动词不定式的被动语态主动表被动PPT课件

.,1,Unit2RobotsGrammar,动词不定式的被动语态,.,2,一、复习各种时态的被动语态被动语态的基本结构:be+done（以thebook,publish为例）一般现在/过去时：Thebook_.一般/过去将来时:Thebook_.Thebook_.现在/过去进行时：Thebook_.现在/过去完成时:Thebook_.情态动词：Thebook_.,is/waspublished,will/wouldbepublished,is/wasgoingtobepublished,is/wasbeingpublished,has/hadbeenpublished,can/could/may/mightbepublished,.,3,二、动词不定式的被动语态1.动词不定式的被动语态有两种形式：1）一般式（not/never）tobedone2）完成式（not/never）tohavebeendone（表示不定式动作发生在谓语动词之前）,.,4,2.动词不定式的被动语态在句子中的作用1)做主语（常用it做形式主语）Tobeofferedsympathybyarobotisridiculous.被邀请参加这个亚运会开幕式，是一大荣幸。2)做表语ThepartyistobeheldnextSaturdayevening.明年,这种新药将在500个过度肥胖的人上进行试验。,Itisridiculoustobeofferedsympathyby.,ItisagreathonortobeinvitedtoattendtheopeningceremonyofAsianGames.,Thenewdrugistobetestedoutonthe500overweightpeoplenextyear.,.,5,3)做宾语Shedidntliketobetreatedasachild.Hepretendedtohavebeenbeatenbyhisstep-father.这位职员不希望被她的顾客嘲笑。,Theclerkwouldntliketobelaughedatbyhercustomers,4)做宾语补足语Tonyexpectedthehousetobecompletelytransformed.这个残疾的孩子希望由这个主建筑师来设计这座电影院。,Thedisabledchildexpectedthecinematobedesignedbythechiefarchitect.,.,6,5）做定语Whatavictorytobeenviedbythosewomen!英国人对即将在伦敦举行的奥运会感到骄傲。,TheEnglishareproudoftheOlympicGamestobeheldinLondon.,6）做状语AllthesegiftsmustbemailedimmediatelysoastobereceivedintimeforChristmas.他匆忙赶到订票处（bookingoffice）却被告知所有的票都卖完了。,Hehurriedtothebookingofficeonlytobetoldthatalltheticketshadbeensoldout.,.,7,.,8,I.根据括号内的提示将下列句子补充完整。1.Hewantedtheletter_(type)atonce.2.Itisthefirstsuchproject_(design)byChineseengineers.,练一练,tobetyped,tohavebeendesigned,.,9,3.Theyknewhim_(arrest)bythepolice.5.Hesaidhewas_(send)theretoattendanimportantmeetingnextFriday.,tohavebeenarrested,tobesent,.,10,6.Shedidntwantherson_(take)away.7.Doletyourmotherknowallthetruth.Sheappears_(tell)everything.8.Sheisbusypreparingfortheexams_(hold)nextmonth.9.Hehurriedtothestationonly_(tell)thatthetrainhadleft.,tobetaken,tohavebeentold,tobeheld,tohavebeentold,.,11,3.在下列情况中用不定式的主动形式表示被动意思。1)不定式作后置定语，与被修饰的名词或代词构成逻辑上的动宾关系，但又与该句主语（或另一名词/代词）构成逻辑上的主谓关系时,Hehasnothingtoeat.分析：eat动nothing宾/he主eat谓Iwillgiveyouabooktoread.分析：_动_宾/_主_谓这个优雅的女人有事情要宣布。,read,abook,you,read,Theelegantladyhadsomethingtodeclare.,.,12,比较：Ihavealotofletterstotype.(我有很多信件要打印：Iwilltypetheletter)Ihavealotofletterstobetyped.(意思为：Igetsb.totypetheletter)1)IllgotoNewYork.Haveyouanything_(take)toyourwifethere?2)Haveyouanyclothes_(wash),sir?”askedthemaid3)IcannotgooutnowasIhavealotofclothes_(wash),tobetaken,tobewashed,towash,注意：若句子的主语并非不定式的逻辑主语时，不定式则必须用被动式。,.,13,3.在下列情况中用不定式的主动形式表示被动意思。2)在“主语+表语（形容词）todo”中，主语也是不定式的逻辑宾语,即不定式动词和主语之间是动宾关系。Thisquestioniseasytoanswer.（分析：answer(动)-thisquestion（宾）注意：如果动词为不及物动词，则要注意介词的搭配。Johnisdifficulttodealwith.（分析：_(动)-_(宾)）如：这扶手椅坐起来很舒服。这题目很难算出来。,dealwith,John,Thearmchairiscomfortabletositin,Thequestionisdifficulttoworkout,.,14,4.Therebe结构中，用不定式的主动和被动式来修饰主语，区别不大。Thereisalotofworktodo/tobedone.(多用主动形式)没有什么可担心的。,Thereisnothingtoworryabout.,.,15,Thepurposeofnewtechnologiesistomakelifeeasier_itmoredifficult.A.notmakeB.nottomakeC.notmakingD.donotmake2.Iveworkedwithchildrenbefore,soIknowwhat_inmynewjob.A.expectedB.toexpectC.tobeexpectingD.expects,高考题汇集：,.,16,3.CharlesBabbageisgenerallyconsidered_thefirstcomputer.,toinventB.inventingC.tohaveinventedC.havinginvented,4.Allenhadtocallataxibecausetheboxwas_tocarryallthewayhome.,muchtooheavyB.toomuchheavyC.heavytoomuchD.tooheavymuch,.,17,5.Theboywantedtoridehisbicycleinthestreet,buthismothertoldhim_.,A.nottoB.nottodoC.notdoitD.donotto,6.LittleJimshouldlove_tothetheatrethisevening.,tobetakenB.totakeC.beingtakenD.taking,.,18,7.Therearefivepairs_,butImatalosswhichtobuy.,tobechosenB.tochoosefromC.tochooseD.forchoosing,8._lateintheafternoon,Bobturnedoffthealarm.,A.TosleepB.SleepingC.SleepD.Havingsleep,.,19,9.Withalotofdifficultproblems_,thenewly-electedpresidentishavingahardtime.,settledB.settlingC.tosettleD.beingsettled,10.Shewilltelluswhyshefeelssostronglythateachofushasarole_inmakingtheearthabetterplacetolive.,A.tohaveplayedB.toplayC.tobeplayedD.tobeplaying,.,20,11.Inordertogainabiggershareintheinternationalmarket,manystateruncompaniesaretrying_theirproductsmorecompetitive.,tomakeB.makingC.tohavemadeD.havingmade,12.Theteacheraskedus_somuchnoise.,A.dontmakeB.notmake,C.notmakingD.nottomake,.,21,EXERCISES1.Youhadbetter_yourhaircut.A.hadB.haveCtogetDtohave2.We_putthemeetingoffforaweek.A.canaswellB.willaswellC.shallaswellD.mayaswell3.He_liveinthecountrythaninthecity.A.prefersB.likestoC.hadbetterD.wouldrather4.Theboytoldhisfatherthathewouldrather_anastronaut.A.becomeB.tobecomeC.becomingD.became,.,22,5.Pauldoesnthavetobemade_.Healwaysworkshard.A.learnB.tolearnC.learnedD.learning6.-Iusuallygotherebytrain.-Whynot_byboatforachange?A.totrygoingB.tryingtogoC.totryandgoD.trygoing7.Hewantstodonothingbut_out.A.togoB.goC.goingD.goes8.Comparedwithwomen.menalwaysprefer_athomeratherthan_somuchtimeshopping.A.tofinish,tospendB.tofinish,spendC.finish,spendD.finish,tospend,.,23,巩固性练习1.Shecanthelp_thehousebecauseshesbusymakingacake.A.tocleanB.cleaningC.tobecleaningD.beingcleaned2.Whileshopping,peoplesometimescanthelp_intobuyingsomethingtheydontreallyneed.A.topersuadeB.tobepersuadedC.persuadingD.beingpersuading3.Weagreed_here,butsofarshehasntturnedupyet.A.havingmetB.meetingC.tomeetD.tohavemet,.,24,4.-Youwerebraveenoughtoraisetheobjectionsatthemeeting.-Well,nowIregret_that.A.todoB.todoingC.tohavedoneD.havingdone5.LittleTomshouldlove_tothetheatrethisevening.A.tobetakenB.totakeC.beingtakenD.taking,.,25,6.Ivegotaterribleheadache.Itried_somemedicine,butitdidnthelp.A.totakeB.havingtakenC.takingD.tohavetaken7.-Wouldyoujoinustonight?-I_,butIhavetopreparefortomorrowstest.A.wouldlovesoB.wouldlovetoC.wouldloveitD.wouldlove8.Iwouldlove_tothepartylastnight,butIhadtofinishextrahourstofinishareport.A.togoB.tohavegoneC.goingD.havinggone,.,26,9.Heletmerepeathisinstructions_surethatIunderstoodwhatwas_afterhewentaway.A.tomake,tobedoneB.making,doingC.tomake,todoD.making,todo10.-Youshouldhavethankedherbeforeyouleft.-Imeant_,butwhenIwasleaving,Icouldntfindheranywhere.A.todoB.toC.doingD.doingso11.InsomepartsofLondon,missingabusmeans_foranotherhour.A.waitingB.towaitC.waitD.tobewaiting,.,27,12.Withalotofdifficultproblems_,thenewly-electedpresidentfeltveryhappy.A.settledB.steelingC.tosettleD.beingsettled13.-Doletyourmotherknowallthetruth.-Sheappears_everything.A.totellB.tobetoldC.tobetellingD.tohavebeentold,.,28,14.Tofetchwaterbeforebreakfastseemedtobearule_.A.toneverbreakB.nevertobebrokenC.nevertohavebrokenD.nevertobebreaking15.InAustraliahemadealotoffriends_averypracticalknowledgeofEnglish.A.getB.gettingC.togetD.got,.,29,练习：1.Sarah,hurryup.Imafraidyouwouldnthavetimeto_beforetheparty.(NMET2004全国卷I)A.getchangedB.getchangeC.getchangingD.gettochange2.Myadvisorencouraged_asummercoursetoimprovemywritingskills.(NMET2004北京)A.formetakingB.metakingC.formetotakeD.metotake3.Idontknowwhetheryouhappen_,butImgoingtostudyintheUSAthisSeptember.(2004辽宁)A.tobeheardB.tobehearingC.tohearD.tohaveheard4.Thefinalexaminationiscomingupsoon.Itstimeforusto_ourstudies.(NMET2004辽宁)A.getdowntoB.getoutC.getbackforD.getover,.,30,5.Thefluisbelieved_byvirusesthatliketoreproduceinthecellsinsidethehumannoseandthroat.(NMET2004上海)A.causingB.beingcausedC.tobecausedD.tohavecaused6.Thenewsreportershurriedtotheairport,only_thefilmstarshadleft.(NMET2004福建)A.totellB.tobetoldC.tellingD.told7.Itseemsthathehasnopen_.(NMET2003北京春)A.towriteB.towritewithC.writingD.writingwith8.Shewilltelluswhyshefeelssostronglythateachofushasarole_inmakingtheearthabetterplacetolive.(NMET2003上海春)A.tohaveplayedB.toplayC.tobeplayedD.tobeplaying,.,31,9.Maryisalwaysthefirststudenttoanswertheteachersquestionsinclass.A.risingB.toriseC.roseD.risen10.Wouldyoubesokindusout?-Withpleasure.A.helpingB.inhelpingC.helpD.astohelp11.Wetumbrellasarenotallowedintothishotelaccordingtotherule.A.tobetakenB.totakeC.takenD.taking12.Robertissaid_abroad,butIdidntknowwhatcountryhestudiedin.A.tohavestudiedB.tostudyC.tobestudyingD.tohavebeenstudying,.,32,13.Attheshopping-centre,hedidntknowwhat_and_withanemptybag.A.tobuy;leaveB.tobebought;leftC.tobuy;leftD.wastobuy;leave14.Shemadeacandle_uslight.A.giveB.gaveC.togiveD.given15.WhereshouldIsendmyform?ThePersonnelOfficeistheplace_.A.forsendingitB.tosendittoC.tosendD.tosendit16.Itsnecessary_someEnglishgrammar.A.forusstudentstolearnB.forwestudentstolearnC.ofusstudentstolearnD.forourstudentslearning,.,33,17._kindtotheenemyis_crueltothepeople.A.Be;beB.Tobe;tobeC.Tobe;beingD.Being;tobe18.Nomatterhowbusyheis,he_atleast15minutesaday.A.makesarulereadB.makesarulereadingC.makesitarulereadD.makesitaruletoread19.IfMarydoesntcometoworkontime,shemaybefired.Surelysheisnotsofoolish_it.A.asnottorealizeB.notastorealizeC.thatshedidntrealizeD.asnotrealizing20.Ioughtto_himthenews,butIforgottodoso.A.remembertotellB.remembertellingC.haverememberedtotellD.haverememberedtelling,.,34,21.I_youtheexcitingnews,butyouwerenotathome.A.meanttellingB.meanttotellC.meanttohavingtoldD.meanttotelling22.Tomkeptquietabouttheaccident_losehisjob.A.sonotastoB.soasnottoC.soastonotD.notsoasto23.Myfriend,David,wasnotused_byair,sohefeltunwell.A.totravelB.totravelingC.travelinD.travel24.WhenIwentoutithappened_.A.torainB.rainC.toberainingD.raining25.Ifeltitanhonour_tospeakhere.A.askingB.havingaskedC.toaskD.tobeasked,.,35,1.Havingatripabroadiscertainlygoodfortheoldcouple,butitremains_whethertheywillenjoyit.A.toseeB.tobeseenC.seeingD.seen,Exercise,B,.,36,2.Ihurriedtothemeetinghall,only_thatthemeetinghadbeenputoff.A.totellB.tobetoldC.tellingD.told,B,.,37,3.Doletyourmotherknowallthetruth,sheappears_everything.A.totellB.tobetoldC.tobetellingD.tohavebeentold,D,.,38,4.LittleTomshouldlove_tothetheaterthisevening.A.tobetakenB.totakeC.beingtakenD.taking,A,.,39,5.Itissaidthatplasticscanbeusedto_manythings.Nowpeopleareusedto_plasticsproducts.A.make;usingB.making;usingC.making;useD.make;use,A,.,40,6.Withalotofproblems_,thenewly-electedpresidentishavingahardtime.A.settledB.settlingC.tosettleD.beingsettled,C,.,41,7.He_andwasmadetorepeatit.A.didntunderstandB.didntbeunderstoodC.wasntunderstandD.wasntunderstood,D,.,42,8.Thepupilshere_allkindsofexerciseseverydayinthepastfourweeks.A.keptbusydoingB.keepondoingC.havekeptbusydoingD.havebeenkeptbusydoing,D,.,43,9.Visitors_nottotouchtheexhibits.A.willrequestB.requestC.arerequestingD.arerequested,D,.,44,10.Insomepartsoftheworld,tea_withmilkandsugar.A.isservingB.isservedC.servesD.served,B,.,45,1.Itwilltakeseveralweeksforyourcomputerto_(repair).2.Iknewhim_(catch)bythepolice.3.Avoteisrequired_(take)inourcompanyatonce.4.Whensomemoneywentmissingfromthebank,Thomaswasbelieved_(steal)it.,berepaired,tohavebeencaught,tobetaken,tohavestolen,练习,.,46,7.Ihope_(admit)toZhongshanUniversity.8.Thebookissaidto_(translate)intoseverallanguages.9.Ifeelgreatlyhonored_(welcome)intotheirsociety.10.Comeon!Itisaneasysentence_(translate).11.WhenIcamein,hepretendedto_.(read)13.MrsSmithwarnedherdaughter_(notdrive)afterdrinking.,totranslate,tobewelcomed,havebeentranslated,tobeadmitted,bereading,nottodrive,.,47,14.Idontknowwhetheryouhappen_(hear),butImgoingtostudyintheU.S.AthisSeptember.15.Heseems_（punish)byhisteacheryesterday.,tohaveheard,tohavebeenpunished,16.Theschoolorderedalltheclassroom_(clean).17.Mygrandmotherseemstohavealot_(worry)about.18.Iamgoingtothepostoffice.Doyouhaveanyletter_(post)?19.Youareluckyenough_(notcatch)intherain.,tobecleaned,toworry,tobeposted,nottohavebeencaught,.,48,二、翻译练习1.据说这会议已经被取消了.2.这个学生似乎已经对政治失去了兴趣。3.残疾人不喜欢被别人嘲笑。4.没有可以可以浪费的时间了。5.能被邀请进这个英语俱乐部，是一大荣幸.6.她假装没有听懂我说的话.7.我希望被中山大学录取。8.抱歉，我忘记了你的电话号码了。,.,49,1.据说这会议已经被取消了Themeetingissaidtohavebeencancelled.2.这个学生似乎已经对政治失去了兴趣。Thestudentseemstohavelostinterestinpolitics.3.残疾人不喜欢被别人嘲笑。Thedisableddontliketobelaughedat.4.没有可以可以浪费的时间了。Thereisnotimetowaste/bewasted5.能被邀请进这个英语俱乐部，是一大荣幸ItisagreathonortobeinvitedtotheEnglishClub.,.,50,6.她假装没有听懂我说的话。ShepretendednottounderstandwhatIhadsaid.7.我希望被中山大学录取。Ihope/expecttobeadmittedintoZhangshanUniversity8.抱歉，我忘记了你的电话号码了。Iamsorrytohaveforgottenyourtelephonenumber.,.,51,AnswerkeyforExercise2onpage14:,tobedesignedtoberebuilttobeaccompaniedtobeknownastobefilledwithtobetestedouttobeenviedtobesetaside,.,52,werelistedbedividedbeorganizedtobeaccompaniedwereconnectedbesurroundedwasattached,AnswerkeyforExercise3onpage15:,.,53,Usingstructures,Answerkeyforexercise1onpage56:,Ididnotexpecttobeinterviewedbythegeneralmanager.Themagazinesarenotallowedtobetakenoutofthereadingroom(byanybody).Shehatestobelaughedatbyherclassmates.,.,54,Hedoesntwanthiswritingtob