Fragments不完整句解PPT课件

Fragment,不完整句,.,2,Everysentencemusthaveasubjectandaverbandmustexpressacompletethought.Awordgroupthatlacksasubjectoraverbanddoesnotexpressacompletethoughtisafragment.Followingarethemostcommontypesoffragmentsthatpeoplewrite.,Fragment,.,3,Dependent-wordfragments从属词不完整句-ingandtofragments现在分词和不定式不完整句Added-detailfragments附加细节不完整句Missing-subjectfragments主语缺位不完整句,Fragment,.,4,Dependent-wordfragments,Somewordgroupsthatbeginwithadependentwordarefragments.Followingisalistofcommondependentwords.,.,5,从属词:after/although/though/as/because/before/eventhough/how/if/evenif/inorderthat/since/that/sothat/unless/until/what/whatever/when/whenever/where/wherever/whether/which/whichever/while/who/whose,DependentWords,.,6,Dependent-wordfragments,Examples:AfterIcashedmypaycheck.Itreatedmyselftodinner.AfterIcashedmypaycheck,Itreatedmyselftodinner.Iwontleavethehouse.UntilIhearfromyou.IwontleavethehouseuntilIhearfromyou.,.,7,Howtocorrect?,1.Attachingittothesentencethatcomesafteritorthesentencethatcomesbeforeit:,IwontleavethehouseuntilIhearfromyou.,(Thisfragmenthasbeenattachedtothesentencethatcomesbeforeit.),2.Simplytoeliminatethedependentwordbyrewritingthesentence:,Icashedmypaycheckandthentreatedmyselftodinner.Iwillwaittohearfromyou.,.,8,-ingandtofragments,Whenaningwordappearsatornearthestartofawordgroup,afragmentmayresult.Suchfragmentsoftenlackasubjectandpartoftheverb.,.,9,Examples:1.Ellenwalkedallovertheneighborhoodyesterday.TryingtofindherdogBo.EllenwalkedallovertheneighborhoodyesterdaytryingtofindherdogBo.2.Wesatbacktowatchthemovie.Notexpectinganythingspecial.Wesatbacktowatchthemovie.Wedidntexpectanythingspecial.,-ingandtofragments,.,10,Howtocorrectingfragments?,1.Attachthefragmenttothesentencethatcomesbeforeitorthesentencethatcomesafterit,whichevermakessense.2.Addasubjectandchangetheingverbparttothecorrectformoftheverb.3.Changebeingtothecorrectformoftheverbbe(am,is,are,was,were),.,11,-ingandtofragments,现在分词结构位于主句之后,前面需加逗号的通常有两种情况:1.现在分词及其短语作非限制性定语,表示对先行词的进一步解释与说明Hewasagreatrealist,writingaboutordinarymenandwomenintheirmisfortunes.2.现在分词结构做表示伴随或结果的状语.Hesatinthearmchair，readinganewspaper.Herhusbanddiedtenyearsago，leavingherwiththreechildrentolookafter.注:表目的的现在分词放主句之后时前面不用逗号.,.,12,Howtocorrecttofragments?,1.Whentoappearsatornearthestartofawordgroup,afragmentsometimesresults:e.g.AttheChineserestaurant,Timusedchopsticks.Toimpresshisdate.Hespentonehoureatingasmallbowlofrice.2.Thesecondwordgroupisafragmentandcanbecorrectedbyaddingittotheprecedingsentence:e.g.AttheChineserestaurant,Timusedchopstickstoimpresshisdate.,.,13,Added-detailfragments,Added-detailfragmentslackasubjectandaverb.Theyoftenbeginwithoneofthefollowingwords:also/especially/except/forexamplelike/including/suchas,.,14,Added-detailfragments,Examples:1.Beforearace,Ieatstarchyfoods.Suchasbreadandspaghetti.Thecarbohydratesprovidequickenergy.Beforearace,Ieatstarchyfoodssuchasbreadand.2.Bobistakinganightcourseinautomechanics.Also,oneinplumbing.Hewantstosavemoney.Also,heistakingoneinplumbing.,.,15,Howtocorrect?,1.Attachthefragmenttothecompletethoughtthatprecedesit.2.Addasubjectandaverbtothefragmenttomakeitacompletesentence.3.Insertthefragmentwithintheprecedingsentence.,.,16,Missing-subjectfragments,Examples:1.Alicialovedgettingweddingpresents.Buthatedwritingthank-younotes.Alicialovedgettingweddingpresentsbuthatedwritingthank-younotes.2.Mickeyhasorangesodaandpotatochipsforbreakfast.Theneatsmorejunkfood,likerootbeerandcookies,forlunch.Then