必修4unit2单词讲解

1,Unit2WorkingthelandVocabularies,重点单词1strugglevt.&vi.斗争；拼搏；努力2outputn产量；输出3hungern饥饿；欲望hungryadj.饥饿的；有欲望的4expandvt.&vi.使变大；伸展；阐述expansionn扩大；增加,5circulatevt.&vi.循环；流传circulationn循环流通6battlen战役；战斗；较量；斗争vt.&vi.搏斗；奋斗7thereforeadv.因此；所以；因而,8equipvt.&vi.配备；装备equipmentn设备(不可数)9exportvt.&vi.输出；出口importvt.&vi.输入；入口；进口10nationalityn国籍nationn国家；民族nationaladj.国家的；国有的,共96页,5,1.strugglevi.搏斗,挣扎,努力,拼搏Theywerestrugglingtogetouttheburningcar.他们挣扎着从烧着的车里往外爬。Shestruggledupthestairswithherheavybags.她提着沉重的行李艰难地走上楼梯。搭配struggleagainst与斗争，为反对而斗争，strugglefor为争取而斗争,6,我们必须努力为过上幸福生活而奋斗。Wemuststruggleforahappylife.这位老人一直与病魔斗争。Theoldmanhasstruggledwith/againstillness.,struggletodosth挣扎着做某事strugglefor为奋斗/斗争strugglewith/against与斗争、克服,7,根据提示完成句子。,1)我们三个人努力把汤姆从轮椅抬上了车。Thethreeofus_Tomoutofhiswheelchairintothecar.2)她一生都在为争取国家的独立而战。She_theindependenceofhercountryallherlife.3)我们必须努力克服这种偏见。Wemust_thisprejudice.4)我们必须与各种困难作斗争。Wehaveto_allkindsofdifficulties.,struggledtolift/get,struggledfor,struggleagainst,即学即练,strugglewith,2.expandvt.&vi.使变大；伸展；阐述expansionn.扩张；膨胀；扩大；发展expansiveadj.扩张性的；开展性的；广阔的,Weshouldconstantlybroadenourviewsandexpandourknowledge.我们要不断地开拓自己的眼界、增长见识。,即学即练2(1)Metals_whentheyareheated.金属受热会膨胀。(2)Weve_byopeningtwomorestores.我们增开了两个商店以扩展业务。(3)Irepeatedthequestionandwaitedforherto_.我把问题重复了一遍，等着她进行充分阐述。,expand,expanded,the,business,expand,3.thanksto由于；多亏(介词短语，在句中做原因状语，常置于句首或句末)becauseof因为；由于owingto由于，因之缘故asaresultof作为的结果，由于dueto因为，由于(不能放在句首)onaccountof由于；因为,即学即练9(1)_Jimswarning,weavoidedtheaccident.多亏吉姆的提醒，我们避免了一场事故。(2)Icouldntattendthemeeting_illness.我因病不能出席会议。(3)Thedelaywas_powerfailure.延滞是由于停电。,Thanks,to,owing,to,due,to,dueto,Owingto,Becauseof,thanksto,Thanksto,4.ridsb./oneself/sth.ofsth.使摆脱be/getridof去掉，摆脱；抛弃remindsb.ofsth.提醒某人某事informsb.ofsth.通知某人某事befreeof.摆脱,即学即练10(1)Onedaywewillmanageto_thisterribledisease.总有一天我们有办法使这种可怕的疾病在世界上绝迹。(2)Youmust_theseoldfashionedideas.你必须摒弃这些陈旧观念。(3)Wellhaveto_him.我们必须摆脱他。(4)Howcanwe_allthefliesinthekitchen?我们怎样才能把厨房内的苍蝇统统消灭掉？,rid,the,world,of,rid,yourself,of,get,rid,of,get,rid,of,15,6.Andhewouldmuchratherkeeptimeforhishobbies.wouldrather宁愿，宁可Hedratherworkinthecountryside.用法1：wouldratherthan宁愿而不，与其不如IwouldratherwatchTVathomethangotothecinema.,16,用法2：wouldratherthan=wouldratherthanFacingtheenemies,oursoldierswoulddieratherthangivein.面对敌人,我们的战士宁死不屈。Ratherthanrefusetohelpyou,Iwouldborrowmoneyfrommyfriends.我宁可向朋友借钱,也不愿拒绝帮助你。,共96页,17,即学即练翻译下列句子。1.她宁愿死也不愿意演讲。2.我宁愿你现在回家。3.我宁愿你昨天没做那件事情。,Shewouldratherdiethangiveaspeech.Iwouldrather(that)youwenthomenow.Iwouldrather(that)youhadntdonethatthingyesterday.,18,用所给动词的适当形式填空。,Wewouldrather_(go)onwiththeexperimentthan_(give)itup.2)Iwouldratherhe_(stay)inEnglandnow.虚拟语气3)Heissosad.IwouldratherI_(nottell)himthenews.虚拟语气,go,give,stayed,haventtold,即学即练,共96页,19,考例Toenjoythescenery,Irenewouldratherspendlonghoursonthetrain_travelbyair.(2004全国卷III)A.asB.toC.thanD.while点拨选C。考查句式wouldratherdo.thando.,意为“宁愿做(前者),而不愿做(后者)”。题意为“为欣赏风景,Irene宁愿花很长的时间坐火车而不愿乘飞机”。,thereforeadv.(asaresultofthat)因此；所以,即学即练3Hewasverytiredand_hefellsoundasleep.Hewasverytired._hefellsoundasleep.Hewasverytired,_hefellsoundasleep.他累得很，因此睡得很熟。,therefore,Therefore,so,提示：therefore是副词，不能引导从句，两个句子之间要用连词或者分号；而so是连词，可接从句。,4equipvt.&vi.配备；装备equipmentn.U装备；设备equipsb./sth.withsth.用某物装备某人/物beequippedwithsth.装备有某物equipsb./sth.for(doing)sth.为(做)某事而准备beequipedfor(doing)sthequipsb.todosth.使某人能够做某事sb.beequippedtodosth.某人有准备做某事apieceofequipment一件设备,即学即练4(1)Ourclassroom_aTVsetandataperecorder.我们的教室里配有一台电视和一台录音机。(2)Agoodeducationshould_.良好的教育能使你受用终生。(3)Ourschoolhasbeengiven_.我们学校有了一些赠送的新设备。,is,equipped,with,equip,you,for,life,some,new,equipment,regretv可惜，后悔，遗憾；惋惜；n.遗憾，抱歉,即学即练5(1)Heregretted_careless.Heregretted_careless.他对于自己的粗心大意感到懊悔。(2)Iregret_youthatweareunabletoofferyouemployment.我遗憾地通知你，我们不能雇用你。(3)_，Imustleavenow.令我很遗憾的是，我现在必须离开了。(4)Weheard_thatyouwerenotsuccessfulinyourplan.听到你的计划不能顺利进行，我们觉得很可惜。,having,been,that,he,had,been,to,inform,Much,to,my,regret,with,regret,Robertisindeedawiseman.Oh,yes.HowoftenIhaveregretted_hisadvice!AtotakeBtakingCnottotakeDnottaking解析：regret(not)doing/havingdonesth.表示“后悔(没)做(了)某事”。答案：D,MrBlack，whataboutmyapplication?Oh，Iregret_youthatithasntbeensuccessful.AtellingBtotellChavingtoldDsaid解析：句意为：布莱克先生，我的申请如何？噢，我很遗憾地告诉你，它未通过。由句意可知为“遗憾地要去干某事”，故选择regrettodo的形式。答案：B,leadto通向，导致，致使leadn.tosth.引导到leadsb.todosth.使某人做某事,即学即练12(1)Thebankhasofferedarewardforanyinformation_thearrestofthemen.银行悬赏任何能将这些人绳之以法的情报。(2)What_actingasacareer？是什么让你开始从事演艺事业的？,leadingto,ledyoutotakeup,focusn(兴趣、活动等的)中心；焦点v(使)集中，聚集；(使)聚焦beinfocus焦距对准；清晰beoutoffocus焦距没对准；模糊ofocus把某物集中在焦点上focussth.on(upon)sth.fix.on.使集中于befocusedon/uponsth.befixedon集中于,即学即练6(1)The_mycameraisntworkingproperly.我照相机上的调焦装置有毛病。(2)Herbeautymakesher_.她长得漂亮，很惹人注意。(3)Weshould_ourstudy.我们应该把注意力放在学习上。(4)Shefeltalltheeyes_her.她觉得所有人都在注视着她。,focus,on,the,focus,of,attention,focus,our,attention,on,were,focused,on,reducevt.减少；缩减；简化reduceonesexpenditure减少某人的开支kspendt(r)bereducedtodespair陷入绝望reduceto.降至reduceby.减少了,即学即练7(1)Hepersuadedthemto_theprice_$1000.他设法使他们的价格降到1000美元。(2)Productioncostshave_onethird.生产成本下降了1/3。(3)Thefire_theforest_afewtrees.大火把森林烧得仅剩下几棵树了。,reduce,to,been,