八年级英语下册 Unit 9 Have you ever been to a museum知识点讲解及单元测试卷 （新版）人教新目标版

unit 9 have you ever been to a museum?知识点总结及单元测试卷【教材内容解析】section a1. me neither (p. 65)me neither意为“我也不”，表示前者的否定情况也适用于我，反义词为me too。-susan cant play the piano at all.-me neither.2. lets go to one tomorrow. (p. 65)one是不定代词，用来代替前面出现过的可数名词单数，如果指代名词复数，用ones。here are my books. which one do you want to read?-i dont like these dresses.-how about those ones over there.3. lets go somewhere different today. (p. 65)somewhere用作副词，表示“在某处、到某处”，常用于肯定句中，在否定句和疑问句中用anywhere。its cold here. lets go somewhere else.did you go anywhere last sunday?4. they are going to take the subway. (p. 66)take the subway意为“乘地铁”，take用作动词，可以表示“乘、坐（车、船等）”。we take the subway to work every day.5. its a great way to spend a saturday afternoon. (p. 66)(1) way表示“方法”时，后常接动词不定式或者of doing作定语。can you think out a way to open the door/of opening the door?(2) spend的用法 sb. spend+时间/金钱+on sth. “在某事上花费多长时间或者多少钱”the man spent the whole day on his speech.the family spent 10,000 dollars on their trip. sb. spend+时间+(in) doing sth. “花费多长时间做某事”the boy has spent two hours playing the computer games.【拓展】辨析spend, pay, take和costspend主语是人spend.on sth./spend.(in) doing sth.pay主语是人pay for sth./pay +金钱. for sth.take 主语是itit takes sb.+时间+to do sth.cost主语是物sth. costs sb.+金钱6. we put up a tent and cooked outside. (p. 66)put up意为“搭建”，还可以表示“举起、张贴”。they put up many buildings last year.【拓展】动词put的相关短语put on 穿上put out 扑灭put off 推迟put down 放下7. ive never been camping. (p. 66)本句时态为现在完成进行时，结构为“have/has been doing”，表示某个动作从过去某个时间开始，一直延续到现在，并且还有可能持续下去。we have been waiting for him for two hours.8. its unbelievable that technology has great progress in such a rapid way. (p. 67)progress用作名词，表示“进步、进展”，常见的搭配为“make progress in.”“在方面取得进步”。the student is showing rapid progress in his study.i have made much progress in english.9. it also encourages governments and social groups to think about ways to improve toilets in the future. (p. 67)encourage表示“鼓励”时，常用的结构为：encourage sb. to do sth.“鼓励某人做某事”。the family members encouraged her to fight against the disease bravely.10. ive finally realized why my grandpa loves drinking tea and collecting tea sets. (p. 67)collect用作动词，表示“收集、采集”。i like collecting stamps.11. me. too. (p. 68)me, too意为“我也是”，表示前面所描述的肯定情况也适用于后者“我”。-i like spring best.-me, too.section b1. for thousands of tourists from china, this small island in southeast asia is a wonderful and safe place to take a holiday. (p. 70)thousands of意为“成千上万的、数以万计的”，表示一个不具体的数字，前面不能用具体的数字修饰，后接可数名词复数形式。they plant thousands of trees every year.2. on the one hand, more than three quarters of the population are chinese.on the other hand, singapore is an english-speaking country.(p. 70)on the one hand.on the other hand.意为“一方面，另一方面”，用于引出不同的或者对立的观点和看法。on the one hand, peter wants to make more money. on the other hand, he wants to have more time to enjoy life.3. maybe you fear that you wont be able to find anything good to eat when you travel. (p. 70)fear用作动词，意为“害怕、惧怕”。she feared to tell him the truth.4. whether you like indian food, western food or japanese food, youll find it all in singapore! (p. 70)whether用作连词，表示“不管（还是）；或者（或者）”，常与or连用，引导让步状语从句。whether you like it or not, youll have to do it.5. however, if you go to see lions, tigers or foxes during the daytime, theyll probably be asleep. (p. 70)however用作副词，表示“然而、不过”，表示转折，后常接逗号。it rained suddenly. however, it became clear soon.6. one great thing about singapore is that the temperature is almost the same all year around. (p. 70)all year around表示“全年”，也可以说all the year around。some trees are green all year around.7. this is because the island is so close to the equator. (p. 70)be close to表示“靠近、接近、离近”，close此处用作形容词，表示“接近的”。the window is close to the door.my house is close to a supermarket.8. so you can choose to go whenever you like-spring, summer, autumn or winter. (p. 70)whenever用作连词，表示“在任何时候、无论何时”，在句中引导时间状语从句。you can come back whenever you want to.【重点短语和句型归纳】重点短语1.atnight在夜晚2.inamorenaturalenvironment在一个更自然的环境中3.allyearround一年到头；终年4.befarfrom离远5.inthedark在黑暗中6.inthepast在过去7.havebeentosp.去过某地8.sciencemuseum科学博物馆9.historymuseum历史博物馆10.amusementpark游乐园11.gosomewheredifferent去不同的地方12.goskating去滑冰13.takethesubway坐地铁14.agreatwaytospendasaturdayafternoon一个过周六下午的好方法15.alltheoldmoviecameras所有古老的电影摄影机16.learnaboutsth. 了解有关的情况17.ontheweekend 在周末18.campinthemountains 在大山里露营19.putupatent 搭帐篷20.insucharapidway 以如此迅猛的方式21.differentkindsof 各种各样的22.developmentoftoilets 厕所的发展23.socialgroups 社会团体24.theteaartperformances 茶艺表演25.makeaperfectcupofteawithbeautifulteasets用漂亮的茶具沏一杯完美的茶26.aniceplacetoenjoytea一个品茶的好地方27.thousandsof数以千计的28.internationalmuseumoftoilets国际厕所博物馆29.theterracottaarmy兵马俑30.southeastasia东南亚31.nightsafari夜间动物园32.threequarters四分之三33.anenglish-speakingcountry一个讲英语的国家34.haveproblemdoingsth.做某事很困难35.duringthedaytime在白天36.acoupleoftimes好几次37.rightnow现在；目前38.anamusementparkwithaspecialtheme一个有特别的主题的游乐园39.walkaroundthepark在公园里到处走40.hearof听说41.takearide兜风42.anotherprovince另一个省43.thebirdsnest鸟巢44.encouragesb.todosth.鼓励某人做某事45.ontheonehandontheotherhand一方面另一方面重点句型1. a great way to do sth 一个做某事的好方法 2.watch sb to do sth 观看某人做了某事3. its unbelievable that.很难相信. 4.encourage sb to do sth 鼓励某人做某事5. have problem (in）doing sth 做某事很费劲 6.as.as. 和.一样 7. the best time to do sth 做某事的最佳时间 8.choose to do sth 选择做某事9. tell sb to do sth 告诉某人做某事 【语法讲解】一 have/has been to 与have/has gone to(1) “have/ has been to +地点名词”表示“去过某地”，表示某人的一种经历，说话时已不在那个地方，常和once, twice, never, ever等连用。当地点为副词时，则要省掉no。-where have you been？ 你去哪儿了？-ive been to the post office. 我去邮局了。（人已不在邮局）-have you ever been to shanghai? 你曾去过上海吗？-no, ive never been there. 没有，我从来没有去过那儿。(2) “have/has gone to+地点名词”表示“去了某地”，说话时某人已离开此地，在去某地的路上、已在某地或在回来的路上，所以此句型常用于第三人称，不能与时间状语once, twice, never, ever等连用，也不能和for以及since构成的短语连用。-where is simon? 西蒙在哪儿？-he has gone to australia with his family. 他和家人一起去澳大利亚了。（人已不在这儿，在去澳大利亚的路上、已在澳大利亚或从澳大利亚返回的途中）助记 have/has been to, have/has gone to意不同，两者用法当分清。 have/has been to+地点，“曾经去过某地”行； have/has gone to+地点，“已去某地”人无踪。【拓展】“have/has been in +地点名词”表示“在某地待过（多久）”，常与表示一段时间的状语连用。例如：mr. brown has been in shanghai for three days. 布朗先生来上海已经3天了。we have been in china since 5 years ago. 我们自从5年前就来中国了。how long have you been in new york? 你在纽约多久了？二 非延续性动词与延续性动词(1) 非延续性动词也称为短暂性动词或瞬息动词，这类动词所表示的动作往往在“瞬间”就完成了，动作不能“持续”，可以用于完成时态，但在完成时态的句子中不能与表示一段时间的状语连用，如：since two days ago, for two years等。如果要表示该动作的延续，就需要将其转换为延续性动词或表示状态的词。the film started two hours ago. 电影是两个小时前开始的。（正确）the film has been on for two hours. 电影已经开始两个小时了。（正确）the film has started. 电影已经开始了。 （正确）the film has started for two hours. 电影已经开始两个小时了。（错误）常见的非延续性动词有：die, buy, borrow, lend, come, go, arrive, stop, finish, leave, open, close, begin, start, see, marry, join, hear等。(2) 延续性动词，是指动作可以延续的动词，可以跟表示持续一段时间的时间状语连用。常用的延续性动词有：keep, have, last, run, eat, drink, sing, sleep, sit, teach, live, stay等。i have kept the book for two days. 这本书我已经借了两天了。he will stay here for a week. 他要在这里待一周。(3) 非延续性动词所表示的动作不能持续，若要跟for或since等表示一段时间的状语，则该非延续性动词要用延续性动词或表示状态的词来替换。jim left his hometown last year. 吉姆去年离开了家乡。=jim has been away from his hometown for a year. 吉姆离开家乡一年了。常见的非延续性动词和对应的延续性动词或表示状态的词：非延续性动词 延续性动词/表示状态的词die be deadborrow keepbuy/catch haveget up be upcome/arrive/go be in/atfinish/stop be overleave be away (from)open be openclose be closedbegin/start be onmarry be marriedjoin be in/ be a member of(4) 非延续性动词的现在完成时的否定式可以和表示一段时间的时间状语连用，因为非延续性动词的这种否定形式构成一种状态，而这一状态是可以持续的。例如：he hasnt bought any sweets for a year. 他已经有一年没有买糖果了。 i havent seen mr. zhang for ages. 我好几年没有看到张先生了。【单元测试卷】单项选择（每小题1分，共15分）从a、b、c、d四个选项中选择可以填入空白处的最佳答案。( )21. liu jings mother is very kind and she often speaks _ a kind way.a. for b. by c. in d. of( )22. her own twelve pictures sold very well, _ to friends and family.a. usually b. mostly c. hardly d. recently( )23. i dont like this house with only two small bedrooms. lets ask for _.a. one b. another c. the other d. others( )24. susan, i went to the 31st international ice and snow festival inharbin.really? i have _ heard about it.a. already b. ever c. never d. yet( )25. i forgot to take the _ with me toportugal, so i didnt take any photos.a. camera b. alarm c. report d. record( )26. sally is interested in english. her teacher encouraged her _ it well.a. learn b. learning c. to learn d. learned( )27. linda, is that man your english teacher mr. huang?no, it cant be him. he _beijingfor training.a. has gone to b. has been to c. was in d. goes to( )28. about _ of the students in that village go on a ropeway to cross the river to school.a. two fifth b. two fifths c. second five d. second fives( )29. the car is five years old but is in almost _ condition.a. poor b. perfect c. serious d. typical( )30. as soon as the iphone 6 came out, _ people couldnt wait to buy one.a. thousand b. thousands c. thousand of d. thousands of( )31. i got there early so that i _ others ideas about the plan before the meeting began.a. introduced b. protected c. collected d. controlled( )32. when i left the hospital, the doctor said to me, “dont be worried. youll be all right in _ days.”a. a couple of b. a kind of c. a piece of d. a bit of( )33. what is the best time of day for us _ you?oh, any time is ok.a. visit b. to visit c. visiting d. visited( )34. health experts _ that lots of people would have flu this winter because the weather is unusual.a. discussed b. promised c. feared d. advised( )35.i havent been to the birds nest. what about you?_. i am planning to go there this weekend.a. me too b. me neither c. so did i d. neither did i完形填空（每小题1分，共10分）先通读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从a、b、c、d四个选项中选择可以填入空白处的最佳答案。when i was young, i liked climbing mountains with my father. when we walked together, my father and i36a lot. he always told me,“you should have goals (目标) like climbing the mountain.” 37the mountain-climbing, we didnt have enough time to be together because my father was very38. i really got a lot from mountain-climbing.once we climbed a very high mountain. it was so39for me because i was only ten years old. during the first few hours, i40the flowers, trees and the birds singing. but as time passed, i was very tired and felt a little sad. i wanted to41climbing. in fact, i hated it at that time.42my father said, “you can always see a beautiful43at the top of the mountain. when you are at the top, you can see all of the nice things, just like in life.”at that time, i was too young to44his words. but i got new hope. finally, i found45standing at the top of the mountain. i could see the whole sky, and it was as clear as crystal (水晶).( )36. a. cheated b. talked c. hid d. reported( )37. a. without b. against c. across d. through( )38. a. honest b. strict c. outgoing d. busy( )39. a. challenging b. safe c. stupid d. normal( )40. a. feared b. protected c. enjoyed d. worried( )41. a. give up b. give out c. cut up d. cut out( )42. a. and b. because c. or d. but( )43. a. island b. sky c. desert d. moon( )44. a. stand b. forget c. understand d. question( )45. a. himself b. myself c. herself d. itself情景交际（每小题1分，共5分）根据对话内容，从方框中选择恰当的选项补全对话，其中有两项多余。a: hi, tony. what are you busy with?b: hi, daming. (46)_a: sounds interesting! i am very interested in spaceships.b: do you know scientists have sent a spaceship to mars (火星)?a: no. (47)_b: yes, it has arrived there already.a: (48)_b: no, they havent yet.a: are there any astronauts in the spaceship?b: no, there arent.a: why not? (49)_b: yes, but no one has been to mars yet, because mars is much farther than the moon. (50)_a: thats interesting!a. has it arrived yet?b. have you ever been to the moon?c. astronauts have already been to the moon.d. have they discovered life on mars?e. ive just read a book about spaceships.f. how long have they stayed in the spaceship?g. but scientists are working hard in order to send astronauts to mars one day.阅读理解（每小题2分，共20分）ading-dong!“jason, can you answer the door?”“im busy, mom! ” jason shouted back. “couldnt mom see how important this was?” he thought. he already spent three hours playing a computer game. he couldnt stop now.“jason, its your friend todd,” his mother and todd came in.“jason, lets play soccer. david is already waiting for us in center square,” todd sounded excited.“no way, todd. im playing a game here.”“jason, you can play it later. lets go.”jason gave his friend a dirty look, and his character in the game almost got killed while he looked away. he began to move his fingers more quickly. “i almost died because of you!”todd looked at jasons mother. jasons mother looked back at him. they both looked at jason.jason was playing so hard that he didnt know when they left.an hour later, jasons father came home. it was dinner time after his father washed up and sat down. jason didnt hear his name being called to the table. he didnt hear his father walk up behind him and ask him to turn off the computer, either.when the screen suddenly went black and his fathers angry faceloomedin front of him, jason finally heard. “no more computer games for a month,” jasons father said to him seriously. “you dont play soccer, you dont come to dinner, and you dont do your chores. well make sure everything else gets done before you play again.”jason nodded (点头) slowly. he knew he shouldnt argue with his father. the game was fun, but he played too much and he let down (让失望) his friends, his family, and even himself.根据材料内容选择最佳答案。( )51. what did todd ask jason to do?a. to eat out.b. to play soccer.c. to visit davids house.d. to play a computer game.( )52. when todd said “lets go”, jason _.a. got angryb. got excitedc. couldnt decide what to dod. said nothing but looked at his mother( )53.the underlined word “loomed” probably means “_”.a. moved b. washedc. covered d. appeared( )54.who finally stopped jason from playing the computer game?a. his father. b. his mother.c. his friend. d. himself.( )55.which of the following istrueaccording to the passage?a. jason had dinner with his parents.b. at last, jason realized his mistake.c. jason opened the door for his mother to come in.d. jasons father asked him to do chores for a month.ballen: welcome to “easy travel”. im allen. today our guest is bob smith. he visited yunnan province in southwestern china last month. mr. smith has been in china for two years. he writes for several newspapers and magazines in beijing.bob: hello, everyone! im bob smith. im glad to join allen in “easy travel”.allen: mr. smith, could you please tell us about your trip to yunnan? what do you think of it?bob: ah its amazing, i think. i flew to yunnan and stayed there for a whole week. i visited kunming, dali and lijiang. how wonderful!allen: why did you choose yunnan? there are many other beautiful places you can visit in china.bob: because some of my friends who had visited there told me it is a fantastic place to visit.allen: i see. what impressed (给留下深刻的好印象) you most during the trip?bob: the clean sky.allen: the sky?bob: yes. its not like the sky in beijing. in beijing the sky is gray. in yunnan the sky is blue and clear. you can see thousands of bright stars at night.allen: which place do you like most?bob: the jade dragon snow mountain in lijiang left a deep impression on me because it is the highest place i have ever been to. and you can see, at the top of the mountain, the snow-covered peaks (山峰), forests .根据材料内容完成表格，每空词数不限。bob smiths trip to yunnanwhen he went there(56)_how he went thereby planehow long the trip was(57)_ dayswhere he (58)_kunming, dali and lijiangwhat impressed him most(59)_which place he likes most(60)_词汇运用（每小题1分，共10分）a)根据句意及所给汉语提示，写出句中所缺单词。61. i think flying is one of the _(安全的) ways of travel.62. the school prom