period3Learningaboutlanguage.ppt

Unit2Englisharoundtheworld,Learningaboutlanguage,1Matchthewordsandexpressions.,1.petrol2.voyage3.gradually4.frequently5.identity6.thelatter7.actually8.fluent,A.whoorwhatsomebodyorsomethingisB.awordforgasinBritishEnglishC.notsuddenD.infactE.thesecondoftwothingsorpeoplealreadymentionedF.oftenG.longtripbyseaorinspaceH.abletospeakorwritealanguagewell,Discoveringusefulwordsandexpressions,ItisnoteasyforaChinesepersontospeakEnglishas_asa_Englishspeaker.OnereasonisthatEnglishhasalarge_.ItalsohasdifferentusageindifferentEnglishspeakingcountries.,native,vocabulary,fluently,CompletethispassagewiththewordsfromtheWarmingupandReading.,Ifyouuse“flat”insteadof“_”,peopleinAmericawillknowyouhavelearnedBritishEnglish.Ifyouusetheword_insteadof“lift”inBritain,peoplewillknowyouhavestudiedAmericanEnglish.,apartment,elevator,“Willyou_tomyflat?”askedthespidertothefly.“_itssopleasanttolookdownfromsohigh._theclearskyitspossibletoseeBuildings_theatresandhotels,Addthesephrasestotherhymesothatitmakessense.suchasmakeuseofbecauseofcomeupatpresent,comeup,Atpresent,Becauseof,suchas,bythesea.Sowontyouplease_thischancetolook?”Theflyagreedimmediatelywithoutasecondthought.Butassoonasshewentupwithastepsolightthatday,Thespidercaughtandateherandshewasneverseenagain!Thenreadtherhymealoudandmarkthesensegroups.,makeuseof,1.Therearesomanypeople_thestreet.2.Theyaregoingtohaveaparty_theweekend.,4SometimesBritishandAmericanpeopleusedifferentprepositionsforthesameidea.Chooseapairofprepositions.Thencomparethem.at/onpast/afterin/onfrom/than,in/on,at/on,3.Wewillleavefortheairportataquarter_five.4.Hisbrotheris_themostfamousfootballteaminEngland.5.Asweknow,BritishEnglishisalittledifferent_AmericanEnglish.,past/after,in/on,from/than,6.Aretheremanychildrenplaying_theplayground?DoyouknowwhichusageisBritishEnglishandwhichisAmerican?Discussinpairsandtheninclass.,in/on,in,at,on,after,from,past,than,on,in,on,in,on,Grammar,DirectandIndirectSpeech,RequestsandCommands,1.Hesaid:“Iveleftmypeninmyroom.”Hetoldmethathehadlefthispeninhisroom.,Shesaidthathewouldbebusy.,2.Shesaid:“Hewillbebusy.”,复习(把下列直接引语改为间接引语),SheaskedTomif/whetherhecouldhelpher.,3.ShesaidtoTom,“Canyouhelpme?”,TheteacheraskedmehowIhadrepairedit.,4.Theteacherasked,“Howdidyourepairit?”,4.如何变时态：直接引语间接引语,一般现在时一般将来时现在进行时一般过去时现在完成时过去完成时,一般过去时过去将来时过去进行时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时,如：1)Shesaid.“Ihavelostapen.”Shesaidshehadlostapen.2)Shesaid.“Wehopeso.”Shesaidtheyhopedso.3)Shesaid.“Hewillgotoseehisfriend.”Shesaidhewouldgotoseehisfriend.,1)直接引语是客观真理。“Theearthmovesaroundthesunandthemoonmovesaroundtheearth”,theteachertoldme.Theteachertoldmetheearthmovesaroundthesunandthemoonmovesaroundtheearth.,但要注意在以下几种情况下。在直接引语变为间接引语时,时态一般不变化。,2)直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语,变为间接引语时,时态不变。XiaoWangsaid.“IwasbornonApril2l,1980.”XiaoWangsaidhewasbornonApril21,1980.,3)直接引语中被引述的部分是反复出现的,习惯性的动作或说话时情况仍然存在的,变间接引语时,时态保持不变。,Theboysaidtous,“Iusuallygetupatsixeveryday.”,Theboytoldusheusuallygetsupatsixeveryday.,4)若直接引语中含有when,since,while等引导的表示过去的时间状语从句,变间接引语时,从句时态不变。如：Shesaid,“IwenttherewhenIwassixyearsold.”Shesaidshehadgonetherewhenshewassixyearsold.,5)若直接引语的谓语中含有would,should,might,must,usedto,oughtto,hadbetter等动词时。如：Shesaid,“Weshouldhelpeachother.”Shesaidweshouldhelpeachother.,直接引语,间接引语,指示代词,时间状语,地点状语,方向性动词,this,that,these,those,now,then,today,thatday,thisweek,thatweek,yesterday,thedaybefore,lastweek,theweekbefore,fourdaysago,fourdaysbefore,thedaybeforeyesterday,twodaysbefore,tomorrow,thenextday,nextmonth,thenextmonth,here,there,come,go,bring,take,CanyoufindthefollowingcommandandrequestfromReading?Letsseehowtoretelltheminindirectspeech.,EXAMPLES,“Lookatthisexample,”theteachersaidtous.Theteachertoldustolookatthatexample.“Wouldyouliketoseemyflat?”sheasked.Sheaskedmetoseeherflat./SheaskedmeifIdliketoseeherflat.,1,Lookat2onpage12.CommandRequest,Openthewindow.,Directspeech,Indirectspeech,MissLitoldustoopenthewindow.,Willyoupleaseopenthewindow?,MissLiaskedustoopenthewindow.,told,to,asked,to,Dontopenthewindow.,MissLitoldusnottoopenthewindow.,not,told,“Writealettertoyourparents.”“Dontplaygamesintheclassroom.”“CanyoupassonthebooktoTom?”“Willyoupleasenotsmokehere?”,Theteachertoldmetowritealetter.,Theteacherorderedmenottoplaygames.,Theteacheraskedmetopasson,Theteacheraskedmenottosmokethere.,Trytodothis:,Indirectspeech,Requests:AaskedBtodosth.AaskedBnottodosth.,Commands:Atold/orderedBtodosth.Atold/orderedBnottodosth.,“Itisafineday.Letsgotothecountryforapicnic.”Petersaidtome.,Petersaidthatitwasafinedayandaskedmetogotothecountryforapicnicwithhim.,Petertoldmethatitwasafinedayandletusgotothecountryforapicnic.,Hesaid,“Letsgotothefilm.”Hesuggestedgoingtothefilm.或Hesuggestedthattheyshouldgotoseethefilm.,直接引语如果是以“Lets”开头的祈使句,变为间接引语时,通常用“suggest+动名词(或从句)”。如:,1.HesaidtoTom,“Dontdotheworkanymore.”,HetoldTomnottodotheworkanymore.,2.Mrs.Greensaid,“Pleasesingusasong,MissWhite.”3.“Bequiet,children.”saidMrs.Wilson.,Mrs.GreenaskedMissWhitetosingthemasong.,Mrs.Wilsontoldthechildrentobequiet.,4.Allthepeoplecried,“Whatmagnificentclothestheseare!”,Allthepeoplecriedwhatmagnificentclothesthosewere.,感叹句,直引:主语+动词+“感叹句”间引:主语+动词+陈述句e.g.Hesaid,“Whatafinedayitis!”Hesaidwhatafinedayitwas.Hesaid,“Howfinethedayis!”Hesaidhowfinethedaywas.Heexclaimedthatitwasafineday.,Readthesesentencesanddecidewhichisacommandandwhichisarequest.Thenretelltheminindirectspeech.,Thechildrensaidtotheirteacher:“Wouldyoupleasesingasongforus?”Themothersaidtoherchild:“Turnofftheradio!”Thedentistsaidtoapatient:“Openyourmouthplease,soIcanseethebadtoothclearly.”,R,C,R,Thechildrenaskedtheirteachertosingasongforthem.,Themothertoldherchildtoturnofftheradio.,Thedentistaskedhis/herpatienttoopenhis/hermouthsothathe/shecouldseethebadtoothclearly.,3,3.Thesecretarysaidtothewomanonthephone:“Couldyouholdonforaminute?”4.Johnsaidtohisclassmate:“CanIborrowyourpenplease?”5.Theteachersaidtohisstudent:“Comeuptomyoffice!”,R,R,C,Thesecretaryaskedthewomanonthephonetoholdonforaminuteortwo.,Johnaskedhisclassmateifhecouldborrowhispen.,Theteachertoldhis/herstudenttocomeuptohis/heroffice.,4.Makesomedialoguesusingcommandsandrequestsandretelltheminindirectspeech.Abearismovingtowardsaboy.Whatdoyousaytotheboytomakesurethatheisnothurt?2.AnEnglishteacheristellingherstudentswhattheymustdoforhomework.Astudentcannotheartheteacherveryclearly.Whatshouldhesaytohisclassmatetofindoutwhattodo?Thinkofmoresituationsforyourconversations.,SampleSituation1:Tom:Takecare!Abearismovingtowardsyou.Boy:Oh,whocanhelpme?Tom:Staycalmanddontmove.Boy:Tomtoldtheboytotakecare,forabearismovingtowardstheboy.Theboyaskedwhocouldhelphim.Tomtoldtheboytostaycalmandnottomove.,S1:Standstill!Dontmove!S2:Whatsthematter?S1:Dontgetexcitedbuttheresabearbehindyou!S2:Ohhelp!WhatshouldIdo?S1:Staystillandthebearwillmoveaway.Yes,hesdoingthat.ItsOK.Youcanrelaxnow!,Simpledialogueforsituation1,Amansawabearcomingtowardsaboy.Hewantedtheboytostandstillandnotmove.Theboywaspuzzledandwonderedwhatwaswrong.Themantoldhimthatabearwascomingupbehindhimbutthathewasnottogetexcited.,Situationoneinindirectspeech,T:Nowlistentome.Thisisyourhomeworkfortonight.Iwouldbegratefulifyoubroughtittomeasfirstthingtomorrowmorning.S1:Whatsthatshesaid?Pleasehelpme.Icouldnthearherproperly.S2:Theteachersaidthatthiswasourhomeworkandwemustfinishbytomorrowmorning.S1:Thankyou.Icouldnthavemanagedwithoutyourhelp.,Simpledialogueforsituationtwo,Theteachergavetheclasssomehomeworkandaskedthemtogiveittoherthefollowingmorning.Oneboysaidhecouldnothearherclearlyandaskedhisclassmatetotellhimwhatshehadsaid.Theclassmaterepeatedtheteachersinstructionsandtheboywasgratefultohim.,Situation2inindirectspeech,1.Shesaid,“Illgotheretomorrow.”Shesaidthat_gothere_.,shewould,thenextday,把直接引语转换为间接引语。,2.Shesaid,“Didyouseehimlastnight?”She_me_him_.3.“Whendidyougotobedlastnight?”FathersaidtoPeter.Father_Peter_thenight_.,asked,if/whetherIhadseen,thenightbefore,asked,whenhewentto,before,bed,4.“Showmeyourlicense,please.”thepolicemansaidtothedriver.Thepolicemantoldthedrivertoshowhimthelicense.,5.MothersaidtoLiMing,“Stopplayingcomputergames!”MotherorderedLiMingtostopplayingcomputergames.,Thelandladyaskedhimtoputhiscoatinthecloset.,“Willyoupleaseputyourcoatinthecloset?”saidthelandlady.,把间接引语转换为直接引语。,Thelandladyaskedhimnottoputhiscoatonthebed.,“Willyoupleasenotputyourcoatonthebed?”saidthelandlady.,2.Theyoungfathertoldhischildrentostandstill.,“Standstill,”theyoungfathersaidtohischildren.,Theyoungfathertoldhischildrennottomove.,“Dontmove,”theyoungfathersaidtohischildren.,3.Mothertoldmetolockthedooraftermidnight.,“Lockthedooraftermidnight,”saidMother.,Mothertoldmenottoleavethedooropenaftermidnight.,“Dontleavethedooropenaftermidnight,”saidMother.,1.“Pleaseclosethewindow,”hesaidtome.He_me_thewindow.A.saidto;tocloseB.toldto;closingC.asked;tocloseD.saidto;pleaseclose,Choosethebestanswer.,C,2.Hesaid,“Dontdothatagain.”He_me_thatagain.A.saidto;nottodoB.saidto;dontdoC.told;dontdoD.told;nottodo,D,3.“Dontputitonmyhat.”hiswifesaidtohim.Hiswifetoldhim_putiton_hat.A.dont,hisB.dont,herC.notto,hisD.notto,her,D,4.RoseaskedTom,“Didyouseemypurse?”RoseaskedTom_.A.whetherthathehadseenherpurseB.whetherhehadseenherpurseC.thatwhetherhehadseenherpurseD.thatifhehasseenherpurse,B,5.Heaskedme_withme.A.whatthematterisB.whatthematerwasC.whatsthematterD.whatwasthematter,C,解析:如果直接引语是“Whatsthematter?”“Whatswrong?”“Whatsthetrouble?”,变间接引语时语序不变。,6.Heasked,“AreyouaPartymemberoraLeaguemember?”Heaskedme_.A.amIaPartymemberoraLeaguememberB.wasIaPartymemberoraLeaguememberC.ifIwasaPartymemberora