2021版高考英语一轮复习 Unit 2 Language课后达标检测 牛津译林版必修3

unit 2 language课时练12篇阅读1篇完形 阅读理解a(2020安徽五校质检)gabriellas family immigrated to the us from peru when she was two years old. as a compound bilingual(熟谙两种语言的人), gabriella develops two linguistic codes at the same time, with a set of concepts, learning both english and spanish. her teenage brother, on the other hand, might be a coordinate bilingual, working with two sets of concepts, learning english in school, spanish at home. finally, gabriellas parents are likely to be subordinate bilinguals who learned a second language by translating it into their mother tongue.regardless of accent and pronunciation, all types of bilingual people can become fully proficient in a language. it seems that the difference may not be apparent. but recently brain imaging technology has given a glimpse into how specific aspects of language learning affect the bilingual brain. its well known that the brains left hemisphere(半球) is in charge of logical processes, while the right hemisphere is more active in emotional and social ones. language involves both types of functions. critical period hypothesis says children learn languages more easily because their developing brains let them use both hemispheres in language learning, while in most adults, language relies on one hemisphere, usually the left.before the 1960s, bilingualism was considered a handicap that slowed the childrens development by forcing them to spend too much energy distinguishing between languages. but a recent study did show that bilingualism may make you smarter. it does make your brain more complex, healthier, and more actively engaged, and even if you didnt have the good fortune of learning a second language like a child, its never too late to do yourself a favor and make the linguistic leap from “hello” to “hola” “bonjour” or “nihao” because when it comes to our brains, a little exercise can go a long way.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。研究发现，双语学习能使大脑更加聪明、更加健康、更活跃；学习外语永远不迟。1why is gabriellas family used as the example in paragraph 1?ato show that the family are bilinguals.bto explain the advantages of bilinguals.cto illustrate the three types of bilinguals.dto prove all ages can learn foreign languages.c解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的内容可知，gabriella家中有三种不同的双语学习类型的人，据此可知，第一段以gabriella的家庭为例是为了说明三种不同双语学习类型的人，故c项正确。2why do the children learn languages more easily than adults?abecause they learn languages with a set of concepts.bbecause they use both hemispheres to learn languages.cbecause their mother tongue doesnt influence them much.dbecause they can easily translate one language into another.b解析：细节理解题。根据第二段尾句中的“children learn languages more easily because their developing brains let them use both hemispheres in language learning, while in most adults, language relies on one hemisphere, usually the left”可知，儿童学习语言更容易是因为他们发育中的大脑让他们在语言学习中使用两个大脑半球，而在大多数成年人中，学习语言依赖于一个大脑半球，通常是左半球，故b项正确。3which of the following best explains the underlined word “handicap” in paragraph 3?adisease.bdisability.cdisadvantage.dillness.c解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段第一句“before the 1960s, bilingualism was considered a handicap that slowed the childrens development by forcing them to spend too much energy distinguishing between languages.”尤其是该句中的“slowed”和“forcing them to spend too much energy distinguishing between languages”并结合语境可推知，画线词与c项“不利因素，障碍”意思相近，故c项正确。4what can we infer from the text?athe left brain is more important for language learning.blearning languages can promote the brain development.cthe proficiency of language becomes weak gradually with age.dimmigrants have advantages in learning languages over natives.b解析：推理判断题。根据第三段第二、三句中的“but a recent study did show that bilingualism may make you smarter. it does make your brain more complex, healthier, and more actively engaged”可知，最近的一项研究确实表明，双语可能会让你更聪明。它确实会让你的大脑更复杂、更健康、更活跃；据此可推知，学习语言会促进大脑的发展，故b项正确。b(2020郑州高三第二次质量预测)thomas cheatham had planned to study latin during his time at hebron high school in texas. but when he learned that the school district was going to offer a mandarin(普通话) class, he quickly changed his mind.“i thought mandarin would be more beneficial than latin，” said cheatham, who is now in his second year of studying the language.he speaks mandarin to order food at chinese restaurants and can read social media posts from his chinesespeaking friends. while its a difficult language to master, the high school junior, who plans to study computer engineering, thinks it will be important for his career. “chinese is a good language to know, especially with china becoming a growing power，” he said.many experts agree that proficiency(熟练) in a language spoken by a billion people worldwide will give american students an edge in the global economy.“people are looking at china as our next economic competitor, and interest in mandarin is growing fast，” said marty abbott, director of the american council on the teaching of foreign languages. “were seeing it in all parts of the country.”abbott predicts that as many as 100，000 students are now studying mandarin in public and private schools throughout the us. she said the us government has designated(指定) mandarin as an “important need” language and provides professional development programs for teachers. “our government wants to increase our language ability for economic competitiveness，” abbott added.at the same time, the chinese government is spreading knowledge of the chinese language and culture through confucius institutes set up in many us states. for example, the confucius institute at the university of texas at dallas has been the home of a confucius institute for 10 years. it sponsors confucius classrooms at 21 local public and private schools, where tens of thousands of students are learning mandarin.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲了普通话在美国学生中日益流行。5why did thomas cheatham decide to study mandarin instead of latin?amandarin was easier to learn than latin.bmandarin could be helpful to his future career.cmandarin might help him learn more about china.dmandarin could enable him to study computer engineering.b解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“while its a difficult language to master, the high school junior, who plans to study computer engineering, thinks it will be important for his career.”可知，thomas cheatham认为学习普通话对他的未来职业有帮助，所以才决定学习普通话。6the underlined word “edge” in paragraph 4 probably means “_”aa slight advantagebthe outside limitca sharp tone of voicedan exciting qualitya解析：词义猜测题。根据语境尤其是第三段最后一句中的“chinese is a good language to know, especially with china becoming a growing power”和第四段第一句中的“a language spoken by a billion people”可知，随着中国的发展，学习普通话大有裨益，由此可推知，学习普通话让美国学生在全球经济中有一定的优势，这与文章第五段的内容呼应。故画线词意为“优势”，与a项含义相近。7which of the following statements might marty abbott agree with?amandarin should be taught in classrooms throughout the us.bthose skilled at chinese will be the most competitive in the future.cthe us governments policy has helped popularize mandarin in the us.damericans learn mandarin because they worry about their economic security.c解析：推理判断题。根据语境尤其是对第六段的整体理解可推知，在marty abbott看来，美国政府的政策有助于普通话在美国的推广。8what does the author mainly talk about in this passage?athe rising popularity of mandarin among american students.bthe great benefits of learning mandarin for american students.cthe influence of chinas growing power on american education.dthe effect of confucius institutes in promoting mandarin in the us.a解析：主旨大意题。根据对全文的整体理解可推知，本文主要讲述的是普通话在美国学生中日益流行的现象，这与最后一段的进一步论述呼应。故选a。 完形填空(2020河北九校联考)as a young girl i dreamed of being a dancer, so my parents let me attend dance classes when i was in first grade. but i _1_ knew the years to follow would teach me so many life lessons: hard work, leadership, passion(激情).i was a part of dance teams where i learned to dance in _2_ styles such as jazz, tap dance, ballet and so on. due to my talent and hard work, i quickly _3_ in the teams. however, these classes became too _4_ for my parents when i was 13, leading me not to take conventional dance classes for the next four years. i knew we were not _5_ then, so i had no complaint._6_ i was not taking dance classes, i used what i learned in _7_ classes to keep my flexibility and develop my dancing skills. throughout this time my _8_ for dancing helped me learn how to be a(n) _9_ as i coached myself, taught my sisters and _10_ my own shows for my family. with the time and hard work in the four years when i _11_ to take dance classes, i was able to be _12_ to my high school dance team.over the next three years in the team i _13_ myself to be the best dancer. i managed to involve myself in every dance _14_； i also struggled with many _15_. during the first year on the team both of my ankles hurt several times, and it took me months of _16_. however, my second competition season _17_ patellar tendinitis(肌腱炎) in my knees, which _18_ disturbs me constantly till today. even so, i was able to become a cocaptain of the team and lead them to _19_ the first national championship title in the _20_ of the team!【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了她学习舞蹈的经历，字里行间透露的是作者的毅力和决心。1a.reallybmerelycsuddenlydbarelyd解析：根据but的转折和后面的内容“the years to follow would teach me so many life lessons: hard work, leadership, passion(激情).”可知，此处应用一个表示否定意义的副词，表示作者不知道接下来几年的舞蹈学习会教她这么多人生课程。barely“几乎不，几乎没有”，符合语境。2a.variousblatestcuniquedclassicala解析：根据下文的“such as jazz, tap dance, ballet and so on”可知，作者学跳各种(various)风格的舞蹈。latest“最新的”；unique“独特的”；classical“古典的”。3a.worked outbtook outccame outdstood outd解析：根据上文的“due to my talent and hard work”可知，由于作者既有天分又勤奋，她很快在舞蹈队里脱颖而出。work out “锻炼身体，计算出”； take out “拿出，提取”； come out “出版，被获知，盛开”； stand out “出色，显眼”。4a.deadlybstrangeccostlydvaluablec解析：根据下文的“leading me not to take conventional dance classes for the next four years”可知，此处表示因为舞蹈课的费用非常高，父母无力支付，因此作者停止了舞蹈学习。costly是形容词，表示“昂贵的”。5a.happybcontentccomfortabledsecurec解析：根据上文作者父母无力支付作者舞蹈学习费用的内容和下文的“so i had no complaint”可知，此处表示作者知道家里并不宽裕，因此她并不抱怨父母。happy“幸福的”；content“满足的”；comfortable“宽裕的，富裕的”；secure“安全的，牢靠的”。6a.now thatbeven ifcas thoughdjust whenb解析：根据主句“i used what i learned.develop my dancing skills”可以推断出，该空所在的从句是让步状语从句，故用even if“尽管”。 7a.newbprimarycpreviousdfinalc解析：根据上文可知，作者这几年没有上正规的舞蹈课，由此推断她用以前学到的舞蹈知识来进行练习。primary“主要的，基本的”；previous“先前的”；final“最终的”。8a.energybadmirationcappreciationdenthusiasmd解析：根据上文可知，在不能上舞蹈课的情况下，作者还在坚持跳舞，由此可以推断出她对舞蹈饱含热情。energy “精力”；admiration “钦佩，羡慕”；appreciation “感激”；enthusiasm “热情”。9a.instructorbperformercpartnerdcontributora解析：根据下文的“coached myself, taught my sisters”可知，对跳舞的热情帮助作者学习如何做一个教练。instructor “教练，导师”；performer “表演者”；partner “伙伴，同伴”；contributor “投稿人，捐献者”。10a.spoke aboutbbacked upcmade updput ond解析：根据空后的“my own shows for my family”可知，作者为家人表演节目。put on“上演”。11a.attemptedbfailedcchosedintendedb解析：根据第二段的最后两句可知，作者四年间没有上正规的舞蹈课，再联系本句中的“in the four years”可知，fail to do sth.“未做某事”符合语境。attempt“尝试”；choose“选择”；intend“打算，计划”。12a.admittedbaddictedcadapteddapplieda解析：根据下一段内容可知，作者成为校舞蹈队的成员，因此这里指作者被校舞蹈队录取。be admitted to“被录取”。13a.consideredbpushedcwarneddexpectedb解析：根据下文的“i managed” “i also struggled” “i was able to become a cocaptain of the team and lead them to.”可知，此处表示在校舞蹈队期间，作者督促自己做该队中最优秀的队员。push sb. to be/do.表示“督促某人成为/做”。consider“认为”；warn“告诫”；expect“期望”。14a.examinationbcampaigncactivitydtrialc解析：根据语境可知，作者努力参与每一项校舞蹈队的舞蹈活动(activity)。15a.injuriesbgoalscdisagreementsddesiresa解析：根据下文的脚踝受伤、肌腱炎可知，在跳舞过程中作者曾多次受伤(injuries)。goal “目标”；disagreement “分歧”；desire “欲望”。16a.recoverybpracticecsufferingdlearninga解析：根据上文的“both of my ankles hurt several times, and it took me months of _”可推断出，此处指作者脚踝受伤之后花费数月恢复，故选recovery “恢复，康复”。practice “训练”；suffering “痛苦”；learning “学习”。17a.curedbcausedcdefeateddfoughtb解析：根据上下文可知，第二个舞蹈赛季导致(caused)作者患肌腱炎。18a.justbalsocyetdstilld解析：根据空后的“disturbs me constantly till today”可知，此处应表示这直至今天还困扰着作者，故用still。19a.approachbunderstandcwindkeepc解析：即便有这么多伤痛，作者还是成功带领校舞蹈队赢得了校舞蹈队历史上第一个全国冠军头衔。根据句中的“national championship title”可知，此处用win。win the.title表示“获得冠军头衔”。20a.organizationbhistorycchargedimaginationb解析：参见上题解析。课时练22篇阅读1篇七选五1篇语法填空 阅读理解a(2020滁州高三模拟)traveling to a foreign country can make you frightened if you dont know the local language. mr. thibault has a number of tips to help travelers manage in a destination when they dont speak the native tongue, based on his own experience. here are a few of them.download a language translation appmr. thibault tends to rely on google translate and suggests that travelers find an app that works for them. ideally, find one that specializes in the language you need to translate especially if the language uses a character set youre not familiar with, or have difficulty pronouncing.speak with your hands and headpointing with your hands and nodding or shaking your head, mr. thibault said, are easy ways to communicate with locals in the country youre in. “gestures are all universally understood，” he said.learn a few key wordsknowing basic words and phrases like “hello”， “thank you” and “im sorry. i dont speak your language. do you speak english？” is a must, mr. thibault said. showing that you care enough to learn some of the language before you go, and at least enough to acknowledge that you dont know more, is a form of respect and will go a long way to be liked by locals.work with a local travel agentif you feel particularly uncomfortable in the country youre headed to, and you have to go anyway, relying on a local travel agent who knows both your and your destinations languages can be incredibly useful.hire a local tour guidea tour guide can help you get a better grasp of the local language and is a good person to practice words and phrases with. whenever mr. thibault visits a new country, he books a sightseeing tour with a guide on the first day of his trip. “i use this day to learn about my destination and get familiar with the language，” he said.【解题导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章针对不会说外语的旅行者到国外旅游提出了几条建议，包括下载翻译软件、使用肢体语言、出发前学习关键词、利用当地旅行社的帮助以及雇用当地导游。1in what situation should a language translation app be applied while traveling abroad?awhen you have trouble pronouncing the words.bwhen you want to acknowledge your ignorance.cwhen you want to practice the local language.dwhen you feel uncomfortable in the country.a解析：细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词“a language translation app”定位至第二段，根据该段第二句“ideally, find one that specializes in the language you need to translate especially if the language uses a character set youre not familiar with, or have difficulty pronouncing.”可知，在该语言使用你不熟悉的字符集或者你发音有困难时，你应当下载翻译软件，故a项正确。2what is the easiest way to communicate with foreigners according to the text?adownloading a language translation app.blearning a few key words.cusing body language.dworking with a guide.c解析：推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“pointing with your hands and nodding or shaking your head, mr. thibault said, are easy ways to communicate with locals in the country youre in.”可知，使用双手、点头或摇头，是你和当地人交流的简单的方式；据此可推知，使用肢体语言是与当地人交流最简单的方式，故c项正确。3how can you better understand the local language?aby speaking with your hands and head.bby learning a few key words.cby downloading a language translation app.dby hiring a local tour guide.d解析：细节理解题。根据尾段第一句“a tour guide can help you get a better grasp of the local language and is a good person to practice words and phrases with.”可知，导游可以帮助你更好地掌握当地的语言，而且导游是你与其练习单词和短语的最佳人选，故d项正确。b(2020石家庄高三质检)most dog owners are convinced that their fourlegged friends know exactly what they mean when they use certain words like “sit”， “stay” or “treat”. however, researchers have always wondered whether dogs really understand human speech or if they rely on other information to get the meaning. for example, does the word “fetch” form a picture of a stick or ball in the dogs mind, or does the dog bring back the object based on the owners voice or gesture? a new study by scientists at atlantas emory university seems to indicate that “mans best friend” does indeed know what the owner is saying.the researchers began by asking the owners of twelve dogs of various kinds to train their pets to identify two toys of different materials, such as a toy animal and a ball. once the dogs had mastered the task, they took turns inside a special scanner. the owners then tested their dogs language skill by first calling out the names of the toys they had been trained to recognize and then saying meaningless words such as “bobbu” and “bodmick” while holding up random objects the dogs hadnt seen before.the scans suggested that the parts of the dogs brains responsible for processing sounds showed different brain patterns when they heard words they were familiar with, compared with the ones they had never heard before. while that was not enough to prove that the dogs were picturing their toys when they heard the word, it did indicate some sort of recognition. the researchers believe this is an important step in understanding how dogs process language.something even more interesting was that the dogs brains showed a higher level of neural (神经的) activity at the sound of unknown words. this is the exact opposite of what happens in human brains, which get more active at the sound of familiar words. the researchers say the dogs may become cheerful at the sound of new words to try to understand them in the hope of delighting their masters. “dogs want to please their owners, and perhaps also want to receive praise or food，” says emory neuroscientist gregory berns, senior author of the study.however, though a pet may understand human speech, the scientists recommend using visual signals and smell for training. “when people want to teach their dog a trick, they often use sp