10,【练习四】Severalyearsago,therewerefewercars.Butnow,(1)_andmorepeoplehavetheirpersonal(私人的)cars.Theygotowork(2)_car.It(3)_themlesstimeontheway.Inholidays,theygooutfortravelingwiththeir(4)_bycar.Theycanhave(5)_moreconvenientlifebyhavingacar.(6)_carsalsobringussomeproblems;pollution(污染)isthebiggestone.Harmfulsmokefromacarcangetintotheair.Itisverydirty.Itisnotgoodforpeoples(7)_.Andinsomecities,(8)_quitehardforpeopletopark(停车)theircars,becausetherearenot(9)_parkingplaces.Sosomepeople(10)_toparktheircarsinthestreets.,more,by,takes,families,a,But,health,its,enough,have,.,11,【练习五】Mr.Greenisaboutsixty.Hehasnochildrenand1inasmallhouse.Heraisessomechickens,pigsandsheep.Andhegrowsmanyorangetreesaroundhishouse.Hedoeshis2tosaveeverythingandnowhehasalotofmoney.Oneday,heworkedinhisgarden.3,hisjacketwascaughtonabranch(树枝)anditwasbroken.Lookingatthejacket,hedidntknow4todo.Suddenlyherememberedanoldwomanwholivednext5him.Sohewenttoseetheoldwomanwithhisbroken6.“Excuseme,Mrs.White,”saidtheoldman,“7youmendthejacketforme,please?”“Certainly.”answeredtheoldman.,lives,best,Unluckily/Unfortunately,what,to,jacket/cloth,Could/Would,.,12,Half8hourlater,thejacketwasmended.Mr.Greensaid,“Thanks,Mrs.White.Ishouldgiveyousomethingasareward.9theorangesarenotripe.”Theoldwomanknewhimwell.Shesaidwithasmile10herface,“Itdoesntmatter,MrGreen.Youcangivemetwochickens.”,an,But,on,.,13,【练习六】Ladiesandgentlemen:WelcometoCityMuseum.MynameisAlanandIwillbeyourtour1_today.NowletmetellyousomethingaboutthemuseumbeforeI2_youaround.OK,onthefirstfloor,wherewearenow,youwillbe3_toseealotofinterestingscienceexperiments.Youcantrythemallbyyourselves.Wewill4_halfanhourhere.Thenwewillgotothe5_floor-theITfloor,thereyoucanseehowcomputers6_,aswellasmobilephonesandthatkindofthing.Onthesameflooryoucan7_thehistoryofthecar.,guide,take/show,able,spend,second,work,learn/see,.,14,Onthenextflooryouwilllearnallaboutspace,spacetravel8_thehistoryoftheairplane.Onthetopfloor,wewilllookat9_thehumanbodyworksandsomethingaboutplants,treesandnature.So,ifyou10_me,wewillbegin.,and,how,follow,.,15,【练习七】Thechildreninthisneighborhoodenjoyplayingfootball1_muchthattheyplayithereandthereeveninthestreetwhenevertheyarefree.Oneafternoon,Jacksawagroupofchildren2_footballinthestreet.Therewerealotof3_runninginthestreet.How4_itwastoplayfootballinthestreetwhentherewasheavytraffic!Jackdecidedtostopthem.Heranoutofthehouse,andtookthe5_andrantowardsthestadium(体育场).Atfirstthechildrenwerevery6_.Theydidntknow,so,playing,dangerous,cars/trucks,ball/football,angry,.,16,7_Jacktooktheballawayfromthem.Theyranafterhimandshouted,“Its8_!Pleasegiveitback!”Jackdidntstopuntiltheyarrivedatthestadium.Hesaid,“Letsplayhere!”Thechildrenthen9_whyJacktookawaytheball.TheythankedJackandstartedtoplayfootballtogether10_.,why,ours,realized/understood/knew,happily,.,17,【练习八】SoonafterDaveleftcollege,oneofhisuncles,whowasrichandhadnochildrenofhisowndiedand1Davealotofmoney,sohedecidedtosetuphisownrealestateagency(房地产公司)Hefoundaniceoffice,boughtsomenewfurnitureandmoved2.Hehadonlybeenthere3afewhourswhenheheardsomeonewalkingtowardsthedoorofhis4.Itsmyfirstcustomer!hethought.Hequicklypickedupthe5andpretended(假装)tobeverybusy6animportantcallfromsomeoneinNewYork,whowantedto7abigandexpensive8inthecountry.Themanknockedatthedoorwhilethiswasgoingon,cameinand9politelyfortheagent(房地产商)tofinishhistalk.Thenhe10tohim,Imfromthetelephonecompany,andIwassentheretoconnectyourtelephone.,left,in,for,office,phone,answering,buy,house,waited,said,.,18,【练习九】SomepeoplethinkwebuytoomanygiftsbeforeChristmas,(1)_theyhavestartedaspecialday(2)_thenameofBuyNothingDay.Theydontwantanyonetogo(3)_onthatday.BuyNothingDayisafterThanksgivinganditisoftenthefirstdayofChristmasshopping.Atthattime,weseeads(4)_newspapersandonTVtellingusto“BUY!BUY!BUY！”.TheideaforBuyNothingDay(5)_inCanada.Now(6)_allovertheworldcelebrateBuyNothingDay.InCalifornia,parentsandchildrengettogetherto(7)_stories,singsongsanddrawpictures.Thechildren,so,with,shopping,in,started/began,people,read,.,19,talkabout(8)_theydontgetalotoftoys.InNewMexico,highschoolstudentsmakeposterstogivepeopleinformatio