2021版高考英语大一轮复习 核心素养测评十三 Unit 1 Getting along with others 牛津译林版必修5

核心素养测评十三 unit 1getting along with others. 阅读理解athe woman didnt like us. we didnt do anything to offend her and she didnt know us but that didnt matter. as new female teachers in the emirati school, we westerners greeted her every day. whenever we saw her, she avoided eye contact with us. eventually, some of us stopped trying to befriend her. well after 16 months in the school, we had a secret pal gifting. i drew her name from the glass jar and that meant she was my secret pal. my role was to buy her a gift and say something about her when we publicly acknowledged who our secret pal was. i bought her a small rose arrangement and asked someone to write a message on it and then sent it to her room. she was so touched. next day i sent a bottle of shampoo but i wrote the message in english because she needed to know her secret pal was a westerner before the day of the “big reveal”. i also sent her a fragrant candle. i had brought a few gifts from ireland when i returned to the middle east in september. i decided to gift her a silver coloured bangle. then came the day of the “big reveal”. we all gathered in the staff meeting room and everyone was excited. the host said, “several days ago, when you received your gift, you wrote a few kind words about your secret pal and passed the gift to them. ” she taught music in the school so i said, “my secret pal is someone who brings music to our ears every day of the week. ” i didnt even need to say her name because everyone knew exactly who i meant. she came forward with a huge warm smile. she hugged me and kissed me on both cheeks and graciously accepted my gifts. i think everyones understanding of things is subjective, so we should have more communication with people around us. 【文章大意】本文为记叙文。主要讲述了“我”和一位阿联酋学校新来女教师交朋友的故事。从中“我”认为每个人对事物的理解都是主观的, 所以我们应该多和身边的人交流。1. how did the woman respond to the westerners greetings? a. she blamed them. b. she kept away from seeing their eyes. c. she treated them kindly. d. she avoided meeting them again. 【解析】选b。 细节理解题。根据第一段中的as new female teachers in the emirati school, we westerners greeted her every day. whenever we saw her, she avoided eye contact with us. (作为阿联酋学校新来的女教师, 我们西方人每天都和她打招呼。我们每次见到她, 她都避免与我们目光接触)可知, 当西方人跟她打招呼时, 她总是避免与他们目光接触。故选b。2. what was the author supposed to do after knowing the name of her secret friend? a. prepare a gift for her. b. write a speech about her. c. find out who it is. d. chat with her. 【解析】选a。 细节理解题。根据第二段中的my role was to buy her a gift and say something about her when we publicly acknowledged who our secret pal was. (我的职责是给她买一件礼物, 当我们公开承认谁是我们的秘密朋友时, 对她说点什么)可知, 当作者知道了她的秘密朋友的名字后, 她要给秘密朋友准备一份礼物。故选a。3. why did the author write the message in english in paragraph 3? a. to show other teachers her identity. b. to teach the woman some english. c. to let the woman know her nationality. d. to make other teachers better understand her intention. 【解析】选c。细节理解题。根据第三段中的i wrote the message in english because she needed to know her secret pal was a westerner before the day of the “big reveal”. (我用英语写这条信息, 因为她需要在“大揭秘”那天之前知道她的秘密朋友是西方人)可知, 作者用英语写这条信息是为了让这位女士知道她的国籍。故选c。4. what was the womans attitude towards the author at last? a. friendly. b. doubtful. c. regretful. d. forgiving. 【解析】选a。细节理解题。根据最后一段中的she came forward with a huge warm smile. she hugged me and kissed me on both cheeks and graciously accepted my gifts. (她带着一个大大的温暖的微笑走上前来。她拥抱我, 亲吻我的双颊, 很有礼貌地接受了我的礼物)可知, 最后, 这位女士对作者非常友好。故选a。【知识拓展】佳词积累1. offendvt. 冒犯2. befriendvt. 友善对待3. acknowledgevt. 承认4. fragrantadj. 香的, 芳香的5. graciouslyadv. 优雅地6. subjectiveadj. 主观的bby day a cairo dentist and by night a novelist, he spent years struggling to get published. today, alaa al aswany is a best-selling writer across the globe. aswany was born in cairo in 1957. his father was also a novelist, who won the state award for literature in 1972. “he was my first professor of literature. he told me what to read and what not to read, ” said aswany, who had a traditional french education and then went to chicago to study for his dentistry degree. in 2002, his novel the yacoubian building, was quietly accepted by a small, independent publisher in cairo. its first edition sold out in four weeks and it was the arab worlds best-seller for five successive years, selling 250, 000 copies in a region where print runs seldom go beyond 3, 000. word spread quickly, people talked about it. it was made into a hit film and a tv serial, and has since been translated into 27 languages. aswany said, “society is a living organism and you must keep up. thats why i still practise, though for only two days a week. i will never close the clinic (诊所). the clinic is my window. i open it to see what is happening in the street. you cant get disconnected from the street, as a writer; thats a common mistake. you can be too easily welcomed every night by the richest people and the most influential. it is very dangerous because it is that relationship with the street that made you successful in the first place. ”【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。alaa al aswany是全球最畅销的作家, 他白天是开罗的牙医, 晚上是一位小说家。他将诊所当作与现实世界建立联系的窗户。5. what role did aswanys father play in his writing career? a. he aroused his interest in literature. b. he taught him french in college. c. he read him novels as a reward. d. he sent him to chicago to learn literature. 【解析】选a。细节理解题。根据第二段中his father was also a novelist, who won the state award for literature in 1972. “he was my first professor of literature. he told me what to read and what not to read, ” said aswany“他的父亲也是一位小说家, 1972年获得国家文学奖。他是我的第一位文学教授。他告诉我什么该读, 什么不该读。aswany说。”可推知aswany的父亲激起了aswany对文学的兴趣。故选a。6. how did the novel the yacoubian building firstly become well known? a. by its film adaptation. b. by media advertising. c. by the public concern. d. by its amazing. 【解析】选c。细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句word spread quickly, people talked about it. it was made into a hit film and a tv serial, and has since been translated into 27 languages. (消息很快传开了, 人们开始谈论它。它被拍成热门电影和电视剧, 并被翻译成27种语言。)可知小说雅库比恩公寓首先是通过引起公众的关注而出名。故选c。7. why does aswany still work as a dentist? a. he likes the view in the street. b. he needs to make a living as a dentist. c. he wants to help the poor as a doctor. d. he connects to real life through his clinic. 【解析】选d。细节理解题。根据最后一段中the clinic is my window. i open it to see what is happening in the street. (诊所是我的窗口。我打开它看看街上发生了什么。)可知诊所是aswany的窗口。aswany通过诊所来与现实生活建立联系。故选d。8. which of the following can best describe aswany? a. generous. b. hardworking. c. outgoing. d. humorous. 【解析】选b。推理判断题。根据最后一段内容, 尽管aswany已经很出名, 但是他还是坚持一周两天在诊所里工作, 来让自己和现实世界建立起联系, 可以看出aswany是一个非常勤奋的人。故选b。【知识拓展】词汇积累award n. 奖; 奖学金v. 把(某物)授予(某人)successfuladj. 成功的quicklyadv. 迅速地; 很快地in the first place首先; 起初. 阅读填句words have great power. death and life are in the power of the tongue. many of us have been offended by words and know how badly words hurt. 1. trust me if you are not careful in this area, your emotions will soon be controlled by the words of the people around you. 2. if someone tells you “you are a fool. ”, dont believe it in your mind. people who hurt you can never really harm you unless you allow yourself to be defined by these words. you are a child of god. you are very valuable in the sight of god, so never allow yourself to feel inferior just by the words of other people. turn those words into positive thoughts within you. if there is something wrong with your actions, and others are trying to correct you, it can sometimes hurt your feelings if their words are hurtful. 3. think like this in your mind, “yes, im wrong, but ill find out ways to improve. now i have hope because i know i can change. ”respond softly. if someone speaks in a hurtful way, take a deep breath first and try to speak softly and kindly in response. 4. on the contrary, an angry answer is like a sword, which will bring harm instead of healing. be silent. 5. its none of your business. we need not respond to every personal comment from people. its not your problem that they keep on hurting you on purpose. so simply leave it. a. a soft answer turns away angerb. dont worry about what others sayc. it is wise to correct others mistake by soft wordsd. never let negative words of others define who you aree. in that case change those words into positive thoughtsf. if someone is purposefully hurting you for no reason, simply be silent and ignore itg. today i will share a few tips on how to handle the effect of negative words spoken to you【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文, 具体说明了如何处理言语伤害。1. 【解析】选g。根据下文的小标题可知应选g。 2. 【解析】选d。根据下文“people who hurt you can never really harm you unless you allow yourself to be defined by these words. ” 可知答案为d。3. 【解析】选e。in that case 指代上文中“it can sometimes hurt your feelings if their words are hurtful. ”可知答案为e。4. 【解析】选a。根据下文逻辑关系“on the contrary, an angry answer is like a sword, which will bring harm instead of healing. ”, 可知答案为a。5. 【解析】选f。根据下文中“its not your problem that they keep on hurting you on purpose. so simply leave it. ”, 可知答案为f。. 语法填空阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。as children in china look forward to their six-week summer holiday, parents are finding themselves 1. (suffer)from higher levels of stress and financial strain. it was 2. similar tale last year, when “having 30, 000 yuan monthly salary cannot afford the summer holiday” also went viral online. the trend reflects the 3. (anxious) and fear of parents that their children 4. (lag) behind other classmates during the summer break. 5. (keep) their offspring in study mode, parents try to fill the holiday 6. different classes and tours, at ever-increasing expense. yin jianli, a writer 7. specializes in family and education 8. (issue), said it was unnecessary. “many parents thought they could buy their children a 9. (good)education, but 10. (actual), a holiday should be a time for rest and play, not study. ”she said. 1. 【解析】suffering。考查非谓语动词。句意: 父母们发现自己承受着更大的精神和经济压力。分析句子可知, suffering. . . 在句中作宾语补足语, 与宾语themselves是逻辑上的主谓关系。故用现在分词suffering。2. 【解析】a。考查不定冠词。句意: 去年也是这样。tale为可数名词, 故用不定冠词a。3. 【解析】anxiety。考查词性转换。句意: 这种趋势反映出家长的焦虑和担心: 怕他们的孩子暑假期间落后于其他同学。动词reflects后需用名词作宾语。故将形容词anxious改为名词anxiety。4. 【解析】will lag。考查一般将来时。此处表示一种倾向性, 故用will lag。5. 【解析】to keep。考查非谓语动词。句意: 为了让孩子始终处于学习模式, 家长们试图用不同的课程和出游填满假期, 花费自然不断增加。此处动词不定式作目的状语。故填to keep。6. 【解析】with。考查固定搭配。fill. . . with. . . 用填补。故用介词with。7. 【解析】who。考查关系代词。句意: 专门研究家庭和教育问题的作家尹建利表示, 没有必要在暑假期间为孩子们安排这么多活动。who引导定语从句, 代指人。8. 【解析】issues。考查名词复数。issue为可数名词, 此处应用复数形式。故填issues。9. 【解析】better。考查形容词比较级。句意: 她说: “许多家长认为他们可以为孩子买到更好的教育, 但实际上, 假期应该是休息和玩耍的时间, 而不是学习。”故用better。10. 【解析】actually。考查词性转换。此处应用副词作状语。故用actually。【知识拓展】佳词积累1. strainn. 压力2. go viral迅速传播3. reflect vt. 反映4. offspring n. 后代5. specialize vi. 专门从事. 阅读理解twenty-one years ago, my husband gave me sam, an eight-week-old schnauzer(雪纳瑞犬), to help ease the loss of our daughter. sam and i developed a very special bond over the next years. at one point, my husband and i decided to move to a new home in new jersey. our neighbor, whose cat had recently had kittens, asked if we would like one. we were a little apprehensive about sams jealousy and how he would handle his turf(地盘)being invaded, but we decided to risk it. we picked a little, gray, playful ball of fur. she raced around chasing imaginary mice and squirrels and jumped from table to chair in the blink of an eye, so we named her lightning. at first, sam and lightning were very cautious with each other and kept their distance. but slowly, lightning started following sam up the stairs, down the stairs, into the kitchen. later, when they slept, it was always together; when they ate, it was always next to each other. when i took either one out, the other was always waiting by the door when we returned. that was the way it was for years. then, without any warning, sam was diagnosed as having a weak heart. i had no other choice but to have him put down. the pain was nothing compared with what i experienced when i had to walk into our house alone. this time, there was no sam for lightning to greet and no way to explain why she would never see her friend again. in the following days, lightning seemed heart-broken. i could see the disappointment in her eyes whenever anyone opened the front door, or the hope whenever she heard a dog bark. one day as i walked into our living room, i happened to see lightning was lying next to the sculptured replica(复制品)of sam that we had bought a few years ago, one arm wrapped around the statues neck, contentedly sleeping with her best friend. 【文章大意】本文属于记叙文, 主要讲述一只猫和一只宠物狗之间的友谊, 当宠物狗死了之后, 猫很伤心, 当发现宠物狗的雕像时, 它很开心地睡在其“朋友”的身边。1. what does the underlined word “apprehensive” in paragraph 2 mean? a. shocked. b. curious. c. worried. d. eager. 【解析】选c。词义猜测题。根据第二段. . . sams jealousy and how he would handle his turf being invaded, but we decided to risk it. “尽管害怕sam嫉妒, 以及不知道它怎么处理被入侵的领地, 但是我们依然决定冒险”可知, 作者害怕领养一只猫会对宠物狗造成不好的影响, 故选c。2. how did sam get along with lightning at first? a. lightning followed sam everywhere it went. b. they fought with each other fiercely. c. they kept a certain distance from each other. d. sam was unfriendly to lightning. 【解析】选c。细节理解题。根据第四段at first, sam and lightning were very cautious with each other and kept their distance. 可知, 起初sam 和lightning都对对方很谨慎, 保持一定距离, 故选c。3. what can we infer from the text? a. lightning knew sam had died. b. sam meant a lot to lightning. c. we took lightning home to accompany sam. d. sam came back to stay with lightning again. 【解析】选b。推理判断题。根据最后一段one day as i walked into our living room, i happened to see lightning was lying next to the sculptured replica of sam that we had bought a few years ago, one arm wrapped around the statues neck, contentedly sleeping with her best friend. 可知, 作者有一天进屋发现lightning躺在sam的复制品的旁边, 一个爪子搭在雕像的脖子上, 和它的好朋友心满意足地入睡了。故可知, sam对于lightning来说很重要, 故选b。4. what can be the best title of the text? a. the friendship between sam and lightningb. the coming of sam and lightningc. the death of sam to lightningd. the importance of sam to us【解析】选a。主旨大意题。本文主要讲述一只猫和一只宠物狗之间的友谊, 当宠物狗死了之后, 猫很伤心, 当发现宠物狗的雕像时, 它很开心地睡在其“朋友”的身边, 故选a。【知识拓展】佳词积累1. easevt. 缓解2. jealousy n. 嫉妒; 羡慕3. invade vt. 入侵; 侵扰4. diagnosevt. 诊断; 判断5. heart-broken adj. 心碎的. 完形填空on the snowy morning of january 28, i only planned to take my garbage out before heading straight back inside. however, while taking the garbage out to the1 along the road, my four-year-old black labrador, midnight, started acting strangely. her ears perked up (竖起)2 me. i had never seen her make that expression. i felt something might be 3, so i let midnight lead the way and followed her over to my 4 neighbors house. when we got to a spot on the other side of the home, we 5 87-year-old noreen lying in the 6. i figured she had been out there at least one and a half hours. hurriedly, i 7 her up and brought her into my home. once inside, my wife and i made sure she wasnt seriously injured and 8 she didnt have frostbite (冻伤). however, her hands were already 9 so we helped her warm up and gave her dry clothes. later noreen explained to me she had gone out earlier that 10 to fill her bird feeder before the temperature dropped even further the following day but she was 11in the snow after taking a 12 and hadnt been able to get up on her own. noreen is now much better but knows how 13 she came to losing her life. she was grateful. “midnight is without doubt the reason i am still 14 today, ” said noreen. without midnight i would never have seen noreen lying on the ground. weve been very 15 of her because its not every dog that pays attention to things like this. 【文章大意】本文是记叙文。文章叙述了在一个极度寒冷的早晨, 一只拉布拉多犬的异常行为, 引起了主人的关注, 跟随他的狗, 他发现87岁的邻居倒在雪地上危在旦夕。他立刻对老人进行救助, 最后老人脱离危险。1. a. carb. mailboxc. dustbind. court【解析】选c。根据上下文以及常识, 作者把垃圾拿出去放入外面路边的垃圾箱里(dustbin)。car“车”; mailbox“邮箱”; court“网球场”。2. a. looking atb. walking besidec. looking afterd. listening to【解析】选a。根据第一段最后一个单词expression“表情”, 可以推断出来, 作者的狗竖着耳朵看着(looking at)他, 表情不寻常。walking beside“走在旁边”; looking after“照看”; listening to“听着”。3. a. uniqueb. specialc. wrongd. sharp【解析】选c。根据上文他的狗的异样行为和表情, 作者感觉到出了什么事情。something is wrong“出了什么事情”; unique“独特的”; special“特殊的”; sharp“锋利的”。4. a. elderlyb. formerc. youngd. sick【解析】选a。根据下文87-year-old noreen, 可以知道是上了年纪的(elderly)邻居。former“以前的”; young“年轻的”; sick“有病的”。5. a. foundb. rememberedc. recognizedd. knew【解析】选a。根据上下文, 作者发现(found)87岁的邻居正躺在雪地里。6. a. waterb. snowc. fieldd. wind【解析】选b。根据文章开头提到的snowy morning以及后面in the snow, 得知这里老邻居是躺在雪地里。7. a. putb. liftedc. tookd. woke【解析】选b。当作者意识到老人躺在雪地里至少一个半小时时, 立刻把她抬起来(lifted up)并带回家。put up “建起”, took up“从事、拿起、占据”; woke up“唤醒”。8. a. understoodb. checkedc. promisedd. predicted【解析】选b。根据上下文, 作者和妻子检查(checked)一下看看老人是否有冻伤。understood“理解”; promised“承诺”; predicted“预测”。9. a. blackb. whitec. blued. pink【解析】选c。根据上下文及常识, 她的手已经冻得发青(blue)了。10. a. morningb. afternoonc. eveningd. night【解析】选a。文章一开始就交代on the snowy morning of january 28, 所以这里选择morning。11. a. strugglingb. sleepingc. expectingd. surviving【解析】选a。根据上下文推断, 老人在雪地里摔倒了之后, 在雪地里挣扎(struggling), 试图站起来, 但是没有成功。其他不符合语境: sleeping“睡觉”; expecting“期待”; surviving“生存”。12. a. breakb. fallc. breathd. step【解析】选b。根据上下文推断出来, 老人是在雪地里摔倒了, 爬不起来。take a fall“摔了一跤”; t