主语从句上课PPT课件

.,1,Whowillwinthematchisstillunknown.Iwanttoknowwhathehastoldyou.Thefactisthatwehavelostthegame.Thenewsthatwewonthegameisexciting.,主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,名词性从句的作用相当于名词，因此主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。,同位语从句,.,2,NounClauses(名词性从句),SubjectClause(主语从句),AppositiveClause（同位语从句）,ObjectClause（宾语从句）,PredicativeClause（表语从句）,.,3,Findthesubjectsinthefollowingsentences.,1.Atreehasfallenacrosstheroad.2.Youareastudent.3.Tofindyourwaycanbeaproblem.4.Smokingisharmfultoyou.5.Whatshesaidisnotyetknown.6.Thatweshallbelateiscertain.7.Itscertainthatweshallbelate.,.,4,主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句,通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替,而本身放在句子末尾。1.Howthebookwillselldependsonitsauthor.2.Thatheisthebeststudentintheclassisobvious.,主语从句,.,5,1Thathewillcomeiscertain.2Whetheritwillpleasethemisnoteasytosay.3Whatseemseasytosomepeopleseemsdifficulttoothers.4Whichsidewillwinisnotclear.5Whyhediditremainsamystery.6Whentheywillstartisnotknownyet.7Howhebecameagreatscientistisknowntousall.8Whowilltakepartinthemeetinghasnotbeendecided.9Whoeverbreaksthelawwillbepunished.10Wheresheisfromisunknown.,Findthesubjectclausesinthefollowingsentences,andtranslatethem.,思考：主语从句有哪些引导词，这些引导词如何选用？,.,6,主语从句的引导词：从属连词that,whether连接代词who(ever),whom(ever),which(ever),what(ever)连接副词where,when,why,how,.,7,1）从属连词：that，whether等.that引导主语从句只起引导作用，本身无实际意义，在主语从句中不充当任何成分，但不能省略。,Thatpeoplecutdowntoomanytreesdestroyedthebalanceofnature.Whetherlifewillcontinueontheearthformillionsofyearstocomewilldependonwhetherthisproblemcanbesolved.,.,8,.,Itwasnotclearwhetherthesolidshapewouldlastornot.,Subject,FormedSubject,Whetherthesolidshapewouldlastornotwasnotclear.,Real,引导主语从句在句首只能用whether,有it作形式主语的whether/if都可以.,Conclusion:,if,If,.,9,注意:由that引导的主语从句有时为了使句子结构平衡,避免“头重脚轻”,常用it作形式主语,而把从句放在后面。例如:,1.Thathewillrefusethispieceofadviceisimpossible._2.Thattheyshouldlikeeachotherisnatural._,*it为形式主语,Itisnaturalthattheyshouldlikeeachother.,Itisimpossiblethathewillrefusethispieceofadvice.,.,10,这样就构成了下面一些常用句型:1)Itis+n.+从句Itisapity/shamethat.遗憾的是Itisasurprisethat令人惊奇的是Itisafactthat是事实Itiscommonknowledgethat是常识*_(很遗憾)welostthematch.*_(这是事实)hecheatedintheexam.,Itisapitythat,Itisafactthat,.,11,2)Itis+adj.+从句Itscertainthat肯定Itispossiblethat.很可能Itisunlikelythat.不可能Itisobviousthat很明显Itisnecessaryimportantnatural.that当主句中的形容词，名词和动词表示建议、要求、命令、愿望、责任或是表示对事物的惊奇、惋惜时，从句的谓语动词用虚拟语气（should)+do*_(很可能)shewillcomebacktomorrow.*_(很明显)thismeasureiseffective.Itisimportantthatweshouldworkhard,+(should)+do,Itispossiblethat,Itisobviousthat,.,12,3)It+不及物动词+从句Ithappenedthat.碰巧Itoccurredtomethat我突然想起*_(刚好)Icameintotheofficeatthattime.*_(我突然想起)Iforgettosenttheletter.,Ithappenedthat,Itoccurredtomethat,.,13,4)It+be+过去分词+从句Itissaidthat.据说Itisknowntoallthat.众所周知Itisreportedthat.据报道Itisbelievedthat.据信;人们相信Itissuggestedthat+(should）do.建议Itmustbeadmittedthat必须承认Itcannotbedeniedthat不可否认Itmustbepointedoutthat需指出的是*_(据报道)20peoplewerekilledintheaccident.*_(建议)weshouldeatmorevegetablesanddomoreexercise.,Itisreportedthat,Itissuggestedthat,.,14,2.连接代词who，what，which,whatever,whichever,whoever,Whatmanyscientistsbelieveisthatthecontinuedpresenceofwater.Whowilltakepartinthemeetinghasnotbeendecided.Whoeverbreaksthelawwillbepunished.Whichstudentwillwinthefirstisuncertain.,.,15,3)连接副词when，where，how，why等。,Whytheysuddenlydisappearedstillremainsamystery.Whentheywillsetoffisnotdecided.Wheresheisfromisunknown.Howwewillpaintthehousehasnotbeendecided.,.,16,依据“缺什么补什么”原则确定正确的连词。所谓“缺什么补什么”是指句型结构与连词之间的关系。如果句子中缺主语，指人用who，指物用what；如缺宾语，指人用whom，指物用what；如缺时间状语用when；地点状语用where；原因状语用why；方式状语用how；定语用what或which；什么都不缺用that。,.,17,Completethesentencesusingwhat,whether,where,when,who,why,howorthat.,1.(_isneededforsuccess)isyourhardwork.,3.(_wewillgotomorrow)hasntbeendecidedyet.,2.(_theywillarrive)hasbeentoldtotheteacher.,4.(_canjoininthesportmeet)isdecidedbytheteacher.,5.(_itwillrainornot)isnotclear.,7.(_theearthisasolidball)isknowntousall.,What,When/How,Where/Whether,Who,Whether,That,6.(_theearthisbecomingwarm)isagoodtopicforresearch.,Why,主语从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。,Conclusion:,.,18,注意：,Whatyousaidisofgreatimportance.Whatweneedarebooks.,3.引导主语从句在句首只能用whether,有it作形式主语的whether/if都可以.,2.主语从句的“that”一般不能省。,4.主语从句后的谓语动词通常用第三人称单数，但“what、who”引导主语从句时，谓语动词的单复数形式须依据整个句子的内容而定。,主语从句需注意的问题,1.主语从句中用陈述语序Whatyouaredoingismeaningful.,.,19,1._youdontlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.2._hesaidatthemeetingastonishedeverybodypresent.3._hedidntcomeyesterdayisunknown.4._wellgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.5._leavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights.,That,What,Why,Whether,Whoever,选择恰当的连接词,.,20,thecatdo,made,Whatthecatdidmadethebabycry.,What,cry,Makeasentence,30,.,21,talkabout,theuseofcellphone,Whattheyaretalkingaboutistheuseofcellphone.,Makeasentence,30,.,22,report,getthehighestpoints,matchItisreportedthatYaoMinggotthehighestpointsinthematch.,Makeasentence,30,.,23,Correctornot?,*Whenthemeetingwillbeheldhaventbeenknownyet.,.beheldhasntbeenknownyet.,Payattention:主语从句的谓语用单数形式,10,.,24,*Ifwewillhaveameetinghasntbeendecidedyet.,Correctornot?,Whetherwewill.decidedyet.,Payattention:放在名词性从句句首，表示“是否”，只能用whether,不能用if,10,.,25,Correctornot?,Payattention:注意虚拟语气在名词性从句中的使用！在Itisnecessaryimportantnatural.that句型中，从句的谓语要用should+do的形式,Itisimportantthatweshouldfinish.,*Itisimportantthatwewillfinishtheworkontime.,10,.,26,Correctornot?,Payattention:此主语从句缺少成分-宾语，故用作成分的what来引导，而不用that。,Whatshewantstoknowis.,*Thatshewantstoknowiswhenthepartywillbeheld.,10,.,27,Correctornot?,Payattention:由that引导的主语从句放在句首，that不能省略。,Thathewillgiveup,*Hewillgiveuphisjobsurprisesallofus.,10,.,28,WhateverWillBeWillBe,whenIwasjustalittlegirlIaskedmymother,whatwillIbewillIbepretty,willIberichhereswhatshesaidtomequeseraserawhateverwillbewillbethefuturesnotourstoseequeserasera,whatwillbewillbe,whenIgrewupandfellinloveIaskedmysweetheart,whatliesaheadwillwehaverainbowsdayafterdayhereswhatmysweetheartsaidqueseraserawhateverwillbe,willbethefuturesnotourstoseequeserasera,whatwillbewillbe,nowIhavechildrenofmyowntheyasktheirmother,whatwillIbewillIbehandsome,willIberichItellthemtenderlyqueseraserawhateverwillbe,willbethefuturesnotourstoseequeserasera,whatwillbewillbe,.,29,1.Goandgetyourcoat.Its_youleftit.A.thereB.whereC.therewereD.wherethere2.Theproblemis_hehasenoughtime.A.ifB.whetherC./D.that3.Hemadeapromise_hewouldhelpme.A.whatB.whenC.thatD.which,B,B,C,单项选择,.,30,4.Iremember_thisusedtobeaquietvillage.A.howB.whenC.whereD.what5.Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild_heorshewants.A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.wherever,B,B,.,31,6.Canyoumakesure_thegoldrings?A.whereshehadputB.wherehadsheputC.whereshehasputD.wherehassheput7.Thereasonthathasbeensuchasuccess_henevergivesup.A.isB.isbecauseC.isthatD.iswhat8._Jacklookedsoexcitedisnotclear.A.ThatB.WhereC.WhenD.Why,C,C,D,.,32,9.Thatis_Ihadtotaketheriskofbeingwashedaway.A.whyB.reasonwhyC.howD.what10.Do_youthinkisright_difficultiesyoumayhave.A.what;howeverB.that;whateverC.whatever;whoeverD.what;whatever11.Theworkersconsidereditimportant_thebosswouldagreetogivethemarise.A.whetherB.howC.whereD.which,A,D,A,.,33,12.Alongwiththeletterwashispromise_hewouldvisitmethiscomingChristmas.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.whether13.Difficultylies_wehavenomoney.A.thatB.inthatC.inthefactD.inthefactthat14.Idontthinkthequestionof_theyareoldoryoungisimportant.A.whichB.whetherC.howD.why,B,D,B,.,34,15.Thenews_LincolnwasmurderedfilledtheAmericanpeoplesheartswithdeepsorrow.A.whichB.whenC.thatD.how16._hesaidatthemeetingastonishedeveryonepresent.A.WhatB.ThatC.ThefactD.Thematter17.Idonttrusthispromise_hewillbuymeanewcar.A.whichB.whatC.whenD.that,C,A,D,.,35,18.Shereceivedthemessage_hewouldcomebyplane.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.when19.Energyis_makesthingswork.A.whatB.somethingC.anythingD.that20.Ourcityhaschangedalot,andnowitisquitedifferentfrom_afewyearsago.A.whatitusedtobeB.thatitusedtobeC.whichitusedtobeD.whatwasit,A,A,A,.,36,21.Weallknowthetruth_thereareair,waterandsunlight,therearelivingthings.A.whereverB.whereC.thatD.thatwherever22.Thetruevalueoflifeisnotin_,but_.A.howyouget;thatyougiveB.whichyouget;whatyougiveC.whatyouget;whatyougiveD.whatdoyouget;whatdoyougive23._isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.A.ThereB.ThisC.ThatD.It,D,C,D,.,37,真题详解,1.-Areyoustillthinkingaboutyesterdaysgame?-Oh,thats_.A.whatmakesmefeelexcitedB.whateverIfeelexcitedaboutC.howIfeelaboutitD.whenIfeelexcited,A,解析:这是由what引导的一个表语从句,在从句中充当主语,这句话的意思为:那是使我感到兴奋的事。故答案为A。,.,38,2.-IdrovetoZhuhaifortheairshowlastweek.-Isthat_youhadafewdaysoff?A.whyB.whenC.whatD.where,解析:这是一个由why引导的表语从句,表示原因。这句话的意思是“这就是你离开的原因吗?”,故答案为A。,A,.,39,3.Perseveranceisakindofqualityandthats_ittakestodoanythingwell.A.whatB.thatC.whichD.why,解析:what在表语从句中作takes的宾语,构成Ittakessth.todosth.的句型。答案为A。,A,.,40,4.Whenyouanswerquestionsinajobinterview,pleaserememberthegoldenrule:Alwaysgivethemonkeyexactly_hewants.A.whatB.whichC.whenD.that,解析:这是一个宾语从句,wants后面缺少宾语,Alwaysgivethemonkeyexactlywhathewants.是一句谚语,意思是永远给予他人他确实想要的东西。故答案为A。,A,.,41,_hemadeanimportantspeechatthemeetingwastrue.A.ThatB.WhyC.WhatD.How,2._wellgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.AIfBWhetherCThatDWhere,Choosethebestchoice,.,42,3.Itworriedherabit_herhairwasturninggray.whetherB.thatC.whatD.when4.WhatIsayandthink_noneofyourbusiness.A.isB.areC.hasDhave,.,43,Discoveringusefulstructures,1.Hisdiscoveryhasnotyetbeenproved.What_.2.Dotheotherastronomersaccepthisideas?Itremainsaquestion.Whether_.3.Thefirstappearanceoflifeonearthisstillamysterytoscientists.How_.,hasnotyetbeenprovedishisdiscovery,acceptshisideasremainsaquestion,isstillamysterytoscientis