主谓一致精品PPT课件

主谓一致,Subject-VerbAgreement,要点精析,【定义】主谓语一致指的是句子的谓语动词与其主语在人称、性、数上必须保持一致。【三条原则】1.意义一致:主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致2.就近一致:谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语3.语法一致:单复数形式与谓语要一致,-,3,I.意义一致,二.主语中有all,apart,half,most,therest等,以及“分数或百分数+名词”作主语时,谓语动词的单复数取决于其连用的名词.,一、有些集合名词如:class,family,government,group,team,audience,enemy，committee等，如果强调整体，谓语用单数形式；如果强调其中一个个成员，谓语动词用复数形式。注意：police,people,cattle等这些集合名词作主语时谓语通常用复数形式。,-,4,3“the+形容词/过去分词形式”表示一类人或事物作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式.,4表示时间,金钱,距离,度量等的名词复数形式作主语作为一个单一的概念时,其谓语动词用单数.,II.就近一致1.由here,there,where等引导的倒装句中,以及用连词or,either.or,neither.nor,notonly.butalso,notbut(不是而是)等连接的并列主语,谓语动词与靠近它的主语在数上一致.,1）Eitherthegirlsortheboy_inAmerica.(is/are),2）NotonlyLilyandLucybutalsoTom_(is/are)tiredofhavingoneexamafteranother.,is,is,practice,-,5,III.语法一致,1.由with,alongwith,togetherwith,aswellas（和一起），but，except,besides(除了),ratherthan(而不是),including,inadditionto（包括）等连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词应与前一个名词或代词相一致。,2.由and连接的成对名词被看成是一个整体,表示一个整体的概念时,谓语动词用单数，如:breadandbutter(黄油抹面包),knifeandfork(刀叉)；反之用复数。,-,6,3.不定式,动名词,或从句作主语时,谓语动词用单数。,4.用and连接的并列主语被each,every或no修饰时,谓语动词用单数.,5.若主语中有morethanone或manya/an,尽管从意义上看是复数,但它的谓语动词仍用单数.,6.名词如:trousers,scissors,clothes,goods,glasses等作主语时,谓语动词必须用复数.但这些名词前若出现apairof,谓语一般用单数.,7.形复意单名词如:means,news;以ics结尾的学科名称如:physics,mathematics;国名如:theUnitedStates;报纸名如:theNewTimes;书名；疾病名称如：SARS(非典),AIDS等作主语时，谓语用单数。,-,7,3.Thefamily_(is/are)abigone.4.Thefamily_(is/are)havingdinnernow.,Conclusion:1,are,is,1.Thegroup_(is/are)madeupofninestudents.2.Thegroup_(is/are)dancinghappily.,is,are,-,8,1.Mostoftheappleswererotten.2.Mostoftheapple_(was/were)eatenbyarat.3.Alloftheapples_(was/were)eatenbythelittleboy.4.Nearly60percentofthestudentsinourclass_(is/are)boys.5.Threefourthsofthebread_byBob,andtherestofthebread_leftonthetable.A.waseaten/wereB.wereeaten/wasC.wereeaten/wereD.waseaten/was,are,D,Conclusion:2,was,were,-,9,Conclusion:3,1.Twentyyearsisonlyashorttimeinhumanhistory.2.Tenmiles_(is/are)ashortdistance.3.Tendollars_(is/are)toomuchtopay.,Conclusion:4,1.Theinjuredweresavedafterthefire.2.Theold_(is/are)welltakencareofinourcountry.,are,is,is,-,10,a.There/Here_apenandsomebooksforyou.b.There/Here_somebooksandapenforyou.A.isB.areC.haveD.has2.Neitherthestudentsnortheteacher_(know/knows)anythingaboutit.3.Youorhe_(have/has)takenmypen.4.Notonlyhisfamilymembersbutalsohe_(was/were)invited.5.Eitherhisparentsortheboy_(is/are)inAmerica.,Conclusion,A,B,knows,has,was,is,-,11,1.Apoorwomantogetherwithherfourchildren_(was/were)foundbegginginthestreet.2.Theprofessor,aswellasallofhisstudents_(has/have)goneabroad.3.Anexpert,alongwithsomeassistants,_(was/were)senttohelpinthiswork.,was,has,Conclusion:1,was,-,12,Servingthepeopleismygreathappiness.Whenwellgooutforanoutinghasbeendecided.Toseeistobelieve.,Conclusion:3,1.Everyboyandeverygirllikestogoswimming.2.Noteacherandnostudentwasabsentfromthemeeting.3.Eachmanand(each)womanwasaskedtohelp.,Conclusion:4,Manyboyslikeplayingbasketball.Manyaboylikesplayingbasketball.Morethanoneboylikesplayingbasketball.,Conclusion:5,-,13,1.Glasses_(are/is)useful.眼镜有用。2.Apairofglasses_(are/is)onthedesk.桌上有一副眼镜.,Conclusion:6,1.TheUnitedStates_(are/is)apowerfulcountrywithdiverseculture.2.Politics_(are/is)noteasyforthestudentstolearnwell.,Conclusion:7,are,is,is,is,-,14,Ahammerandasawareusefultools.锤子和锯都是有用的工具.(两样物)2.Thepoetandthewriter_(have/has)come.3.Thepoetandwriter_(have/has)come.那位诗人兼作家来了.,Conclusion:2,have,has,-,15,1.a.Icanworkouttwoofthefiveproblems,buttherest_toodifficultforme.b.Ihavefinishedonethirdofthework,andtherest_leftforyou.A.isB.areC.hasD.have,Practice,3.a.Myfamily_abigone.b.Thefamily_sittingroundthetablenow.A.isB.wereC.wasD.are,B,A,A,D,2.a.EitheryouorI_goingtotheteachersofficeafterclass.b._eitheryouorIgoingtotheteachersofficeafterclass?A.isB.areC.amD.has,c,B,-,16,4.a.There_amagazine,afewlettersandsomenewspapersonthetable.b.There_afewletters,amagazineandsomenewspaperonthetable.A.isB.areC.haveD.has5.a.Therestofthestudentsintheschool_goingtostayatschool.b.Therestofhisincome_togivetohismother.A.isB.areC.amD.be6.a.Neithermyparentsnormysister_knownthesecret.b.Neithermysisternormyparents_knownthesecret.A.haveB.hasC.amD.be,A,B,B,A,B,A,-,17,MostofthepeopleinthePhilippines_(is/are)black.2.Halfofthiswork_(have/has)beenfinished.3.Oneorperhapsmorepages_(was/were)lost.4.Twohours_(is/are)enoughforustofinishthework.5.Nearly60percentoftheteachersinourschool_(is/are)men.6.Theyoung_(is/are)fondofsurfingtheInternet.7.Fortydollars_(is/are)abigsumtohim.8.There_(is/are)somewaterandstonesinthebottle.,Fillintheblanks.,are,has,were,is,are,are,is,is,要点精析,【定义】主谓语一致指的是句子的谓语动词与其主语在人称、性、数上必须保持一致。【三条原则】1.意义一致原则:主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致2.就近一致原则:谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语3.语法一致原则:单复数形式与谓语要一致,-,19,(一）意义一致（语言内容上一致）1.familyschoolclassteamgroupgovernmentpublic,+复数谓语v（表示个体）,+单数谓语v（表示整体）,-,20,2.peoplepolicecattle,+复数谓语v,-,21,3.newstheUnitedStateseconomicsmathsphysicspolitics,+单数谓语v,-,22,trousersclothesgoodsglasses,+复数谓语v,-,23,4.each/every+n+and+(each/every)+n+单数谓语v5.数词和表示时间、距离、重量、度量、衡量、金钱等复数名词作主语，谓语v常用单数形式,-,24,(二）、就近原则（就近原则）1.AorBEitherAorBNetherAnorBNotonlyAbutalsoB,+谓语v与最近A或B一致,-,25,2.在therebe的结构中，谓语动词的单复数形式一般也采取就近原则,-,26,3.倒装。谓语与紧跟在后面的主语一致。,-,27,(三）、语法形式一致1.n./pron.(Single)TodosthDoingsthAclause,单数谓语v,2.n./pron.(pl.)BothAandBTodoAandtodoBDoingAanddoingBAsentenceandasentence,复数谓语v,-,28,3.includingaswellaswithalongwithtogetherwithaccompaniedbyexcept/but/besidesratherthan,A+,+B+谓语v(与主语A一致）,-,29,4.EitherNeitherEachTheotherAnotherSome/any/no/every+body(one;thing),+单数谓语v,-,30,5.The+n+and+n+单数谓语vThe+n+and+the+n+复数谓语v6.The+adj.(表示一类人)+复数谓语v,-,31,7.allofmostofalotofsomeofpl