动词不定式专题复习PPT课件

.,1,TheInfinitive动词不定式,.,2,动词不定式的构成：,肯定式：to+动词原形,否定式：notto+动词原形,复合结构:forsb.todo,.,3,动词不定式的用法,动词不定式可充当的句子成分：主语宾语定语表语状语宾语补足语注：动词不定式不能作谓语,.,4,A.不定式作主语,（一定要带to,谓语动词要用单数）,Toplayvideogameisfun.TolearnEnglishwellisimportant.,不定式作主语时，常用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语即动词不定式放在句末，构成固定句型。,.,5,Itisn.(forsb.)todosth.用于此句型的名词有:pity,shame,pleasure,onesduty,onesjob,fun,joy,goodmanners,badmanners等。Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.该句型意为“做某事花费某人多长时间”。Its+adj.+（for/ofsb.)+todosth.该句型意为“做某事对某人来说是”。,不定式作主语的常用句型:,.,6,1.Itscleverofyoutorefuseher.2.Itwascarelessofhertomakesuchamistake.3.Itsverykindofyoutohelpus.,1.Itsnecessaryforyoutogiveupsmoking.2.Itseasyformetodothat.3.Itsveryhardforhimtostudytwolanguages.,形容词为描述人的品质的词,使用of。（形容词修饰不定式时用介词for.形容词修饰逻辑主语时用介词of.）good,kind,nice,clever,foolish,right,honest,careful,polite,wrong,bad,foolish,careless。,forsb./ofsb.的区别,用介词后面的代词作主语，用介词前边的形容词作表语，造个句子。如果道理上通顺用of，不通则用for。1.Itsveryniceofyoutosayso.Youarenice.(通顺，所以应用of)2.ItshardforhimtofinishtheprojectbyhimselfHeishard.(人是困难的，不通，因此应用for),.,7,不定式像名词一样，可以放在be动词后面。,1.MywishistovisitLondonnextyear.2.TomsideaistogotoForestParktohaveapicnic.3.Theimportantthingistosavelives.4.Mywishistowriteagoodbookforchildren.5.Ourworkistobuildthehighway.6.MyjobistoteachEnglish.7.Myideaistoclimbthemountainfromthenorth.8.Mysuggestionistostartworkatonce.,B.不定式作表语,oneswish/job/aim/goal/ambition/plan/dream/way/work/hope/duty/idea/suggestionistodo/be,.,8,(1)Ihopetobeadoctor.Shedecidedtomakeanothertry.Theyallwanttoseethefilm.Wehopetobebackhomeat6:00.(5)Freddidnthaveanymoney,sohedecidedtolookforajob.,常见的能跟带to不定式的动词及短语：want/wish/hope/decide/learn/plan/wouldlike/getreadytodo,C.不定式作宾语,.,9,e.g.Ifinditdifficulttounderstandhim.Wethoughtitwrongnottohelpher.Theyfounditimpossibletogeteverythingreadyintime.,it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语动词不定式置于句末。sb.believe/think/consider/feel/make/find+it+adj.+todosth.,.,10,1.Idontknowwheretogo.2.Hedidntknowwhattodo./howtodoit.3.Canyoutellmehowtogetthere?4.Icantdecidewhichtochoose.5.Theteachershowedushowtouseacomputer.,“疑问词+不定式”结构可以转换为从句形式,1）IdontknowwhereIwillgo.2）Hedidntknowwhathewoulddo/howhecoulddoit.3）CanyoutellmehowIcangetthere.4）IcantdecidewhichIwillchoose.5)Theteachershowedushowwecoulduseacomputer.,不定式与疑问词连用，构成不定式短语，作宾语,.,11,1.Wehavecometolearnfromyou.2.Igotupearlytocatchthebus.3.Theboyisoldenoughtogotoschool.4.Hewastooexcitedtosayaword.5.Shewassurprisedtohearthenews.6.Imgladtomeetyou.,D.不定式作状语,不定式结构可以作状语，修饰动词、形容词、副词等，表示目的、原因、结果等。,表示目的,表示原因,表示结果,.,12,表示目的：Hecameherejusttoaskmesomequestions.Heboughtabicycletogototownmorequickly.Hewenthometoseehismother.HecamehereinordertoseeCharlie.Heshoutedandwavedsoastobenoticed.Hewentearlyinordernottomissthetrain.Iturnedtheradiodownsoasnottodisturbhim.,为了强调表示目的的不定式结构，通常可以用inorder(not)to或soas(not)to(soasto不能放在句首）可以和sothat引导的目的状语从句转换。MrLigotupearlysoththecouldcatchtheearlybus.MrLigotupearlysoas/inordertocatchtheearlybus.,.,13,表示结果：,一般用在enoughto,tooto等结构中,可以和sothat引导的结果状语从句转换1.Heranfastenoughtocatchupwiththem.2.Heistooyoungtogotoschool.3.Shewastooexcitedtosayaword.,Heransofastthathecaughtupwiththem.,Heissoyoungthathecantgotoschool.,Heisntoldenoughtogotoschool.,Shewassoexcitedthatshecouldntsayaword.,.,14,表示原因：,be+adj（glad.sorry.sure.happy.afraid.surprised等表情感的形容词后）+todosth.,.,15,下列动词用不定式作宾语补足语时，带to：,ask/tell/order/want/invite/allow/like/warn/encourage/teachwouldlikesbtodo,1.Mymotheralwayslikesmetogetupearly.2.LucyoftenteachesmetolearnEnglish.3.Shedoesntwanthertoattendthemeeting.4.Iaskedhimtoshowmethenewdictionary.5.Sheaskedmetostaythere.6.PleaseallowmetointroduceMr.Whitetoyou.,E.不定式作宾语补足语,.,16,下列动词用不定式作宾语补足语时，必须省去不定式符号to：e.g.1.Heobservedsomeoneopenthedoor.2.Iwatchedthemgetintothecar.3.Didyounoticehimleavetheroom?,学会记忆:作宾补不带to.一感：feel二听：hear,listento三使役/让：let,make,have五看：see,watch,lookat,observe,notice,可带可不带to：help,.,17,总结:省to的不定式,1）情态动词(除ought外，oughtto)：2）使役动词let,have,make3）感官动词see,watch,lookat,notice,observe,hear,listento,smell,feel,find等后作宾补,省略to。4）wouldrather，hadbetter5）Whydontyou/whynot：6）help可带to，也可不带to,helpsb.(to)dosth.7)hadbetter(not)8)Will/Wouldyouplease?,.,18,1.Ihavealotofhomeworktodo.2.Doyouhaveanythingtosay?3.Myfatherhassomethingimportanttotellme.4.Wouldyoulikesomethingtodrink?5.Hereisabookforyoutoread.6.Ihavenotimetotalkwithher.7.Heneedsaroomtolivein.8.Hewasalwaysthelasttoleave.9.Bettywasthefirsttoknowthetruth.10.Sheusuallyhasalotofmeetingstoattendintheevening.11.Iwanttogetsomethingtoreadduringthevocation.,F.不定式作定语,不定式作定语时，通常总是以短语的形式在句中出现的，因此作定语时要放在它所修饰的名词或代词之后。,.,19,不定式与所修饰的词构成动宾关系时，如果不定式是不及物动词，它后面应加上相应的介词1.Thenursehasfivechildrentolookafter.2.Letsfirstfindaroomtoputthethingsin.3.Pleasepassmesomepapertowriteon.4.Theresnothingforustoworryabout.5.Shehasanicepentowritewith.6.Heboughtaflatforthefamilytolivein.,.,20,e.g.Heistheonlypersontoknowthetruth.Sheisalwaysthefirsttocomeandthelasttoleave.,当名词被thefirst,thelast,theonly等序数词以及形容词最高级修饰时，常用不定式作定语。thefirst,thelast,thenext,theonlytodosth,.,21,注意,作简短回答或避免不必要的重复时，动词不定式常常省去to后面的动词，只保留to。,A:Wouldyouliketocometomyparty?,Marywantedtousemybike,butIaskedhernotto(usemybike).,B:Yes,Idloveto(cometoyourparty).,.,22,Ex：1.Todothatsortofthingisfoolish.2.Iwanttoseeyouthisevening.3.Theworkyouhavetodonowistofinishitquickly.4.Wefoundahousetolivein.5.ShecameheretostudyEnglish.6.Iwarnedthepatientnottoeatcoldwateraftertheoperation.,主语,宾语,表语,定语,状语,宾补,.,23,不定式短语,whatwhowhichhow+不定式whenwhere,用于tell,teach,how,wonder,learn,show,findout,ask,understand,explain之后，在句中作主语、宾语、表语。,.,24,作宾语,Idontknowhowtodoit.wheretogo.whattosay.whentobegin.whichbustotake.,.,25,做主语,Howtodoitisveryimportant.WheretogoWhattosayWhentobegin,.,26,作表语,Thequestionishowtodoit.wheretogetit.whattosay.,.,27,1.Thankyouforussowell.A.toteachB.teachesC.taughtD.teaching2.IoftendosomeonSundays.A.washedB.towashC.washingD.washes3.TheboyJackinClassOneismybrother.A.callB.tobecalledC.callingD.called4.Itoftentakesmehalfanhourhome.A.WalkingB.towalkC.walkedD.walks5.Dontforgethercleanwatereveryday.A.togiveB.givingC.givenD.give,.,28,6.IthinkitisimportantEnglishwell.A.learningB.learnC.tolearnD.learned7.Thefunnystorymadeusallhard.A.laughB.tolaughC.laughingD.laughed8.Ourteachertoldushardatourlessons.A.toworkB.workC.workingD.worked,.,29,9.Couldyoutellmethisnewspaper?A.toreadhowB.howtoreadC.whattoreadD.whatread10.Idontknownext.A.whattodoB.whattodoitC.howtodoD.tohowdoit11.Myhairistoolong,soImusthaveitthisafternoon.A.cutB.cutsC.cuttingD.cutted12.Rememberlastforclassagain.AA.nottoB.benottoC.nottobeD.nottocome13.Mr.Smithaskedthemanthequeue.A.notjumpB.didntjumpC.nottojumpD.tonotjump,.,30,14.Whynotwithus?Yousee,itsvery.A.go;interestedB.go;interestingC.togo;interestedD.going;interesting15.Whatabouttothecinematonight?-Thatsagoodidea.Idlikewithyou.A.going;goingB.togo;togoC.going;togoD.go;going16.Everyonehereisbusyreadforthecomingentrancetests.A.getB.togetC.gettingD.gets,.,31,17.Weveworkedfortwohours.Letsarest.A.stoptohaveB.stophavingC.tostoptohaveD.stoppinghaving18.Wouldyoumindmeafavour（恩惠）？A.doB.togoC.doingD.did19.Mr.Wangaskedmehim.A.helpB.helpsC.tohelpD.helping20.PleasetellJimnotlateagain.A.toB.beC.tobeD.beto,.,32,23.Pleasedontforgettome,willyou?A.towriteB.writingC.write,22.Theboywantshisfatheraquestionaboutthemoon.askingB.toaskC.askD.asked,21.MissYangaskedtheboy,thebabywassleepingintheroom.A.tostoptosingB.tostopsingingC.stopsingingD.stoptosing,.,33,25.Itsaboutsixoclock,Letssuppernow.A.stophavingB.tostophavingC.stoptohaveD.tostoptohave26.Wedbetterontheroad.Acarmayhitus.A.nottoplayB.notplayC.tonotplayD.dontplay,24.Mot