高三一班公开课课件名词性从句ppt课件

Nounclauses,名词性从句,1,Weallarepresentatthemeeting.WeallarepresentatthemeetingbutJohnisnt.Weallarepresentatthemeetingbecauseitisveryimportant.,简单句,并列句,复合句,我们所有人都出席了会议.,2,句子划分按结构划分:,简单句,并列句,复合句,名词性从句(主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句),形容词性从句:定语从句,副词性从句:比较状语从句,地点状语从句,时间状语从句,让步状语从句,条件状语从句,目的状语从句,方式状语从句,结果状语从句,原因状语从句.,复合句:,3,Weallarepresentatthemeeting.,简单句,分析句子成分,主语,be动词,表语,宾语,同位语,4,概念:在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫名词性从句(NounClauses）。名词性从句的功能相当于名词,它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词性从句又可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。,名词性从句,5,连接词：that,whether,if在从句中不担任任何成分,本身也没有词义,不可省略(宾语从句除外)连接代词：what,whatever,who,whoever,whom,whose,which.在句中充当成分连接副词：when,where,how,why在句中做状语,连接词:,6,主语从句TheSubjectClause,一.定义:在复合句中充当主语的句子叫做主语从句。,Whatyousaidyesterdayisright.Thatsheisstillaliveisagoodthing.,Forexample:,7,二.连接词:连词that，whether;连接代词：who,what,which;连接副词：when,where,how,why等.三.主语从句的两种结构:主语从句可以放句首；也可以放句末，用it做形式主语.Forexample:,8,2.Whetherhewillcomehasntbeendecided.=Ithasntbeendecidedwhetherhewillcome.,Thattheearthisroundistrue.=Itistruethattheearthisround.,9,以it作形式主语，把主语从句后置的常用句型有：,1.It+be+形容词+that从句,（1）Itiscertainthatshewilldowellinherexam.（2）Itispossiblethathetoldhereverything.,10,2、It+be+名词词组+that从句,(1)Itisapitythatwecantgo.(2)Itisnosurprisethatourteamshouldhavewonthegame.,11,(1)Itissaidthatheisthebeststudentintheclass.(2)ItisthoughtthatJoedrivesbadly.,3、It+be+过去分词+that从句,12,4、It+不及物(happen,appear等)动词+that从句。(1)IthappenedthatIwasoutthatday.,13,主语从句中的“主谓一致”：,1.一个主语从句作主语相当于第三人称单数作主语，谓语动词用单数；2.如果由and连接两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语，谓语动词用复数；3.由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句，谓语动词用单数。,注意,14,Howandwhyhedidtheexperimentareunknowntoall.2.Howhedidtheexperimentandwhyhedidtheexperimentisunknowntoall.3.Whenhedidtheexperimenthasnotbeendecidedyet.,is,are,15,2.What引导主语从句时,主句谓语动词的单复数由表语的单复数决定.,Whathewants_thesebooks.Whathewants_somewater.,are,is,16,宾语从句TheObjectClause,一.在复合句中充当宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。,二.宾语从句类型:1).作动词宾语,Idontknowthatyouwillcomehere.Iwonderwhathehasdone.,17,2).作介词宾语TheteacherissatisfiedwithwhatIsaid.Heisthinkingabouthowtosolvetheproblem.,18,3).用作某些形容词的宾语：,这类形容词常见的有sure,certain,glad,pleased,happy,afraid,surprised,satisfied等。表示某种情感的形容词.(1)Iamafraid(that)Ivemadeamistake.(2)Iamsure(that)hewillwinthegame.,19,4)用it作形式宾语,Wethinkitourdutythatweshouldhelpothers.Ifinditimpossiblethatheshouldfinishtheworkintwodays.,动词find,feel,make,think,believe,consider后有宾补时,则需用it作形式宾语,而将真正的宾语从句后置,这时that不可省略,20,宾语从句注意事项,1.引导宾语从句的连词that常可省去，但是如果是并列的多个宾语从句，只能省第一个.,有些动词/动词词组如:like/dislike/love/hate/appreciate/make/seeto/take/owe/dependon+it后常跟if或when从句,Ihateitwhenpeoplelaughatthedisabled.,Youmaydependonitthatyouparentswillhelpyouwheneveryouneedit.,21,2.宾语从句中的否定转移,我认为他不会来这里,Ithinkhewontcomehere.()Idontthinkhewillcomehere.()Ibelievehewontseeyou.()Idontbelievehewillseeyou.(),注意：如果宾语从句是由I/We+think,believe,imagine,suppose,expect等词引导的时候，要将从句中的否定形式转移到主句中去。,22,注意：这类句子后若带有反意问句，应采用肯定形式，反意问句部分应于从句主语一致。(宾语从名反意问句要根据主句)Idontbelievesheknowsit,doesshe?Idontknowwhenhejoinedthearmy,doI?,23,表语从句ThePredicativeClause,二.类型:1.放在be动词之后。2.可以放在连系动词look,remain,seem等后。另外,常用的还有thereasonisthat和Itisbecause等结构。例如：,Itseemsthatitisgoingtorain.,Thequestioniswhetheritisworthdoing,一.定义:在复合句中充当表语的从句叫做表语从句,24,注意事项：1.在表语从句中，当reason,result,cause,why作主语时，引导词只能用that，不能用because，Thereasonwhyhewaslatewashedidntcatchtheearlybus.Whywedecidedtoputoffthefootballmatchistheweatherwastoobad.,that,that,25,2.asif/though,because也可引导表语从句.asif/though需要注意两种语气.(陈述语气,虚拟语气).because常用于This/That/Itisbecause结构中.,Itlooksasifitsgoingtorain.,Thatwasbecausehedidntunderstandme.,26,同位语从句TheAppositiveClause,二.同位语从句的功能同位语从句对于名词进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容Thenewsthatshepassedtheexamexcitedherparents.,一.定义:同位语从句就是在复合句中作名词的同位语的从句。,三.能接同位语从句的名词有：fact,idea,news,information,order,belief,suggestion,advice等(常为抽象名词),27,四.连接词一般由that引导,也可根据选用whether,what,when,where,等来引导同位语从句。Ihavenoideawherehecomesfrom.Thereissomedoubtwhetherhewillpasstheexam.Thereisnodoubtthathewillpasstheexam.,28,IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametoBeijing.Ihavenoideawhenshewillbeback.,注意:when,where引导定语从句时,其意义与先行词有关;但引导同位语从句时,其意义与同位的词无关,”什么时候,哪儿”,29,五.同位语在句子中的位置同位语从句紧跟在名词后面.Weallknowthetruththattheearthgoesroundthesun.同位语从句有时可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后面，而是被别的成分隔开,称为分隔式的同位语从句。HegotthenewsfromMarythatthesportsmeetingwasputoff.,30,同位语从句与定语从句的区别,1）定语从句是形容词性的，对先行词起修饰、限制的作用，同位语从句是名词性的，对名词具体内容的补充说明。2）that在定语从句中担任句子成分，是关系代词。that在同位语从句中不担任句子成分，是从属连词，通常不能省略。,注意事项:,31,同位语从句,定语从句,解释说明；that在从句中不充当成分但是不能省。,修饰限定；that在从句中有成分、作宾语时可以省。,Thenewsthatshepassedtheexamexcitedherparents.,Thenewsthatweknowfromherexcitedallofus.,32,1.他是怎么成功的仍然是个谜。Howwashesuccessfulisstillapuzzle.()Howhewassuccessfulisstillapuzzle.(),2.你能告诉我他住在什么地方吗？Couldyoutellmewherehelives?()Couldyoutellmewheredoeshelive?(),F,T,T,F,名词性从句考点归纳,一、名词性从句的语序,T,判断下列句子是否正确，（TorF）,陈述语序,33,二.时态：学习名词性从句时，除了要注意从句的引导词，语序等外，还要注意从句谓语动词与主句谓语动词的时态一致关系。,34,在宾语从句中，(遵循直接引语变间接引语的原则)当主句是一般现在时，宾语从句可以根据需要用各种时态。如：,Marysaysthat,Tomisntlazy.Tomisdoingwellinhislesson.ShewillaskTomsomequestions.Tommayfallbehindtheothers.,35,Shemissedusverymuch.Shewaswritingaletter.ShewouldvisittheGreatWall.,Shesaidthat,如果主句谓语动词是一般过去时，则宾语从句须用过去的某种时态。如：,36,(1)Theteachersaidthatlighttravelsmuchfasterthansound.(2)Theoldmansaidthesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.,如果宾语从句表示的是客观真理，其谓语动词则仍用一般现在时。如：,37,三.名词性从句中的虚拟语气,1.宾语从句一“坚持”(insist),二“命令”(order,command),三“建议”(advise,suggest,propose),四“要求”(ask,demand,require,request,desire)另附催促与推荐（urgerecommend）+(that)sb(should)do.或是(that)sb/sth(should)bedone,38,我们建议Tom去休息一下。他坚持要我与他同行。他们要求派Tom去那儿工作。老师要求作业要及时完成。,Wesuggested_.,Heinsisted_.,Theyrequested(that)Tom_.,(that)Tomhavearest,(that)I(should)gowithhim,(should)besenttoworkthere,Theteacherasked(that)ourhomework_.,(should)befinishedintime,39,2.在主语、表语、同位语从句中这些动词相对应的名词性从句也用shoulddoItisordered/commanded/suggested/advised/requested/required/demandedthat(should)doThe/Onesinsistence/order/command/suggestion/advice/proposal/recommendation/request/requirement/demand/desireis/wasthat(should)doa/thesuggestion/request(等)that(should)do,主语从句,表语从句,同位语从句,40,Itssuggestedthattheplan(should)becarriedoutatonce.Theoldwomansdemandisthatherson(should)cometoseeheronceaweek.Weareinfavoroftheadvicethatthefactory(should)becloseddown.,41,3.wish的宾语从句,1.wish的宾语从句,与现在事实相反:一般过去时(be用were)与过去事实相反:过去完成时与将来事实相反:would/could+V.原should,42,IwishI_(be)astallasYaoMing.,were,43,Iwish/wishedI_(havenot)eatensomuchwatermelon.,hadnt,44,Hewisheshe_(become)ascientistsomeday.,could/wouldbecome,45,4.在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等,谓语动词用虚拟语气“(should)+do”,常用的句型有：（1）Itisnecessary(important,natural,strange,etc.)that.（2）Itisapity(ashame,nowonder,etc.)that.,4