2021版新高考英语一轮复习 Module 1 British and American English学案 外研版必修5

module 1 british and american english一、语基必备知识 (一)重点词汇分类记忆.阅读词汇在不认识的词汇前划motorway nunderground n.subway n. queue vi.omit vt. settler n.satellite n. flick n.structure n. edition n.cute adj. distinctive adj. .核心词汇写其形1accent n 口音2compare vt. 比较3steadily adv. 不断地；持续地4switch n. 开关5rapidly adv. 迅速地6announcement n. 声明；宣告7._add vt. 加；增加8present vt. 陈述；提出(观点、计划等)9attempt n. 努力；尝试10look n. 外观；外表；样子11criticise vt. 批评12standard adj. 标准的.拓展词汇通其变1refer v参考；查阅；提到reference n参考；查阅 2combine v结合；联合combination n组合；结合3obvious adj.显然的，显而易见的obviously adv.显然地，明显地4remark n& v评论；讲话remarkable adj.显著的；非凡的5vary v改变；使变化variety n种类various adj.各种各样的6simple adj.简单的simplify vt.简化simply adv.简单地；仅仅；不过7differ vi.不同，有区别difference n不同，区别different adj.不同的，有区别的8confuse vt.使困惑confusing adj.令人困惑的；难懂的confused adj.感到困惑的confusion n困惑1.“评论”不容忽视remark n& v 评论；讲话review n& v. 评论comment n& v. 评论；意见criticism n. 评论；批评2.ify结尾动词找一找simplify简化beautify 美化；使美丽classify 分类clarify 澄清identify 确定；鉴定；识别3.有“分”也有“合”combination n组合；结合unite v. 联合link v. 连接separate vt. 使分离divide v. 分开divorce v. (使)离婚/分离(二)重点短语记牢用活1have.in_common有相同的特点2make_a_difference 有影响，使不相同3get_around 四处走动(旅行)4be_similar_to 与相似5lead_to 引起；导致6in_favour_of 同意；支持7refer_to.as. 称为8thanks_to 幸亏，多亏9after_all 毕竟；终究1.to为介词的短语荟萃lead to引起；导致object to 反对devote to 献身于be/get used to 习惯于be accustomed to 习惯于pay attention to 注意2.“inn.of”短语大比拼in favour of支持；同意in view of 鉴于，考虑到in memory of 纪念in respect of 关于，涉及in terms of 就而言in charge of 主管，掌管3.“make an.”短语一览make a difference 有影响，使不相同make a contribution 做出贡献make a decision 做出决定make a mistake 犯错误make a noise 制造噪音make a reservation 预订 (三)重点句式背熟巧用句型公式教材原句句型1：while作连词表对比，意为“而；然而”americans use a flashlight, while for the british, its a torch.美国人把手电筒称为flashlight，而英国人叫它torch。句型2：have difficulty (in) doing sth.做某事有困难a londoner has_more_difficulty_understanding a scotsman from glasgow than understanding a new yorker.伦敦人要听懂来自格拉斯哥的苏格兰人说话比听懂纽约人说话更难。句型3：makeitadj.for sb.to do sth.使某人做是的(it为形式宾语) this nonstop communication, the experts think, has made_it_easier_for_british_people_and_americans_to_understand each other.专家们认为，这种不间断的交流已使得英国人和美国人相互理解起来更加容易。二、语境强化训练.语境填词根据提示写出该词的适当形式a根据汉语提示写出下列单词1recently people are very concerned about the rapidly(迅速地) rising food costs.2i read the announcement(声明，公告) of the summer camp that you have posted on the internet and i am very interested in it.3i am cautious about what i say because careless remarks(话语) are likely to hurt others feelings.4its standard(标准的) practice for a company like this one to employ a security officer.5he paid little attention to sentence structures(结构), which led to his failure in the test. b根据所给单词写出适当形式6obviously(obvious), whether we will hold this sports meeting depends on the weather in the coming months.7all attempts(attempt) to control the spread of the disease have failed because of the bad weather in that area.8comparing(compare) tom with other athletes, you will find that tom has the perfect body shape for a swimmer.9i dont mind her criticising(criticise) me, but it is how she does it that i object to.10mr. smith was presented(present) with a watch by the boss for his years hard work.语境品词写出加黑词汇在语境中的意义1(2019全国卷)every year about 40，000 people attempt to climb kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in africa.试图；尝试2(2019浙江卷6月)but can uniforms help improve school standards？标准；规范3(2019全国卷)now my dream is to open a cafe. though it may appear simple, it requires a lot of ideas and efforts.简单的4(2018北京卷)the coming technological advancement presents a chance for cities and states to develop transportation systems designed to move more people, and more affordably.带来；招致.选词成篇be similar to; lead to; have.in common; in favour of; refer to.as.li hua and i have been good friends ever since our childhood. we 1.have much in_common,_that is to say, we 2.are_similar_to each other in many ways. i believe that diligence 3.leads_to success, which li hua is 4.in_favour_of. so we 5.refer_to it as our motto.make a difference; get around; queue up/stand in line; pick up; thanks tomr. smith likes 6.getting_around in the town. but one day while 7.queuing_up/standing_in_line for the bus, he suddenly lost his consciousness. 8.thanks_to the help of the people present, he was sent to the nearest hospital. now his health has 9.picked_up. so it can be concluded that giving a helping hand to others will surely 10.make_a_difference.完成句子1汤姆从来不是一个很爱整洁的人，而约翰却极有条理。tom is never very neat, while_john_is_completely_organised2由于缺乏独立，目前大部分学生很难适应大学生活。for lack of independence, most students have_difficulty_(in)_adapting_to college life at present.3新技术已经使新产品以更低的成本更快速地生产成为可能。new technologies have made_it_possible_to_produce new products faster and at a lower cost. comparev比较，比喻，对照n比较，对照基础练习单句语法填空a. (2018浙江卷6月)dickens is compared with the mona lisa in the text to stress his importance in literature.ba teacher is often compared to a candle. thats because their devotion to work is beyond/without compare.a.(2019江苏卷)the first unique human characteristic is that humans have extraordinarily large brains compared(compare) with other animals.bwhen comparing(compare) different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities.能力提升句式升级(普通表达) if you compare the task with the previous one, you will find it seems a small challenge.(高级表达)compare_the_task_with_the_previous_one,_and you will find it seems a small challenge. (祈使句and陈述句)(高级表达)comparing_the_task_with_the_previous_one,_you will find it seems a small challenge. (现在分词短语作状语)(高级表达)_compared_with_the_previous_one,_the task seems a small challenge. (过去分词短语作状语) (1)compare.with/to.把和相比较compare.to. 把比作compared to/with. 和相比(通常作状语)compare notes (with sb.) (与某人)交换意见(2)beyond/without compare 无与伦比，举世无双(3)comparison n. 比较；对照；比喻in comparison with 与相比佳句背诵 in comparison with other films, the english short film, growing together, is believed to be more instructive and full of emotion.与其他影片相比，这部英文短片共同成长被认为更有教育意义且充满情感。(2018全国卷)i intended to compare notes with a friend, but unfortunately he couldnt spare me even one minute.我想跟一个朋友切磋一下，但很不幸，他连一分钟时间都挤不出来。名师点津 分词作状语时，如果与主语是被动语态关系，要其用过去分词形式；如果与主语是主动语态关系，要其用现在分词形式。 differvi.不同，有区别基础练习单句语法填空(北京卷)because a college community(群体) differs(differ) from the family, many students will struggle to find a sense of belonging.a.the twins are so alike. its difficult to tell the difference(differ) between them.b(2019全国卷)everybody uses a keyboard and everybody types differently(different)british english differs obviously from american english in pronunciation and spelling.能力提升完成句子只有我们言行一致才能对我们希望实现的任何事情有影响。only when we match our words with actions can_we_make_a_difference_in whatever we hope to accomplish. (1)differ from.in.与在方面不一样(2)difference n. 不同；区别make a difference 有影响；使不相同tell the difference between.and. 区分 与的差别(3)different adj. 不同的；相异的be different from.in. 在方面不同； 与不同(4)differently adv. 不同地 名师点津 (1)不同和相同不同：differ, be different, vary相同，相似：be the same, be similar/alike(2)ence后缀，构成名词referreference; preferpreference；existexistence; confidentconfidence presentn现在，目前；礼物vt.陈述；提出(观点、计划等)；赠送；呈现adj.出席的，在场的；现在的一词多义写出下列句中present的词性和含义the present situation is taking a turn for the better.adj.当前的classic works, written by masters, present great thoughts through fascinating stories and language.v.呈现all the people present at the party were his supporters.adj.出席的；在场的(北京卷)i was extremely interested in the ideas he presented in class.vt.陈述；提出(湖南卷)whenever you buy a present, you should think about it from the receivers point of view.n.礼物能力提升完成句子on teachers day, my students presented_me_with_some_flowers/presented_some_flowers_to_me(送给我一些鲜花)(2018全国卷)at_present(目前), the world has about 6，800 languages. the distribution of these languages is hugely uneven. (1)present sb. with sth.present sth.to sb.把某物赠送给某人(2)be present at. 出席(3)at present 现在，目前for the present 眼前；暂时 名师点津 present 用作形容词，表示“出席的，在场的”时，通常作表语或后置定语；表示“现在的，当前的”时，常用作前置定语。词块助记 present awards授予奖品/奖金/奖状the present difficulties/problems/situation 当前的困难/问题/形势make the past serve the present. 古为今用。 attemptvt.企图，尝试n努力，尝试基础练习单句语法填空kevin had treatment on the understanding that he would attempt to_overcome(overcome) his drinking problem.dont expect to pass the driving test at the first attempt. after all, youve been learning to drive for only a couple of days.能力提升一句多译他试图通过这次考试，但考试太难通过了。he attempted_to_pass/at_passing the exam, but it was too difficult to pass.(attempt v)he made_an_attempt_to_pass/at_passing the exam, but it was too difficult to pass. (attempt n) (1)attempt at doing/to do sth.尝试或努力做某事(2)make an attempt at doing/to do sth. 尝试或努力做某事at ones first attempt 某人第一次尝试 佳句背诵 the town is banning plastic bags in an attempt to protect the environment.为了保护环境，这个城镇禁用塑料袋。名师点津 尝试和做成(1)尝试做某事：try to do sth., have a try at doing sth., give sth. a try(2)做成某事：manage to do sth., succeed in doing sth. have.in common在方面有相同之处基础练习单句语法填空to my surprise, i found i had a lot in common with the stranger the first time i met him.britain, in common with many other industrialized countries, has experienced major changes over the last 100 years.能力提升完成句子(江苏卷)只有那些共同点多的人才能友好相处。恕我不敢苟同。有时的确是相异相吸。only those who have_a_lot_in_common can get along well.i beg to differ. opposites sometimes do attract. (1)have a lot/much/a great deal/nothing/little in common with.与有很多/没有 共同之处in common with. 与一样(2)common sense 常识；情理 佳句背诵 anyone with common sense is able to make the appropriate decision and do whatever suits the occasion best.任何一个有常识的人都会做出合适的决定，做任何最适合该场合的事情。名师点津 常考“inn.with”短语：in contact/touch with 与联系；in contrast with 与对比；in harmony with与协调一致；in line with与一致 lead to引起，导致；通向基础练习单句语法填空(2019江苏卷)misjudgments on the influences of new technology can lead to a waste of limited resources.a lack of confidence can lead to your losing(lose) the chance to go abroad for further education. im wondering what has led you to_believe(believe) that not all roads lead to rome.能力提升完成句子/句式升级(普通表达)the girl led_the_way(领路), so we had no difficulty finding the house.(高级表达)with_the_girl_leading_the_way,_we had no difficulty finding the house.(with宾语宾补) (1)lead sb.ton.带领某人到；使某人 得出(观点)lead sb.to do sth. 使某人做某事(2)lead a.life 过着的生活lead the way 引路，带路名师点津 lead to中的to为介词，后接名词、代词或v.ing 形式。表示“导致”的词汇还有：cause, result in, bring about。词块助记 lead a happy/hard/comfortable/simple life过着幸福的/艰苦的/舒适的/简朴的生活have difficulty (in) doing sth.做某事有困难(教材原句)a londoner has more difficulty understanding a scotsman from glasgow than understanding a new yorker.伦敦人要听懂来自格拉斯哥的苏格兰人说话比听懂纽约人说话更难。基础练习单句语法填空(北京卷)did you have difficulty finding(find) anns house?not really. she had given us clear directions and we were able to find it easily.you have no difficulty remembering(remember) the new words, so you cant imagine the difficulty i have learning(learn) them by heart.whenever we have trouble with our studies, our teachers always help us patiently. 能力提升完成句子/句式升级(普通表达)we had_difficulty_walking_home(步行回家非常困难) in the snowstorm. you cant imagine the difficulty. (高级表达)you_cant_imagine_what_difficulty_we_had_walking_home_in_the_snowstorm！(定语从句感叹句)(1)difficulty前可用great, much, some, any, no, little等修饰，difficulty还可以用trouble, problems, a hard time等替换。(2)have difficulty/trouble/problems/a hard time with sth.在某事上有困难(3)there is no difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth./with sth.做某事/在某事上没有困难佳句背诵 undoubtedly, we must have difficulty in searching for the road leading to science.毫无疑问，我们在寻找通向科学的道路上一定有困难。名师点津 (1)在考查句型have difficulty (in) doing sth.时，difficulty往往提前作为主句中的先行词，定语从句中谓语为“havedoing”形式；(2)have difficulty (in) doing sth.中的difficulty是不可数名词。维度一在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式1the clock has just struck twelve, announcing(announce) the end of the morning in school.2comparing the two boys, we found that tom is more careful. but compared with toms brother, tom is less careful.(compare)3id love to find a job combining(combine) my major and interest upon graduation so that i can fully develop my potential.4you cant imagine what great difficulty we have ever had dealing(deal) with the problems.5students should be encouraged to_present(present) their own opinions, whether right or wrong.维度二在空白处填入1个适当的单词1li hua has been preparing carefully for the 2021 college entrance examination, so that he can be sure of passing it at his first attempt.2studies have shown that too much control of emotion can lead to high blood pressure, hearing problems and other illnesses.3we should put aside our differences and discuss the things we have in common.4many children seldom communicate with adults, making it difficult for their parents to know what they are thinking about.5thanks to modern science and technology, people lead a more comfortable and richer life.维度三派生词练习1he made simple remarks on her remarkable achievements.(remark)2the reference book the teacher referred to just now is said to be popular among students.(refer)3the book explains grammar simply and clearly, because the author used simple example sentences to simplify abstract concepts.(simple)4they confused me by asking so many confusing questions. i was totally confused,_standing there in confusion,_not knowing what to do.(confuse)5from the appearance, we cannot tell the difference between the twins, though they always have some different ideas. as for this phenomenon, ideas differ among many people.(differ)维度四完成句子/句型转换1这首诗对于中学生来说很容易，而对于小学生来说就很难理解。(while)the poem is easy for a middle school student while_it_is_difficult_for_a_pupil_to_understand2从我自身经历中，我了解到几句表扬的话就会对某人有很大影响。(make a difference)from my own experience, i learned that several_words_of_praise_can_make_a_great_difference to someone.3对你不了解的事情不要妄加评论，否则你会被嘲笑的。(remark n)dont make_remarks_on/about what you dont know, or youll be laughed at.4everyone in this city knew him, so we found his house without difficulty.everyone in this city knew him, so we had_no_difficulty_finding his house.5if you compare the two books, youll find the thick one is better.comparing_the_two_books,_youll find the thick one is better.compare_the_two_books,_and youll find the thick one is better.compared_with/to_the_thin_book,_the thick one is better.提能一语段填空(短文中黑体部分为本模块核心知识点，请补全短文，并背诵体会黑体部分用法)1recently(recent) we have a debate about which english makes more 2.differences(differ) to us.some students think british english has more influence 3.compared(compare) with american english, because it is the “original” 4.variety(vary) of english and the bbc and many international newspapers use it. however, others are 5.in favour of american english. they hold the view 6.that most english language films are american, 7.which has led to more and more people across the world 8.using(use) american english.in 9.my(i) opinion, whichever english we use, we have no difficulty 10.understanding(understand) each other, because they have a lot in common.提能二话题写作(用本模块词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文)假设你是李华，你的美国朋友peter正在学习汉语，他写信向你请教如何提高汉语口语，请你按以下要点给他回信。写信目的；提出合理建议；表示祝愿。1补全要点句(黑体部分请用本模块所学词汇)得知你在试图学习汉语，并寻找提高汉语口语的办法，我很高兴。im delighted to know that you are_attempting_to_learn_chinese and seeking ways to improve your spoken chinese.我想向你提出一些关于如何提高你的汉语口语的建议。id like to present_you_some_advice on how to improve your spoken chinese.与其他语言相比，汉语更令人困惑， 也许会导致你困惑。compared_with other languages, chinese is more_confusing and it may lead_to_confusion for you.汉语学习者的兴趣、决心和努力意义重大。chinese learners interest, determination and hard work can make_a_big_difference和朋友们用汉语在线交流是一个好办法，这会让你的汉语口语快速提高变得容易。its a good idea to communicate with friends online in chinese, and it will make_it_easy_for_you_to_improve your spoken chinese rapidly.尽管你学习汉语时可能会有一些困难，但是永远不要放弃练习。though you may have_some_difficulty_learning_chinese,_never give up practising.2升级平淡句用非限制性定语从句升级句its_a_good_idea_to_communicate_with_friends_online_in_chinese,_which_will_make_it_easy_for_you_to_improve_your_spoken_chinese_rapidly.3衔接成美文(注意用适当的过渡衔接词汇：obviously，therefore, in addition, more importantly)_one possible version：dear peter，im delighted to know that you are attempting to learn chinese and seeking ways to improve your spoken chinese. id like to present you some advice on how to improve your spoken chinese.obviously, compared with other languages, chinese is more confusing and it may lead to confusion for you. therefore, chinese learners interest, determination and hard work can make a bi