巧用构词法帮助解答高考猜词题

,weightlifting,Yet,shopkeepersmayhavetospendextrahourstodealwithproblems,suchasshoplifters,whoalwaystakeawaythingsfromtheshopwithoutpayingforthem.,WordFormation构词法,巧用构词法原则帮助解答阅读理解中的猜测词义题,派生法（Derivation）,合成法(Compounding),转化法（Conversion）,缩略法（Abbreviation）,一、派生法（Derivation）,由词根(root)加前缀（prefix）或后缀（suffix）构成新词。,un-,dis-in-im-mis-non-,understandpolitesmokeragreefairvisible,Isitdifficultforyoutogetupinthemorning?Doyousometimesoversleep?,1.over-:toomuch,overwork,overeat,abovesth;across,overcoat,overhead,Someimportantprefixes:,Thetrainsare_onFridayevenings.(crowded),overcrowded,TheWTOisaninternationalorganization.,3.inter-between,internetinterchangeintercommunicate,Heenlargedhisvocabularybyreadingwidely.,2.en-动词前缀,enable,endanger,Readingcan_yourlife.(rich),enrich,Someimportantsuffixes:,-ment,-ion,-ness,-tion,-ful,-able,-less,-en等,sharpenapencil,strengthen,brighten,Thecitygovernmenthasdecidedtohavethemainstreets_.,A.wideB.widenC.widenedD.widing,C,Withtheirshiningbrowneyes,waggingtails,andunconditionallove,dogscanprovidethenonjudgmentallistenersneededforabeginningreadertogainconfidence.(2003NMET),unconditional:nonjudgmental:,无条件的，绝对的,没有判断力的,二、合成法（Compounding）,highwaywaiting-roomkind-hearted,把两个或两个以上独立的词合成一个新词。,However,mostofourideasaboutthefuturesarereallyveryshort-sighted,perhapswecanseesomepossibilitiesforthenextfiftyyears.,目光短浅的,Forthem,playingwellandwinningareoftenlife-and-deathaffairs.,生死攸关的,Down-to-earthspiritisanecessity.Sharpwordsfromateachercanusuallybringaday-dreamingstudentdown-to-earth.,honestorpractical,实事求是，脚踏实地,三、转化法（Conversion）,由一种词性转化为另一种词性的词。,n.,v.take/bear,Sowhensomeonehashurtyou,calmyourselffirst.Takeacoupleofbreaths,andthinkofsomethingthatgivesyoupleasureKeepinmindthatforgivenessdoesnotnecessarilymeanacceptingtheactionofthepersonwhoupsetsyou.(2004NMET),calm,upsets,hurt,Nevertroubletroubleuntiltroubletroublesyou.,四、缩略法（Abbreviation）,DVMVPSOSWWW,DigitalVideo,MostValuablePlayer,SaveOurShip,WorldWideWeb,1Itwouldbeeasyforsomeonetomispresenthimselfonlinebecauseyoucantseehim.Thussomeonewhosaysthat“sheisa12-year-oldgirl.”couldreallybeanoldman.,mis-sth.isdonewrongorbadly,presentvt.describe,2.Thecomputeralsocountstheloadsandgivesasignalbyphonewhentheboxisfull.Andaspecialpieceofequipmentbreaksupthenonrecyclables.,recyclev.使再循环，回收利用,recyclableadj.可回收利用的,nonrecyclablen.不能回收利用的东西,3.Anothermythabouteyesisthattheycanbetransplanted.Itisquitedifficulttoconnectaneyeballtoanewbrain,trans-change,transplant移植,transport运输，交通,W