小升初之最全语音知识

拼读规则辅音和辅音组合音节拼读语音书写分类辅音28元音20元音和元音组合字母读音分类音标思维导图划分音节1. 音标1.1 音标的分类1.1.1元音（20个）长元音/i:/u:/ /:/ /:/ /:/短元音/ / / / / /e/ /双元音/e/ /a/ / / /a/ / / / /e/ 1.1.2辅音（28个）清辅音/p/ /t/ /k/ /f/ / /t/ /h/ /s/ /ts/tr/浊辅音/b/ /d/g/ /v/ / /d/ /r/ /z/ /dz/ /dr/鼻 音/m/n/ 边音/l/半元音/ w/ /j/1.2 音标的书写2. 拼读规则2.1 音节2.1.1 分类 绝对开音节 （元音字母结尾） hi， she开音节相对开音节 (元辅e) face, kite重读音节闭音节 (元辅结尾 除r,w) sit, bedr音节 (元r为主体) car, horse, birdre 音节 ( re 为主体) are, here, more非重读音节 (轻而模糊) today2.1.2 划分音节一个元音一音节，字母组合算一个一靠后，二分手，多个中间偏左右2.2 字母读音2.2.1 元音字母， 元音字母组合 元音字母发音规则字母音标构成举例a/元辅cat bad bag/e/元辅e（不发音）name cake planee/e/元辅 bed let yes/i:/元辅e（不发音） he these evei/元辅 pig big fit/a/元辅e（不发音） bike nice fine0/元辅 box hot not/元辅e（不发音） home phone odeu/元辅 us cup cut/j u:/元辅e（不发音） use mute cute 常见元音字母组合发音a相关ar/:/warm war/:/car star card market farmai/e/tail rainy train wait waiterair/e/air hair chair stairsay/e/day play may say way/Monday Wednesday Sunday al/:/talk walk chalkall/:l/all ball small tallAs, ass/:s/grass class ask lastWa, wha/wash what watch wantaw/:/paws draw e 相关ere/here/e/where thereea/i:/sea eat peach teacher/e/head bread feather weatherear/ear dear hear near /e/bear pear /:/early learnee/i:/bee three green meet sleepi相关ir/:/bird girl skirt thirstyigh/a/light right flight tightO相关o/mother come some monkeyor/:/for short horse store or oa/road boat coat goat soap oo/u:/ too zoo cool afternoon spoon room kangaroo/good, foot classroom look book cookiesou/a/cloudy house mouse mouth blouse mountainow/a/cow how now brown down flower/slow know follow yellowoi,oy/boy toiletu相关ur/:/nurse hurt fur turn2.2.2 辅音字母，辅音字母组合辅音字母发音规则掐头法f/f/ Five father farmm/m/Mum small milkn/n/Nice no an 去尾法b/b/ Bag bed bigd/d/Dog dad dayj/d/Jam jump jacketk/k/ Kite king milkp/p/ Pig people potatot/t/ Tide time team v /v/Five voice vest z/z/Zoo zip特殊记h/h/ Hot hat home w/ w/We wife wolf westc/k/Cat cold can/s/ e, i y 前City rice pencil face cycleg/d/Age change /g/ Give dog girl / 组合音 Ing, ong, eng, ang, ung, sing, song.l/l/ 元前Like leg blue /l/ 元后 Feel ball smileq(u)/kw/ 词头中 Quit quite quiz/k/ 词尾 Unique Iraqr/r/Rice ride write right元r，r不发音Car, bird, doctors/s/ 掐头，清清Sad same six /z/ 浊浊，元浊Hugs loves yoursx/gz/Exam exist/ks/Next box fox texty/j/ y 元Yes yet year yellow/a/ 辅yMy try fly / 组合音，元yPay buy boy 常见辅音组合发音ch/t/Chair change China each catch/k/School Christmas/d/sandwichck/k/Back black sick knock quickdge,/d/Bridge judge knowledgenk/k/Think thank ng/ 词尾Long strong bring belong song/g/ 词中Angry English hungry languageph/gh/f/ Photo physics laughsh/Fish wash wish shape shaketh/The this they than then there mother/Thank think thing throw tooth truthwh/h/ o前Who whom whose whole/