英语新闻听力技巧PPT课件

.,1,TheSkillsforEnglishNewsListening,ToknowthestructureofEnglishnewsreport,TomemorizethecommonwordsusedintheEnglishnews,TomasteranumberofAcronym（n.首字母缩略词）,Toknowthedifferentpronunciationsofsamenumber,Todotheexercisestepbystep,Topayattentiontothegreatdomesticandforeignevents,.,2,掌握新闻报道的结构新闻报道往往采用“倒金字塔体”。所谓“倒金字塔体”，也称为倒叙法，即按新闻事实重要性的程度由要点到细节逐步扩展，安排全文。把最重要的事实置于全文的第一个句子中，这个句子被称为新闻导语(thenewslead)。它告知听众最关心最重要的事实，如事件(what)、时间(when)、地点(where)、人物(who)，以及原因和方式(why，how），即新闻导语包含了我们常说的五个WH和一个H构成的“新闻六大要素”。新闻导语是整条新闻的高度浓缩形式，听懂了导语，也就听懂了新闻的主要内容。当然，由于新闻报道的侧重点不同，有时新闻导语也可能只包含其中几个要素。,.,3,Ageneralpatterninanewsstoryisaninverted-pyramidstyle.Itmovesfromthemostimportanttotheleastimportant.Themainideausuallyoccursinthefirstoneortwosentences.,Inlongsentences,whatcanwefocuson?,Fivemainwh-elements:Englishsentence,likeatree,iscomposedbythetrunkandleaves.Findthetrunkandyouwillseethewholetreeandthenthewood.,.,4,OilministersoftheOrganizationofPetroleumExportingCountrieswillholdanemergencymeetingFriday.,What：AnemergencymeetingwillbeheldWhen：FridayWho：OilMinistersOftheOrganizationofPetroleumExportingCountries,.,5,普通词汇。尽管新闻报道所使用的词汇量很大，但是语言的基本词汇是稳定的。如VOA广播中的specialEnglish(特别节目)的新闻报告中常用词汇约1500个，这个重复率在报道中是很高的，如cease-fire，presidentialelection等政治性词汇，financebankinggroup等经济词汇以spaceshuttle，robot等科技词汇。,.,6,专有词汇(Propernames)。新闻报道是有关世界范围的最新消息，因在报道中常涉及许多人名、地名、国名。除此之外，新闻报道中还常常出现一些河流、山脉及名胜古迹等专有名词熟悉这些专有名词可使听者更快更准确地了解所听的新闻。,Himalayas,MountEverest,NilesRiver,Geneva,Ebola,.,7,由于新闻报道时间的限制，不少机构的名称常采用其缩略形式，即由该名称中数个词的首字母的大写形式组成，如：PLO（巴勒斯坦解放组织）是thePalestineLiberationOrganization的缩写形式。需要注意的是，听者不仅要了解这些缩略语的确切含义，而且还应知道它们的正确读音,APEC,OPEC,IMF,UNESCO,CPPCC,NATO,IOC,IRC,WTO,WHO,WB,.,8,APEC亚太经济合作组织(Asia-PacificEconomicCooperation)OPEC（欧佩克）石油输出国组织（OrganizationofthePetroleumExportingCountries）IMF国际货币基金组织（InternationalMonetaryFund）UNESCO联合国教科文组织（UnitedNationsEducational，Scientific，andCulturalOrganization）CPPCC中国人民政治协商会议ChinesePeoplesPoliticalConsultativeConference,.,9,Assignment,NATOIOCIRCWTOWHOWB,.,10,在新闻报道中经常出现许多数字，大到几十亿，上百亿，小到分数或小数。尤其对一些多位数的数字，要想立刻听准这些数字的确不容易，其主要难点在于位数过多。因此在听多位数的数字时，应对billion(十亿)、million(百万)、thousand(千)、hundred(百)等词尤为重视。同时，要注意一个数字的多种读法，如播音员把两个足球队比赛结果2：0读作twotonothing而不是读成twotonought或twotozero,152,489,3573,695,741,526,.,11,目前，许多外台(如BBC，VOA)的新闻英语报道有特别英语(SpecialEnglish)和标准英语(StandardEnglish)两种。所谓SpecialEnglish也可称为慢速英语，即新闻播放的语速较慢。就VOA而言，慢速英语每分钟不超过90个单词，而且新闻报道均是由简单易懂的英语缩写的，因此较适合初级阶段的新闻英语训练。然而它毕竟有其局限性，只能作为听力训练的一种手段，而不是新闻英语训练要达到的最终目的。,.,12,要想过真正通过新闻英语这一关，还必须进行StandardEnglish的训练。StandardEnglish也可称为常速英语，即新闻英语是用正常的语速播送的。就VOA而言，常速英语每分钟为135个单词，而且句法和词汇方面的难度也大些。经过从慢速英语到常速英语相当长一段时间练习后，收听新闻英语的能力一定会有很大提高。,.,13,平时应养成多看报纸，常听广播的习惯，这样就可以掌国际、国内的一些阶段性的热门话题及一些有争论的问题。若有可能的话，最好在收听新闻英语之前，先听一下汉语新闻广播。对于当天国际、国内发生的一些大事做到心中有数，然后，再收听外台的新闻英语报道。由于已有了一定背景知识，这些新闻英语报道就容易听懂了。当然在更高层次上也可以先听英语新闻，然后验之以汉语新闻。,.,14,收听英语新闻广播时有两点要注意：听懂英语新闻广播必须要有一定的听力理解水平，因对于外语初学者来说，应着重提高自己的英语听力水平，不要急于收听外台新闻广播，到了中高级阶段开始收听英语新闻广播较为合适。听者除掌握以上提到的技巧外，还必须多听多练，持之以恒地坚持听下去，就能最终达到“能听懂外台英语新闻广播”这一目标。,.,15,Tips:,要想在迅速掌握新闻听力题的做题要领，请注意以下要点：要点一：要详略得当听到英语新闻，不要被个别专用名词，如人名、国名地名、组织机构名等吓倒。要知道，对于绝大部分考题，这些专用名词听不懂也不影响解答，因此属于可忽略不听的信息。另外，新闻的文体结构特色鲜明，即呈倒金字塔结构，重点信息集中在开头尤其第一句话，接下来则是侧重细节展开的分述性信息。开头第一句话为新闻导语，相当于全文的主题句，要详细把握和听懂这一句话，从而掌握全文基调，利于理解。,.,16,要点二：新闻六要素一篇标准的新闻报道，必须包括六大要素，可概括为5个W和1个H，具体如下-When-新闻发生时间Where-新闻发生地点Who-新闻涉及人物What-所发生的新闻事件Why-为何会发生这一新闻事件How-新闻事件的背景，如何会诱发、促成这一事件;后续情况如何所谓要点，对于考试题目来说就是考点。因此，考生如果善于在听的时候把握以上新闻六要素，就可轻松理清头绪，条分缕析地掌握新闻内容。,.,17,要点三：善于联系上下文加强理解由于新闻播报的特殊性，一篇新闻内在结构往往非常紧密，内容环环相扣，这对考生来说是一大优势-如果遇到某些听不懂的内容，马上结合上下文，尤其是开头的新闻导语主题句，借助全篇总体内容，理解听到的个别细节。另外，平时也要多注意积累，多听、多看中文新闻，熟悉最新的国际时事，尤其政治、经济、军事、重大科研进展等方面的事件，这样再过渡到听英语的新闻，就可联想现有知识来帮助理解。,.,18,IthasbeennearlythreeyearssincePresidentBarackObama_whathasbeencalledtheAsiapivot.ThetermdescribesincreasingattentiononEastAsiaandthePacificafterreducingAmerican_inIraqandAfghanistan.Thisweek,PresidentObamaleftWashingtonforaweeklongtriptofourAsiancountries.Thetripaimedto_U.S.supportforthesecurityofAsian_andforreducingtrade_amongPacificnations.Mr.ObamaarrivedinJapanWednesdayatatimewhenanumberofalliesareconcernedaboutChinasmilitary_.ManyJapanesehavenotedthefailureoftheObamaadministrationtoactonitsthreatstoattackSyria.Theyhaveseentheadministrations_toprovidemilitaryaidto_.TheJapaneseareworriedthattheUnitedStatesmaynotcometoJapansaid.,announced,involvement,restate,allies,barriers,expansion,unwillingness,Ukraine,.,19,OnThursday,thepresidentsaidtheU.S.would_adefensetreatywithJapanifChinaseizesa_groupofislands.TheislandsareknownasSenkakuinJapanandasDiaoyuinChina.Mr.ObamaspokeaftertalkswithJapanesePrimeMinisterShinzoAbe.ThetreatybetweentheUnitedStatesandJapan_mybirth,soobviouslythisisntaredlinethatImdrawing.Itisthestandardinterpretationovermultipleadministrationsofthetermsofthealliance,whichisthat_undertheadministrationofJapanarecoveredunderthetreaty.Theresnoshiftin_.Theresnoredlinethatsbeendrawn.Weresimply_thetreaty.,honor,disputed,preceded,territories,position,applying,.,20,ListeningPractice,ExerciseOne,1.Identifythefivemainwh-elements,2.Retellwhathaveyouheard,3.Fillintheblanks,.,21,NorthKoreaisthreateningto_anewnucleartestin_toaU.N.committees_ofallegedhumanrightsabusesbyPyongyang.AUNGeneralAssemblyCommitteeresolutionrecommendsthe_referNorthKoreatotheInternationalCriminalCourtforallegedcrimesagainsthumanity.NorthKoreasaystheresolutionisfilledwith_slanders.,conduct,response,condemnation,SecurityCouncil,vicious,.,22,ExerciseTwo,ListeningDictation,AnewUnitedNationsreportfindsthepresenceoflargenumbersofsophisticatedweaponsaswellasforeignfighters,includingRussiansoldiers,areworseningthehumanrightssituationineasternUkraine.LisaSchleinhasdetails:“ThisseventhU.N.monthlyreportonUkraineshowsthesituationintherebel-controlledareasofeasternUkrainehasworsened.Thereportsaysmorethan4,300peoplewerekilledandmorethan9,900woundedintheconflict-affectedareasfrommid-ApriltoNovember18th.AccordingtotheU.N.,anaverageof13peoplehavebeenkilledeverydaysincethegovernmentandrebelsreachedagreementonacease-fireinearlySeptember.LisaSchleinforVOANews,Geneva.,.,23,ExerciseThree,Answerthefollowingquestions:,1.WhatsthePresidentgoingtodoinaboutthreehours?,2.WhatspurposeofthePresidentsnewplan?,3.WhatdoesthePresidentthinkoftheimmigrationpolicies?,4.WherecanwehearthePresidentsremarks,.,24,ExerciseFour,TheUnitedStatessaysnewwesterneconomic_againstRussiaforits_inUkrainewilltargetMoscowsdefenseindustryandcompanieswithcloselinkstoPresidentVladimirPutin.SpeakingonUSnewsshowSunday,_nationalsecurityadviserTonyBlinkensaidthatstartingthisweek,thelatestsanctionswould_whathecalledadditionalpressureonthecorporateofficials_toMr.Putinandthecompaniestheycontrol.EarliersanctionstargetedatsomebankingactivitiesandothercorporateofficialsclosetoMr.Putin.,sanctions,involvement,deputy,exert,closest,Fillintheblanks,.,25,ExerciseFive,Answerthefollowingquestions:,1.Whathasagrandjurydeclinedtodo?,2.Whohasbeenkilledandhow?,3.Wheredidhedie?,4.Howdidthefamilyslawyerfeelaboutthedecision?,.,26,Fillintheblanks,AgrandjuryinNewYorkhasdeclinedtopress_chargesagainstawhitepoliceofficerinconnectionwiththedeathofanunarmedblackmaninJuly.EricGarnerwaskilledbythepolicemans_,apracticebannedbytheNewYorkpolicedepartment.NickBryantreportsfromNewYork.“EricGarnersdeath_widespreadoutrageafteravideooftheincidentwaspostedonline._inbroaddaylight,itclearlyshowsawhitepoliceofficerholdingtheunarmedblackmanina_.EricGarner,whosufferedfrom_,canbeheardgasping,“Icantbreathe!Icantbreathe!”,criminal,stranglehold,sparked,Filmed,headlock,asthma,.,27,Asecondvideoshowedhimlying_ontheground,withpoliceandparamedicsmakingnoapparenteffortto_him.Helaterdiedinhospital.ThegrandjuryinStatenIslandhadbeenaskedtoconsiderwhetherto_thepoliceofficerwhoheldhiminaheadlock,DanielPantaleo.Butithasdecidedagainstbringinganycriminalcharges.TheGarnerfamilyslawyersaidhewas_.”,motionless,revive,indict,astonished,.,28,Dictationone:,TheBritishgovernmenthasexpresseddisappointmentatChinasdecisiontodenyaBritishParliamentarycommitteepermissiontoenterHongKongtoconductaninquiry.ABritishforeignofficespokesmansaidtherefusalwasnotinthespiritofagreementssigned30yearsagoforthetransferofHongKongsovereigntyfromBritaintoChina.,.,29,Dictationtwo:,StudentleadersandtheHongKonggovernmenthaveagreedtoholdformaltalksaboutendingthepro-democracydemonstrationswhicharestillblockingsomeroadsinthecity.Nofirmdatehasbeensetforthetalks.TheBBCcorrespondentinHongKongsaysBeijinghasmadeclearthatitsunwillingtogiveuptherighttodecidewhocanstandforelectionastheterritorysleaderin2017.Theprotestorshaveliftedablockadeofgovernmentoffices,buthundredsremainonthestreets.,.,30,Answerthefollowingquestions:,1.Whatsthemainideaofthispieceofnews?,2.Howmanypeoplehavebeenkilled?,3.Whathappenedaftertheblast?,4.Howmanypeoplewereinjured?Andwhy?,.,31,A_carbombingintheIraqicapitalBaghdadhaskilledatleast15people.Iraqiofficialssaidthebomberblewhimselfupafter_avehiclecrampedwith_intoasecuritycheckpointintheShiiteDistrictofKadhimiya.Theblastwas_byamortarfire.TheareainnorthernBaghdadisthesiteofamajorShiiteshrine.Securitysourcessaidamortarround_neartheshrine.Morethan30Peoplewereinjured.,suicide,ramming,explosives,landed,followed,.,32,Trueorfalse:,1.PresidentObamasayshehopestoseeChinabecomeprosperous,2.TheAPECsummitwasheldinShanghai.,3.AltogetherPresidentObamavisitedAsianinetimes.,4.Theshort-termtouristandbusinessvisatoAmericacanlastforonetotenyears.,.,33,PresidentBarackObamasayshisgovernmentwelcomestheriseofaprosperousandpeacefulChina.HemadethecommentduringaspeechtobusinessleadersattheAsia-PacificEconomicCooperationsummitinBeijing:“ThisismysixthtriptoAsiaasPresidentandmysecondthisyearalone.AndthatsbecauseasIvesaidoneachofmyvisits,AmericaisthoroughlyaPacificnation.WevealwayshadahistorywithAsiaandourfuture,oursecurityandourprosperityisinextricablyintertwinedwithAsia.”PresidentObamaalsoannouncedanewvisapolicywithChina,onethatwillincreasethevalidityofshort-termtouristandbusinessvisasissuedtooneanotherscitizensfromonetotenyears.,.,34,Fillintheblanks:,Policeandmedicalworkersmancheckpointsonthe_ofKenemainSierraLeone,thesiteofanEbolaoutbreakthatisspreadingacrossWestAfrica.Authoritiesareforcingpeopletotestforthedisease,some_trytoavoiddetection,_todieinsecret.Ebolacausesfever,vomiting,bleedinganddiarrhea.Itisspreadthroughcontactwiththebloodorotherfluidsof_people.Doctorssayalackofunderstandingiscontributingtoitsrapidspread.Porousbordersbetweentheinfectedcountriesmakeitdifficultto_.Thedeathtollfromtheoutbreakisgrowing.Doctorswarntheresponsehassofarbeenfarfrom_.HenryRidgwell,forVOANews,London.,outskirts,victims,preferring,infected,contain,adequate,.,35,Trueorfalse:,1.TheFrenchculturalministerhasntreadasinglenovel,2.ThisyearsNobelPrizeforliteraturewasawardedtoanEnglish.,3.Takinguptheministerialpostleavenotimeforhertoreadbooks,4.Peoplesattitudestowardherexplanationarequitedifferent.,.,36,TherehasbeenshockinFranceattherevelationthatthecountryscultureministerhasntreadasinglenovelinthepasttwoyears.TheministerFleurPellerinmadetheadmissionwhilebeinginterviewedonthetelevisionabouttheFrenchwinnerofthisyearsNobelPrizeforliteraturePatrickModiano.OurcorrespondentLucyWilliamsonwaswatching.Intheinterviewyesterday,Mrs.Pellerindescribedhavinghadawonderfullunchwiththewriterinquestion,PatrickModiano,butwasntabletosaywhichofhistitlesshepreferredbecauseshesaidshehadnthadtimetoreadhisbooksorindeedanyotherssincetakingupaministerialposttwoyearsago.Mrs.Pellerinscommentshavecausedalivelydebateonsocialmediawithsomeaccusingherofbeingatechnocratbutmanysympathizewithhersituation.OurcorrespondentLucyWilliamsonwasreportingfromParis.,.,37,Multiplechoices:,1.WhatdoesSyrianPresidentthinkoftheUNproposal?,Itismeaningless.B.itisuseles.sC.itisworthytobestudied.D.itisconstructive.,2.Whatsthegoaloftheplan?,TobringpeacetothecityinbattleTodistributesomefoodtotherefugeeputpressureontheSyriangovernmentToreconstructthecountry,3.Howmanypeoplediedinthecivilwar?,20,000B.120,000C.200,000D.12,000,.,38,Fillintheblanks:,SyrianPresidentBasharalAssadsaysaU.N.proposalfora_inrebel-contestedAleppowas“_studying.”Mr.Assadsaystheplanwouldneedtobeworkedontoachieveitsgoalsofreturningsecuritytothe_city.Theplanenvisionsa_infightingtoallowforhumanitarianaidthroughaseriesofsmall-scale,locally-negotiated_.Syriasthree-yearcivilwarhas_atleast200-thousandlives.,cease-fire,worth,embattled,freeze,truces,claimed,.,39,Dictation:,TheUnitedNationsWeatherAgencyhas_thattheworldisoncourseforthewarmestyearsincerecordsbegan,whichitsays_arisingtrendconsistentwithclimatechange.TheHeadoftheUNClimateChangeSecretaryChristianaFigueressaidthathightemperaturesofvastareasoftheoceansurfacewere_worrying.“Theheatisbeing_bytheoceans.Thereisnodoubtthattheoceancontinuestowarmandthatonaveryveryconsistentbasis,andwhatitisdoing,_,isdoingusalittle_.Theyareabsorbingtheheatthatcouldhavegonetothelandandpayingtheprice.”,warned,confirms,particularly,absorbed,frankly,favor,.,40,Fillintheblanks:,AnEgyptiancourt_theIslamicStateasaterroristgroup.ThecourtsaidSundaythatitalsoconsidersalloftheaffiliatesofthe_grouptobeterroristorganizations,includingAnsarBeital-Maqdis,anEgyptianjihadigroupthatpledgedits_totheIslamicStateearlierthismonth.Meanwhile,Syrianactivistssaythatinthelastdayatleast50IslamicState_werekilledintheongoingfightforcontrolofKobani,aSyriantownjustsouthofthe_border.TheSyrianObservatoryforHumanRightssaysthemilitantswerekilledin_fightingwithKurdishforces,U.S._andsuicidebombattacks.ElevenKurdishforcesinKobaniwerekilled.ThisisVOANews.,designated,insurgent,allegiance,militants,Turkish,intense,airstrikes,.,41,Answerthefollowingquestions:,1.WhatwouldhappentothedeposedEgyptianPresident?,2.WhereisthePresidentnowandwhy?,3.WhatisacourtdecisionaboutthePresident?,4.WhatdidthestudentsdoonSunday?,.,42,ThelawyerfordeposedEgyptianpresidentHosniMubaraksayshecouldsoonbefreed,havingservedtwo-thirdsofa_sentenceandclearedinthedeathsofanti-governmentdemonstratorsin2011.Mr.Mubarak,now86yearsold,isbeingheldinamilitaryhospital,servingathree-yearsentenceinthe_case.ButhisattorneysaystheformerEgyptianleadercouldbe_earlyunderanewEgyptian_thatfreesprisonersaftertheyhaveservedtwo-thirdsoftheirsentences.EgyptianauthoritiessaytwopeoplewerekilledandnineinjuredSaturdaynightinprotestsfollowingacourtdecisiontodropmurderchargesagainstMr.Mubarakinthe2011_inCairothatledtohis_Healsowas_ofaseparatecorruptioncharge.HundredsofstudentsprotestedonSundayatuniversitiesthroughoutEgypt.,corruption,graft,released,provision,uprising,ouster.,acquitted,.,43,Multiplechoices:,1.Whatisthepurposeofthetalksinthenextfewmonth?,TonegotiateaboutthedisagreementTodiscusstheworl