MedicalTerminology9解读.ppt

1,1,MedicalTerminology,EricNiu,DailyExpressionsforDoctors,1.甲肝病毒的传播主要通过以下几种方式：人与人之间的直接接触；接触被污染了的水，冰，以及从这些被污染的水中所打捞的海鲜；或者食用未煮过的蔬菜水果以及其他食物。,TransmissionofHepatitisAviruscanoccurthroughdirectpersontopersoncontact;throughexposuretocontaminatedwater,ice,orshellfishharvestedincontaminatedwater;orfromuncookedfruits,vegetables,orotherfoods,DailyExpressionsforDoctors,2.伤寒热可由被污染了的饮用水和食物传播。,Typhoidfevercanbecontractedthroughcontaminateddrinkingwaterorfood.,3.患糖尿病的病人每年都应接受检眼镜检查，以筛查糖尿病视网膜病。,Patientswithdiabetesshouldhaveophthalmoscopyeveryyeartocheckfordiabeticretinopathy.,DailyExpressionsforDoctors,4.伤寒热的大规模爆发常常与水源的粪便污染有关。,Largeoutbreaksoftyphoidfeveraremostoftenrelatedtofaecalcontaminationofwatersupplies.,5.如果在一项测验中，主试和被试都不知道谁接受了治疗，那么这项测验就是双盲测验。,Atrialinwhichneitherthesubjectsnortheresearchersknowwhoisreceivingthetreatmentisadouble-blindtrial.,DailyExpressionsforDoctors,6.男女士兵受创伤后压力症候群的影响是等同的。,Maleandfemalesoldiersareequallyaffectedbypost-traumaticstressdisorder.,7.在所有国家中，肺癌在男性中的发病比女性中更为普遍。,Inallcountries,lungcancerwasmorecommoninmenthaninwomen.,DailyExpressionsforDoctors,8.英国所需要的是为绝症患者提供更好的临终关怀以及更多的安宁疗护中心，以让这些患者死得有尊严。,WhatBritainneedsisbetterpalliativecareandmorehospicesfortheterminallyilltoallowsuchpatientstodiewithdignity.,9.HIV的发病率在撒哈拉沙漠以南的非洲地区最高。,TheincidenceofHIVinfectionishighestinsub-Saharanarea.,WordsandExpressions,病例对照研究,含片,lozenge,糖浆,syrup,血清,serum,胶囊,capsule,Review,颗粒剂,granules,散剂,powder,气雾剂,aerosol,注射液,injection,Review,棉签,cottonswab,剃毛,shaveoffhairs,嘴里有臭味,afoultasteinthemouth,肚子胀,feelbloated/distended,阵痛,boutsofpain,Review,浑浊的小便,cloudyurine,麻木和刺痛,numbnessandtingling,剧烈运动,strenuousexercise,鼻子不通,stuffednose,隐痛,dullache,Review,prefix,Meaning,ventri-/ventro-,belly,back,dorsi-/dorso-,between,among,inter-,around,near,circum-/peri,Review,prefix,Meaning,through,across,dia-,trans-,per-,Review,prefix,Meaning,not,without,a-/an-/ana-,in-/im-,ill-,ir-,non-,un-,Review,脊髓前柱,ventricolumn,肩胛背侧的,dorsiscapular,心室间的,interventricular,角膜周围的,circumcorneal,Review,血管周围炎,periangiitis,透析,dialysis,输血,transfusion,穿孔,perforate,Review,皮肤萎缩,adermotrophia,血管发育不全,anangioplasia,incoagulable,不能凝固的,阳痿,impotence,心率不齐,irrhythmia,17,ChapterThree,CommonAffixesofMedicalWords,PrefixesRepresentingReversal/Opposing,Prefix,Meaning,ab-,awayfrom;off;outsideof;oppositeto,Example,关节外,离心尖的,abarticular,abapical,断奶,ablactation,离开，外，反,不正常的,abnormal,Prefix,Meaning,anti-,against,opposing;oppositeto,Example,antibiotic,抗生素,抗凝的,anticoagulant,解热剂,antifebrile/antipyretic,解痉剂,antispasmin,对抗，反,Prefix,Meaning,de-,Example,除去，逆，反,removaloforfromsth.reversalofsth.departurefrom,脱敏,deallergize,分解，腐烂,decompose,畸形，变形,deformity,Prefix,Meaning,dis-,reversal,removal，negation,Example,去酸,disacidity,discomfort,不舒适,异化作用,disassimilation,相反，去除/分开，否定,PrefixesRepresenting“Beingthesame”,Prefix,Meaning,co-,Example,coadaptation,相互适应,coenzyme,辅酶,together;jointorjointly;mutualormutually;Indicatingpartnership,协同凝集,coagglutination,Prefix,Meaning,com-(beforeb/m/p),Example,commisurectomy,连合部切开术,complement,combination,补体,化合,together;jointorjointly;,Meaning,Prefix,Example,collinear,共线的,colliquefaction,溶合,col-(beforel),together;jointorjointly;,Meaning,con-,Prefix,Example,concentric,同心的,confluence,融合,同时的,concurrent,together;jointorjointly;,Meaning,cor-,Prefix,Example,correlation,相互关系,符合，一致,correspondece,together;jointorjointly;mutualormutually;,Meaning,homeo-,like,similar,Prefix,Example,hemeostasis,内稳态,同型,hemeotype,同种骨成形术,hemeo-osteoplasty,Meaning,homo-,Prefix,Example,homokeratoplasty,同种角膜移植术,同胚的，同源的,homoblastic,同心的,homocentric,like,similar,Meaning,homoio-,Prefix,Example,homoiothermic,恒温的,同种毒素,homoiotoxin,内稳态,homoiostasis,like,similar,Meaning,tauto-,Prefix,Example,tautomenial,同经期的,same,identical,PrefixesRepresenting“Beingthedifferent”,Meaning,allo-,Prefix,Example,allocholesterol,别胆固醇,异源二倍体,allodiploid,allolalia,言语障碍,different,dysfunction,Meaning,allotrio-,Prefix,Example,allotriophagy,异食癖,畸胎生产,allotrioexist,different,strange,foreign,Meaning,aniso-,Prefi