化学工程与工艺专业英语课后习题答案PPT课件

.,1,GeneralReview,.,2,ExerciseforUnit1:ChemicalInductry,pletethesummaryofthetext(1)theIndustrialRevolution(2)organicchemical(3)contactprocess(4)Haberprocess(5)syntheticpolymers(6)intermediates,.,3,(7)artificialfertilizers(8)cropprotectionchemicals(9)technology(10)pharmaceutical(11)researchanddevelopment(12)petrochemical(13)automaticcontrollequipment(14)capitalrather-than-laborintensive,.,4,3.PutthefollowingintoChinesecarbonate（碳酸盐）polypropylene（聚丙烯）epoxy（环氧基）vinyl（乙烯基）acetate（醋酸盐）pharmaceutical（药物的）spectrum（光谱）formaldehyde（甲醛）silica（硅石）ammonium（铵离子）polyester（聚酯）thelionsshare（大份额）,.,5,4.PutthefollowingintoEnglish钠Na(sodium)钾K(potassium)磷P(phosphur)氨(ammonia)聚合物(polymer)聚乙烯(polyethylene)氯化物(chloride)粘度(viscosity)烃(hydrocarbon)催化剂(catalyst)炼油厂(refinery)添加剂(additives),.,6,SupplementaryExercise1:Nomenclatureofchemicalelementsinthefirstthreeshortperiods,1.氢原子的英文名称是什么含义？答案：氢原子的英文名称hydrogen是由hydro（水）+gen（产生）合成的单词，表示“水之来源”。2.氦的英文名称是什么？有什么含义？答案：氦原子的英文名称helium，首次被从太阳光谱分析中确认，使用希腊神话中太阳神“Helios”的名字命名。,.,7,3.钠原子的英文名称是什么？钠的元素符号为什么不是英文名称的第一个字母？答案：钠原子的英文名称sodium来源于阿拉伯语suda，而钠的元素符号来源于它的拉丁文名称natron的第一个字母，所以有不同的表示。4.磷的英文名称是什么？有什么含义？答案：磷原子的英文名称phosphorus是由phos（光）+phor（fer带来）的合成词，表示“带来光”之意。反映出有些磷化合物在黑暗中发光的事实。,.,8,ExercisesforUnit2:ResearchandDevelopment,1.Completethesummaryofthetext(1)Rtheyareheldeverytwoyears.(A)semiannual(B)biennial(2)Youmayvote“yes”or“no”,ifyouwish,youmay_A_.(A)abstain(B)adjoin,.,99,(3)Manyboysatonetimeoranotherwanttobecomefiremen,butfewofthemactuallyenterthat_B_.(A)avocation(B)vocation(4)Theflightwasdelayedbecauseof_A_weather.(A)adverse(B)averse(5)TheAmericanRevolution(1775)_B_theFrenchRevolution(1789)byfourteenyears.(A)postdated(B)antedated,.,100,(6)Animminenteventbelongstothe_C_.(A)recentpast(B)present(C)nearfuture(D)dimpast(E)distantfuture(7)Bobisnotexclusive,he_B_.(A)trieshard(B)makefriendeasily(C)comeontime(D)keeptohimself(E)prepareshishomework,.,101,ExercisesforUnit12:WhatDoWeMeanbyTransportPhenomena?,3.PutthefollowingintoChinese:dimensional（维的）humidifier（增湿器）nozzle（喷嘴）onset（开始）conduit（导管）adhere（粘附或追随）finite（有限的）lateral（横向的）transition（过渡）shedlighton（阐明）flask（烧瓶）viscous（粘性的）,.,102,4.PutthefollowingintoEnglish:矢量(vector)标量(scalar)相似性(similarity)类似(analogy)剪应力(shearstress)界面张力(interfacialtension)脉动(fluctuationorpulsation)临界速度(criticalvelocity)层流(laminar)湍流(turbulent)势流(potentialflow)错流(crosscurent),.,103,SupplementaryExercise12:EnglishVocabularyfromLatinPrefixesandRoots(2),Filltheblankschoosingtherightanswer1.CaptainJohnSmithwassparedwhenPocahontas_A_inhisbehalf.(A)intervened(B)contravened(C)intersected(D)implicated(E)intercepted,.,104,2.Inanintrapartydispute,noneoftheparticipantsare_E_.(A)members(B)entirelyright(C)stubborn(D)allwrong(E)outsiders3.Therewasnointermissioninthefightingexceptforone_D_.(A)UNprotest(B)minorskirmish(C)surpriseattach(D)there-daytruce(E)shipmentoftheAllies,.,105,4.Theovereagerstudentshoutedouttheanswer,unabletoinhibithis_C_.(A)disappointment(B)apprehension(C)enthusiasm(D)anger(E)curiosity5.ThepatientwasinthehospitalfromNovember23toDecember3,inclusive,aperiodof_E_days.(A)twelve(B)nine(C)ten(D)thirteen(E)eleven,.,106,6.Innextweeksdebate,Sheilawillargueonthecontra,or_A_,sideofthequestion.(A)negative(B)extraneous(C)intrinsic(D)controversial(E)positive7.Quarrelsomeneighborsrarely_C_oneanothersviews.(A)countermand(B)censure(C)advocate(D)invoke(E)contradict,.,107,8.Anumberofmembersaskedmetointercede,butIrefusedtoactasa(an)_D_.(A)understudy(B)insurgent(C)adversary(D)go-between(E)adheret,.,108,ExercisesforUnit13:UnitoperationsinChemicalEngineering,3.PutthefollowingintoChinese:lixiviation（浸提）filteraid（助滤剂）flammability（易燃性）isotope（同位素）sedimentation（沉积）settling（沉降）correlation（相关性）funnel（漏斗）baffle（挡板）agglomeration（附聚或凝聚）,.,109,configuration（构造）tangentially（成切线）droplet（小滴）vortex（漩涡）drag（拽力）holdup（滞留量）,.,110,4.PutthefollowingintoEnglish:溶解(dissolution)溶液(solution)溶质(solute)溶剂(solvent)平衡级(equilibriumstage)不互溶的(immiscible)浸取(leaching)过滤(filtration)提纯(purification)板框压滤机(plateandframepressingfilteringextruder),.,111,旋风分离器(cycloneseparator)逆流(countercurrent),.,112,SupplementaryExercise13:EnglishVocabularyfromLatinPrefixesandRoots(3),Choosethecorrectanswerwhichhassimilarmeaningtotheexpressioninitalicsfromeachofthefollowingquestions._C_1.painfulinterlude(A)delay(B)dispute(C)interval(D)intermediary,.,113,_B_2.deeplyimplicated(A)sorry(B)involved(C)indebted(D)hurt_D_3.countertoexpectationlookforward(B)respond(C)appeal(D)contrary_A_4.exclusiveowner(A)sole(B)wealthy(C)rightful(D)principal,.,114,_B_5.nearlyexcised(A)inserted(B)removed(C)inscribed(D)repaired_C_6.evokedprotestsdisregarded(B)contradicted(C)elicited(D)banned_D_7.intrinsiccharacterinclusive(B)extraneous(C)unusual(D)essential,.,115,_C_8.uninhibitedresponse(A)untruthful(B)angry(C)unrestrained(D)thoughtful_B_9.impendingdownfallrecent(B)imminent(C)noteworthy(D)disastrous_A_10.notimpelled(A)forced(B)intercepted(C)explained(D)expelle,.,116,ExercisesforUnit20:MaterialScienceandChemicalEngineering,3.PutthefollowingintoChinese:imperative（绝对必要的）probe（试探）gelspining（凝胶纺丝法）matrix（母体）crossover（截面）cure（塑化）duct（导管）sinter（烧结）flaw（裂缝）tissueculturing（细胞组织培养）,.,117,hybridization（杂化）substrate（底物）uptake（吸收或领会）hydrolysate（水解产物）DNA（deoxyribonucleicacid脱氧核糖核酸）corollary（推论）,.,118,4.PutthefollowingintoEnglish:各向同性的(isotropic)各向异性的(anisotropic)放大倍数(magnification)氧化还原电势(redoxpotential)锰Mn(manganese)硅(silicon)锆(zirconium)兼容性(compatibility)必要条件(prerequisite)葡萄糖(glucose)好氧的（oxyphillic）层压塑料（laminate）,.,119,SupplementaryExercise14:EnglishVocabularyfromLatinPrefixesandRoots(4),Choosethecorrectanswerwhichhassimilarmeaningtotheexpressioninitalicsfromeachofthefollowingquestions._C_1.immaculaterecord(A)imperfect(B)dispassionate(C)faultless(D)unbeatable,.,120,_C_2.irrevocablemistake(A)minor(B)natural(C)unforgivable(D)pastrecall_B_3.easilydistracted(A)upset(B)diverted(C)abused(D)averted_C_4.incessantchatter(A)worthless(B)noisy(C)unceasing(D)illogical,.,121,_D_5.benevolentdespot(A)lavish(B)inhospitable(C)wise(D)kind_A_6.withoutdeviating(A)straying(B)seceding(C)stopping(D)hurrying_B_7.widediscrepancy(A)reduction(B)variation(C)increase(D)agreement,.,122,_C_8.inflexiblestand(A)immature(B)pliable(C)obstinate(D)defenseless_D_pletelyderanged(A)enervated(B)demolished(C)unnerved(D)demented_C_10.neversecure(A)indanger(B)separate(C)safe(D)obtained,.,123,ExercisesforUnit21:ChemicalIndustryandEnvironment,3.PutthefollowingintoChinese:stratosphere（平流层）troposphere（对流层）CFC（chlorofluorocarbon氯氟碳化物或氯氟代烃）bombardment（轰炸）devastate（毁坏）remediation（补救）on-site（现场的）microbe（微生物）,.,124,insecticide（杀虫剂）coax（哄骗）domain（领域）retrenchment（紧缩）ubiquitous（无处不在的）pervasive（弥漫的）serviceability（实用性）prevail（奏效）,.,125,4.PutthefollowingintoEnglish:紫外的(ultraviolet)臭氧(ozone)可生物降解的(biodegradable)烷基苯磺酸盐(alkylbenzenesulfonate)污水(wastewaterorsewage)温室效应(greenhouseeffect)污染(contaminationorpollution)膜分离(membraneseparation),.,126,气力输送(gaseoustransport)粉煤灰(flyash)辛烷值(octanerating)氢脆(hydrogenembrittlement),.,127,SupplementaryExercise15:AcomprehensivereviewofEnglishvocabulary,Choosethecorrectanswerw