2019_2020学年高中英语Unit5ThepowerofnatureSectionⅠPre_reading练习新人教版选修6.docx

Section Pre-reading.用所给词的适当形式填空1In order to be a strong and effective partner with the Asia Pacific region, American President Obama thinks it is_(absolute) vital to have a strong relationship with China.2It rained continuously for about 3 hours on the way, completely ruining his_(appoint) with the interview.3The situation is unstable and _(potential) dangerous.4Good shoes, clothes and a backpack are the basic_(equip) you need for your hiking.5The protests became more violent and many people_(panic) into leaving the country.答案1absolutely2.appointment3.potentially4equipment5.panicked.单句语法填空1I waved_Nancy, but she was absorbed in her thought，and made no response.2Her house was burnt_the ground, but she was alive, and her kids didnt die.So its not the end of the world for her.3When_(compare) with my uncles house, mine doesnt seem big at all.4Alice is said_(leave) the stage already as she has gone abroad for further study.5_(invite) to Annes birthday party, Mr.Smith is now searching shop after shop for a nice present for her.答案1pared4.to have left5.Invited.阅读理解A(2019年高考北京卷)By the end of the century，if not sooner，the worlds oceans will be bluer and greener thanks to a warming climate，according to a new study.At the heart of the phenomenon lie tiny marine microorganisms(海洋微生物)called phytoplankton.Because of the way light reflects off the organisms，these phytoplankton create colourful patterns at the ocean surface.Ocean colour varies from green to blue，depending on the type and concentration of phytoplankton.Climate change will fuel the growth of phytoplankton in some areas，while reducing it in other spots，leading to changes in the oceans appearance.Phytoplankton live at the ocean surface，where they pull carbon dioxide(二氧化碳)into the ocean while giving off oxygen.When these organisms die，they bury carbon in the deep ocean，an important process that helps to regulate the global climate.But phytoplankton are vulnerable to the oceans warming trend.Warming changes key characteristics of the ocean and can affect phytoplankton growth，since they need not only sunlight and carbon dioxide to grow，but also nutrients.Stephanie Dutkiewicz，a scientist in MITs Center for Global Change Science，built a climate model that projects changes to the oceans throughout the century.In a world that warms up by 3，it found that multiple changes to the colour of the oceans would occur.The model projects that currently blue areas with little phytoplankton could become even bluer.But in some waters，such as those of the Arctic，a warming will make conditions riper for phytoplankton，and these areas will turn greener.“Not only are the quantities of phytoplankton in the ocean changing.”she said，“but the type of phytoplankton is changing.”And why does that matter？Phytoplankton are the base of the food web.If certain kinds begin to disappear from the ocean，Dutkiewicz said，“it will change the type of fish that will be able to survive.”Those kinds of changes could affect the food chain.Whatever colour changes the ocean experiences in the coming decades will probably be too gradual and unnoticeable，but they could mean significant changes.“Itll be a while before we can statistically show that the changes are happening because of climate change，”Dutkiewicz said，“but the change in the colour of the ocean will be one of the early warning signals that we really have changed our planet.”1What are the first two paragraphs mainly about?AThe various patterns at the ocean surface.BThe cause of the changes in ocean colour.CThe way light reflects off marine organisms.DThe efforts to fuel the growth of phytoplankton.2What does the underlined word“vulnerable”in Paragraph 3 probably mean?ASensitive.BBeneficial.CSignificant. DUnnoticeable.3What can we learn from the passage?APhytoplankton play a declining role in the marine ecosystem.BDutkiewiczs model aims to project phytoplankton changes.CPhytoplankton have been used to control global climate.DOceans with more phytoplankton may appear greener.4What is the main purpose of the passage?ATo assess the consequences of ocean colour changes.BTo analyse the composition of the ocean food chain.CTo explain the effects of climate change on oceans.DTo introduce a new method to study phytoplankton.答案与解析本文为说明文。一项最新研究表明，由于气候变暖，世界海洋将会变得更蓝、更绿。这一现象是因为一种叫作浮游植物的微小海洋微生物，因为光线反射的作用，它们在海洋表面形成了五颜六色的图案。但是浮游植物很容易受到海洋变暖趋势的影响，气候变暖会改变海洋的主要特征，并影响浮游植物的生长。1B段落大意题。第一段“By the end of the century.If not sooner, the worlds oceans will be bluer and greener thanks to a warming climate, according to a new study.”可知，到本世纪末，一项新的研究表明，由于气候变暖，如果不尽快的话，世界上的海洋将会变得更蓝、更绿。结合第二段中的“At the heart of the phenomenon lie tiny marine microorganisms(海洋微生物)called phytoplankton.Because of the way light reflects off the organisms，these phytoplankton create colourful patterns at the ocean surface.Ocean colour varies from green to blue, depending on the type and concentration”可知，这种现象的核心是一种叫作浮游植物的微小海洋微生物，在光线的作用下在海洋表面形成了五颜六色的图案。海洋的颜色从绿色到蓝色不等，这取决于海洋的类型和浮游植物浓度。由此可推断出这两段主要叙述了海洋生物是海洋颜色变化的原因。分析选项可知B符合题意，故选B。2A词义猜测题。根据划线词后的“Warming changes key characteristics of the ocean and can affect phytoplankton growth, since they need not only sunshine and carbon dioxide to grow, but also nutrients.”可知，气候变暖会改变海洋的主要特征，并会影响浮游植物的生长。由此可判断“But phytoplankton are vulnerable to the oceans warming trend”可知，浮游植物很容易受到海洋变暖趋势的影响。可知A项正确。3D推理判断题。根据第四段中的“The model projects that currently blue areas with little phytoplankton could become even bluer.But in some waters，such as those of the Arctic, a warming will make conditions riper for phytoplankton, and these areas will turn greener”，可知“Dutkiewicz的模型预测，目前只有少量浮游植物的蓝色区域可能会变得更蓝。但是在一些水域，比如北极，气候变暖会使浮游植物的生长条件更加成熟，而这些水域会变得更绿了”。由此可推断，浮游植物的生长条件更加成熟，浮游动植物就更多了，这些水域会变得更绿了。分析选项可知D项符合题意。4C主旨大意题。第一段提出文章的主旨“By the end of the century，if not sooner, the worlds oceans will be bluer and greener thanks to a warming climate, according to a new study.”可知到本世纪末。一项新的研究表明，由于气候变暖，如果不尽快的话，世界上的海洋将会变得更蓝、更绿。再结合第三段中“But phytoplankton are vulnerable to the oceans warming trend.Warming changes key characteristics of the ocean and can affect phytoplankton growth，.”可知，“浮游植物很容易受到海洋变暖趋势的影响，变暖改变了海洋的关键特征，并能影响浮游植物的生长”。可知本文主要解释气候变化对海洋及其植物的影响。故选C。BHow did the sea horse get its name? Its not hard to guess.The top half of this fish looks like a small horse.But looking at the sea horses tail, you might think “sea monkey”is a better name.Then theres the sea horses pouch (袋)“Sea kangaroo” might also be a good name for this fish.Sea horses live in warm ocean waters all over the world.They keep safe from other fish by hiding in plants and grasses that grow under the sea.They can also change colors to match their surroundings (环境)A sea horse remains in one place for hours at a time by winding (缠绕) its tail around a plant.It feeds on live food, such as small shrimp.For a fish that doesnt move around much, the sea horse eats a lotin just one day, a sea horse can eat 3，000 shrimp!A sea horse keeps the same mate for its whole life, and its the male (雄的) sea horse that gives birth to baby sea horses.How does this happen? Baby sea horses start out as eggs, which come from the females body.The male carries the eggs in its pouch for about three weeks until they hatch (孵化)Soon after the babies are born, the female gives her mate a new set of eggs.The male sea horse spends most of its life carrying eggs.Sadly, the number of sea horses is becoming smaller.Why is this happening? Some places where sea horses once lived have been filled in to make new land.Also, many sea horses are caught and sold as aquarium fish.This really is not a good idea because most sea horses dont live long in aquariums.The best place for a sea horse is the ocean.5How does a sea horse keep safe from other fish?AIt hides in plants and grasses.BIt runs away quickly.CIt remains still.DIt rolls up.6What does a female sea horse do with her eggs?AShe puts them in the males pouch.BShe hides them in sea grasses.CShe carries them around.DShe hatches them.7Why is the number of sea horses becoming smaller?AThey grow at a very low speed.BTheir homes are being destroyed.CThey are killed by people for food.DTheir food is becoming less and less.答案与解析本文是说明文，介绍了海马的生活习性、后代繁衍、生存现状等问题。5A细节理解题。根据第二段中的“They keep safe from other fish by hiding in plants and grasses that grow under the sea.”可知。6A细节理解题。文章第三段介绍了海马的繁殖过程。根据“Baby sea horses start out as eggs .the female gives her mate a new set of eggs.”可知。7B细节理解题。最后一段提到海马数量减少的两个原因：一是人们填海造田，破坏了它们的生存环境；一是人们捕捉海马来卖。CIn summer the extreme heat often makes people sweaty and restless.While people are annoyed by it, experts suggest summer is the best season to discharge (排放) your bodys toxins (毒素) and recover your energy.One popular option is hotstone massage (按摩)Therapists use smooth and heated stones, usually river rocks, to massage certain parts of the body, or place them on key points of the body.The warmth of the hot stones will improve blood circulation and also help relax muscles, while sweating is also believed to be good for discharging the bodys toxins.Another popular option is hotstone baths.The hotstone bath will help the body discharge toxins and humidity that accumulated during the last winter.Summer is the best season to build a good body.Rather than use water or steam to heat and wash the body, people simply wear a coat or something comfortable, and then lie on heated stone tablets made of hot stones, which are warmed to around 45.The body will gradually warm up and blood circulation will also be improved.More sweat will come out quickly.The sweat is smooth and fresh, not smelly like that released after sports activities.Such baths bring a number of health benefits, such as antiaging, improved blood circulation and stress relief.The slimming effect of dieting can even be promoted.Using hot stones for healing dates back to ancient times, but the modern renewal of hotstone massage is generally credited to Mary Nelson, a native of Tucson, Arizona, America, whose trademark is “LaStone Therapy”The therapy is gaining wide popularity with many people, especially those who have jobs in cool airconditioned rooms.The hotstone therapy can help cure many diseases, including back pain.8What do people use to release toxins in our body according to the text?AWashing the body with cold water.BDischarging lots of sweat.CRelaxing muscles.DLying on the warm beds.9What can we know from the text?ASports have greater effects on the health than hotstone massage.BThere are no toxins and humidity in the body in summer.CUsing water of about 45 to wash the body is good for the health.DPeople should take advantage of summer to improve their health.10What can be learned about the hotstone therapy?AIt was invented by Mary Nelson, an American.BIt successfully cured many people of cancer.CIt is popular with people with its excellent effects.DIt can help people avoid sweating too much in hot summer.11Which of the following could be the best title for the text?AThe origin and development of the hotstone therapyBThe amazing functions of the hotstone therapyCA healthy and