北京市昌平区2019届高三英语上学期二模试题（含解析）

北京市昌平区2019届高三英语上学期二模试题（含解析）第一部分：知识运用 (共两节，45分)第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。ai love music. when i was 16, i formed my first band called “frog”. at the beginning, we depended _1_ playing instruments in the street to earn money. then we wore false beards pretending to be famous musicians. in addition, we added humorous acts to our performances and played jokes on one another. soon, our “funny jazz” became famous and we _2_ (invite) to perform everywhere. afterwards, we made a record in a studio. about one million _3_ (copy) were sold and we became rich and popular.【答案】1. on/upon 2. were invited 3. copies【解析】这是一篇记叙文。记叙了作者从小热爱音乐，并和自己的乐队靠“滑稽爵士乐”出名的经过。【1题详解】考查固定短语。句意：起初，我们靠在街上演奏乐器赚钱。短语depend on/upon“取决于；依靠”。故填on/upon。【2题详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：不久，我们的“滑稽爵士乐”就出名了，我们被邀请到各地演出。本句主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，且根据上文our “funny jazz” became famous可知应用一般过去时，故填were invited。【3题详解】考查名词的数。句意：大约售出了一百万册，我们变得富有和受欢迎。copy为可数名词，根据上文one million可知应用复数形式，故填copies。bvoyages of people from england played _4_ important part in spreading the english language. at present, english is frequently spoken as an official or common language in many countries. _5_（base）on british english, english spoken in these countries can be understood well by native english speakers. but actually, english has been changing _6_ (gradual) in terms of accents, spellings, expressions and vocabulary usage. because of these facts, you can recognize the differences and tell from which country a foreigner comes.【答案】4. an 5. based 6. gradually【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了英国人的航海对英语的传播起了重要作用。4题详解】考查冠词。句意：英国人的航海对英语的传播起了重要作用。固定短语play an important part in“起重要作用”，故填an。【5题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：以英式英语为基础，这些国家说的英语可以被以英语为母语的人很好地理解。本句已经存在谓语动词且句中没有连词，故base只能做非谓语动词与逻辑主语构成被动关系，故填过去分词based。【6题详解】考查副词。句意：但实际上，英语在口音、拼写、表达方式和词汇用法方面都在逐渐发生变化。change为动词需要副词修饰，故填gradually。ccharlie chaplin was an extraordinary performer _7_ acted in and directed many outstanding comedies. few were bored in _8_ (watch) his moustache, his gestures or his entertaining reactions when chased by detectives. being drunk, sliding on a banana peel or whispering his own failures to nobody, he made _9_ (we) feel more satisfied with our life without even having to use one word. his unique sense of humor _10_ (astonish) people across the world even till this day.【答案】7. who/that 8. watching 9. us 10. has astonished【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一位杰出的演员查理卓别林，他独特的幽默感直到今天仍然让世界各地的人们感到惊讶。【7题详解】考查定语从句连接词。句意：查理卓别林是一位杰出的演员，他出演并导演了许多杰出的喜剧。本句为定语从句修饰先行词performer，且先行词在从句中做主语，指人，故填who/that。【8题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：很少有人对他的胡子、他的手势或他被侦探追捕时的有趣反应感到厌烦。in为介词后跟动名词做宾语，故填watching。【9题详解】考查人称代词。句意：他喝醉了，踩在香蕉皮上滑倒了，或者对着别人窃窃私语自己的失败，这些都让我们对自己的生活感到更加满意，甚至不需要用一个词。本空做谓语动词make的宾语，故填人称代词宾格us。【10题详解】考查动词时态。句意：直到今天，他独特的幽默感仍然让世界各地的人们感到惊讶。根据下文even till this day“直到今天”，可知应用现在完成时，且主语为单数名词，故填has astonished。【点睛】定语从句中的关系词选择，可考虑以下几点：1、看清楚先行词的意义，就是理清先行词是指人、指物、时间、地点、原因。指物时不能用who或whom，指人时通常不用which等等。2、看清楚关系词的句法功能，就是理清关系词是担任什么句子成分，是作主语还是宾语、是作定语还是状语等等。作定语通常用whose，有时也用which。作状语要用when, where, why。3、看清楚定语从句的种类，就是理清是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句。that、why通常不引导非限制性定语从句。 4、看清楚文体，就是理清是正式文体，还是非正式文体。是书面语体还是口语体。如第一小题，句意：查理卓别林是一位杰出的演员，他出演并导演了许多杰出的喜剧。本句为定语从句修饰先行词performer，且先行词在从句中做主语，指人，故填who/that。第二节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的a、b、c、d四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。my family lives in las vegas, where i can hardly remember the last time it snowed. we also didnt get the _11_ of the men who helped us during the last snowstorm.we had been _12_ through albuquerque, new mexico from texas after a week of visiting family and friends after 15 years of not seeing them. suddenly, we _13_ it was snowing, and soon, as we got closer to albuquerque, _14_ snow piles littered the sides of the road.we had a quick _15_ at clines corners rest area, and got back on the road again. slowly, we drove onto the snow-filled highway. at first, it had seemed like we would _16_ it, and we almost did. right at the edge of the highway, we got stuck in the snow. my sister and i got out to try and push the car, but that didnt work. in the words of my sister, this is how horror movies _17_.thank goodness it wasnt so _18_ that there were cars on the road. at first, we used our bare hands to try and _19_ a car to help us. the driver looked at us and unfortunately continued driving, but i understood. it seemed he was also on a _20_ with his family. then, we saw another car and grabbed our phones and _21_ them with the flashlights on.a man in a truck about the same height as i am _22_ in his early 30s, stopped to help us. despite him not having any_23_, he still tried to help us push our car back onto the road.after several attempts, another truck saw us. it passed us, but someone in it _24_ the driver to back up and help. two white men, taller than i, probably also in their 30s, got _25_and grabbed their shovel（铁锹）. they knew exactly what to do, shoveling the snow, and revealing a pathway of pavement for our tires to drive on. they even instructed my dad to slowly speed up. with their help, our car _26_ made it back on the road.im really _27_ to you three who helped my family. _28_ we didnt get your names, i hope that somehow this piece of writing _29_ you, and you understand that you saved my family and two dogs, from a potentially life-threatening _30_.11. a. jobsb. hobbiesc. namesd. addresses12. a. drivingb. walkingc. flyingd. running13. a. believedb. noticedc. mentionedd. felt14. a. differentb. tidyc. shinyd. huge15. a. moveb. lookc. tryd. stop16. a. catchb. makec. avoidd. challenge17. a. startb. continuec. stayd. spread18. a. fastb. slowc. lated. early19. a. powerb. signalc. bookd. view20. a. campaignb. trialc. missiond. trip21. a. calledb. droppedc. wavedd. tested22. a. perhapsb. mostlyc. otherwised. therefore23. a. toolsb. sensec. foodd. beliefs24. a. inspiredb. allowedc. persuadedd. encouraged25. a. inb. onc. upd. out26. a. nearlyb. reallyc. finallyd. totally27. a. joyfulb. unselfishc. friendlyd. grateful28. a. unlessb. althoughc. sinced. if29. a. reachesb. entertainsc. informsd. changes30. a. mistakeb. situationc. warningd. stage【答案】11. c 12. a 13. b 14. d 15. d 16. b 17. a 18. c 19. b 20. d 21. c 22. a 23. a 24. c 25. d 26. c 27. d 28. b 29. a 30. b【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述的是作者一家去访友的途中遇到了暴风雪，结果车辆被困雪中，在好心人的帮助下，作者一家终于摆脱困境，成功脱险，作者对善良的陌生人非常感激。【11题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们也不知道在上次暴风雪中帮助我们的人的名字。a. jobs工作；b. hobbies爱好；c. names名字；d. addresses地址。根据前文my family lives in las vegas, where i can hardly remember the last time it snowed可知，作者也不记得上次暴风雪中帮助自己的人的名字，故答案为c。【12题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们从德克萨斯州开车穿过新墨西哥州的阿尔伯克基，之前我们拜访了家人和朋友，在过去的15年里，我们没有见过他们。a. driving驾驶；b. walking走路；c. flying飞行；d. running奔跑。根据下文slowly, we drove onto the snow-filled highway可知，作者一直在开着车，故答案为a。【13题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：突然，我们注意到正在下雪，很快，当我们接近阿尔伯克基时，巨大的雪堆散落在路边。a. believed相信；b. noticed注意到；c. mentioned提到；d. felt感觉。根据下文it was snowing可知，突然注意到要下雪了，故答案为b。【14题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：突然，我们注意到正在下雪，很快，当我们接近阿尔伯克基时，巨大的雪堆散落在路边。a. different不同的；b. tidy整洁的；c. shiny光滑的；d. huge巨大的。根据下文snow piles littered the sides of the road可知，巨大的雪堆堆积在路边，故答案为d。【15题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们在克林斯角休息区停了一会儿，又回到了路上。a. move移动；b. look看；c. try尝试；d. stop停止。根据下文at clines corners rest area，and got back on the road again可知，我们在克林斯角休息区停了一会儿，然后又回到路上，故答案为d。【16题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：起初，我们似乎能做到，而且几乎做到了。a. catch抓住；b. make制造；c. avoid避免；d. challenge挑战。根据下文it, and we almost did可知，他们似乎快要成功地穿过雪区了，短语make it“成功；做到”，故答案为b。【17题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：用我姐姐的话来说，“恐怖片就是这样开始的。”a. start开始；b. continue继续；c. stay停留；d. spread传播。根据常识及前文this is how horror movies可知，这就像是恐怖电影的开始，故答案为a【18题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：天还不算晚，路上还有汽车。a. fast快的；b. slow慢的；c. late迟到的；d. early早。根据thank goodness it wasnt so可知，幸运的是，时间还不是太晚，故答案为c。【19题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：起初，我们赤手空拳试图示意一辆汽车来帮助我们。a. power力量；b. signal信号；c. book书；d. view意见。根据下文a car to help us. the driver looked at us and unfortunately continued driving可知，作者发出信号示意车辆停下帮忙，故答案为b。【20题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他似乎也在和家人一起旅行。a. campaign竞选；b. trial试验；c. mission任务；d. trip旅程。根据下文with his family可知，似乎他们也是和家人在旅行，故答案为d。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，我们看到另一辆车，抓起我们的手机，开着手电筒向他们挥手。a. called称呼；b. dropped下降；c. waved挥动；d. tested测试。根据下文them with the flashlights on可知，车辆打着双闪向他挥手，故答案为c。【22题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：一名男子开着一辆和我差不多高的卡车，大概30岁出头，停下来帮助我们。a. perhaps也许；b. mostly主要地；c. otherwise否则；d. therefore因此。根据下文 in his early 30s, stopped to help us可知，那个男的大约三十岁出头，故答案为a。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管他没有任何工具，他仍然试图帮助我们把车推回到路上。a. tools工具；b. sense感觉；c. food食物；d. beliefs信念。根据下文he still tried to help us push our car back onto the road可知，尽管没有任何的工具，他还是努力帮助作者把车推出来，故答案为a。24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：车从我们身边开过去，但车里有人劝司机倒车帮助。a. inspired鼓舞；b. allowed允许；c. persuaded说服；d. encouraged鼓励。根据下文the driver to back up and help可知，车内的人说服司机退回来帮忙。故选c。【25题详解】考查介词搭配。句意：两个比我高的白人男子，大概也有30多岁，从车里出来，抓起铁锹。a. in在里面；b. on在上面；c. up向上；d. out出去。根据下文and grabbed their shovel（铁锹）可知，他们从车内出来，故答案为d。【26题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：在他们的帮助下，我们的汽车终于回到了路上。a. nearly几乎；b. really真地；c. finally终于；d. totally完全地。根据下文made it back on the road可知，最后，在他们的帮助下，作者的车终于又回到了路上，故答案为c。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我真的很感谢你们三个帮助了我的家庭。a. joyful欢喜的；b. unselfish无私的；c. friendly友好的；d. grateful感激的。根据常识及下文to you three who helped my family可知，作者对那三位好心人非常感激，故答案为d。【28题详解】考查连接词辨析。句意：虽然我们没有得到你的名字，但我希望你能读到这篇文章，你知道你救了我的家人和两条狗，使它们脱离了潜在的生命危险。a. unless除非；b. although尽管；虽然；c. since自从；因为；d. if如果。根据下文we didnt get your names， i hope that somehow this piece of writing可知，尽管作者不知道他们的名字，但是希望这篇文章能让他们知道，故答案为b。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然我们没有得到你的名字，但我希望你能读到这篇文章，你知道你救了我的家人和两条狗，使它们脱离了潜在的生命危险。a. reaches伸出；到达；b. entertains招待；c. informs通知；d. changes改变。根据 i hope that somehow this piece of writing可知，但是希望这篇文章能到达他们那里让他们知道，故答案为a。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然我们没有得到你的名字，但我希望你能读到这篇文章，你知道你救了我的家人和两条狗，使它们脱离了潜在的生命危险。a. mistake错误；b. situation情况；c. warning警告；d. stage舞台。根据前文and you understand that you saved my family and two dogs, from a potentially life-threatening可知，让他知道从一个潜在的威胁生命的情况中救了作者的家人和两条狗，故答案为b。第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的a、b、c、d四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ai work as the reception manager at my hotel.a booking came in a few weeks ago with a note attached that a guest would be travelling with her deaf father. this note helped us in preparing for their arrival. as they would be here for a number of days his daughter wanted to make his trip to ireland as smooth as possible.upon seeing this note and knowing i would be the one to check them in, i decided to learn some very basic sign language. i greeted the guest in my usual fashion, asking for the surname on the booking. once i heard the name，i immediately realized who was standing in front of me.i had been learning for two weeks how to say: “welcome to ireland. my sign language is terrible, but please, if you need anything during your stay, just let me know and we will help you.”i smiled at the father and daughter in front of me. turning to the father, i greeted him in asl (american sign language) and began the bit i had learned for him. his daughter broke down crying and told me i was sweet. but the father just smiled and was so happy. honestly, seeing his reaction was enough for me. it was absolutely worth the last few weeks of learning basic asl.sadly, i wasnt working the day they checked out, but they left a gift for me, a small box with some chocolates and a book on asl. inside was a note saying: “thank you very much for what you did. my father has been in amazing spirits from the time you checked us in and insisted we get you a gift before we left. you have no idea how much this meant to my father and me, and we cant thank you enough. youve made his trip very special with one simple gesture.”i cried for a solid five minutes when i came into work the next day and found this gift in my locker.31. the daughter left a note when booking the hotel in order to _.a. ask for special service for herselfb. give some useful advice to the hotelc. express gratitude to the hotel managerd. make her fathers trip more comfortable32. the daughter cried when they checked in because _.a. the authors sign language was really terribleb. her father was unwilling to live in that hotelc. she appreciated what the author had done for her fatherd. the author wouldnt be working when they checked out33. seeing the fathers reaction during check-in, the author probably felt _.a. thankfulb. satisfiedc. disappointedd. regretful34. from this passage, we can know that _.a. the author made the daughters check-out smoothb. the author was deeply moved by an unexpected giftc. the daughter cried for five minutes before they leftd. the daughter asked the author to learn sign language【答案】31. d 32. c 33. b 34. b【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。本文作者回忆了接待一对父女来爱尔兰旅游，帮助他们登记的故事，因为那位父亲是个聋哑人，执着专门学了手势语欢迎来爱尔兰，结果那位父亲对于作者的接待很满意，走得时候还送给作者礼物，并给经理写信，希望给作者加薪。【31题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句as they would be here for a number of days, his daughter wanted to make his trip to ireland as smooth as possible.（由于他们要在这里呆几天，他的女儿想让他的爱尔兰之行尽可能顺利。）可知，女儿在预订旅馆时留下了一张便条，以便让父亲的旅行更舒适。故选d。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段his daughter broke down crying and told me i was sweet. but the father just smiled and was so happy.可知当他们登记入住时，女儿哭了，女儿情绪失控的原因是作者的细心体贴感动了她，这让她的爸爸很开心。故选c。【33题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段honestly, seeing his reaction was enough for me. it was absolutely worth the last few weeks of learning basic asl.（老实说，看到他反应就足够了。最后几周的asl基础学习绝对值得。）可知，看到这位爸爸很开心，作者感到了他的付出是很值得的；因此看到父亲在入住时的反应，作者可能感到很满足。故选b。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段i cried for a solid five minutes when i came into work the next day and found this gift in my locker.（第二天上班时，我在储物柜里发现了这件礼物，哭了整整五分钟。）可知，作者受到这份特殊的礼物后很感动；故选b。【点睛】细节理解题大多是根据文章中的具体信息如事实、例证、原因、过程、论述等进行提问的。抓住文段中的事实和细节是做好该题型的关键，也是做好其它类型问题的基础。该题型几乎都可以在文章中直接找到与答案有关的信息，或是其变体。在一篇短文里大部分篇幅都属于这类围绕主体展开的细节。做这类题一般采用寻读法，即先读题，然后带着问题快速阅读短文，找出与问题和选项有关的词语或句子，再对相关部分进行分析对比，找出答案。正确选项虽然一般不是原文照搬，但是一般是原文的改写，意思不变。如换一个同义词，把否定改为肯定，把肯定改为否定等。如第二小题，根据第五段his daughter broke down crying and told me i was sweet. but the father just smiled and was so happy.可知当他们登记入住时，女儿哭了，女儿情绪失控的原因是作者的细心体贴感动了她，这让她的爸爸很开心。故选c。bspecial offers for universal orlando resortvacation package: stay more save morewake up where the action is and save up to $150 when you stay four nights or longer. with hotel accommodations and admission to all three theme parks included, the longer you stay, the more you saveand get to play.when to purchase: now-june 14, 2019when to go: nowjuly 12, 2019, november 28december 30, 2019ticket offer: get 2 days free when you buy 2 daysenjoy an awesome time with four days for the price of two. explore universal studios florida and universals islands of adventure with a 2-park ticket. or, add the thrills and relaxation of universals volcano bay with a 3-park ticket. the 3-park offer applies to park-to-park tickets only.the fun is extended! use by august 5, 2019price: $214.99 per adultticket offer: halloween horror nights limited time ticket offerget a 2nd night free when you buy one night.experience the worlds premier halloween event twice with this limited time ticket offer. buy now and come to any two sundayfriday event nights if you dare.online offer only.price: $300 per nightwhen to purchase: nowoctober 15, 2019when to go: november 6december 1, 2019ticket savings: fit more rides into one epic daymake the most of your day at universal studios florida and universals islands of adventure. skip the regular lines an unlimited number of times at most of your favorite rides and attractions, so you can fit way more fun into your day.price: $249.99 per adultclick here for more information.35. you can save more money on your hotel stay on _.a. december 30b. august 5c. november 6d. october 1536. if you want to avoid queuing, you should pay _.a. $150b. $214.99c. $249.99d. $30037. this article is most probably found _.a. in a magazineb. on the internetc. in a brochured. on a tv commercial【答案】35. a 36. c 37. b【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要讲述了奥兰多度假村为游客提供的一些特殊的服务，以及对活动内容购票信息等进行了介绍。【35题详解】细节理解题。根据文章内容，november 28-december 30， 2019ticket offer： get 2 days free when you buy 2 days可知如果买了2天的票则可以得到2天的免费，即你可以在12月30日的住宿上节省更多的钱。故选a。【36题详解】细节理解题。根据文章内容，skip the regular lines an unlimited number of times at most of your favorite rides and attractions， so you can fit way more fun into your dayprice： 249.99 per adult在您最喜欢的游乐设施和景点，您可以无限次地跳过常规线路，这样您就可以在一天中享受更多的乐趣。价格：每位成人249.99美元。可知，如果你想避免排队，你应该付249.99美元。故选c。【37题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一句话：click here for more information请点击此处以获得更多信息，由此可知，该文章应该出现在网络上，结合选项，故选b。cthere are 5.25 trillion pieces of plastic trash in the worlds oceans, and each year, 8 million tons of plastic are added to the figure. though the oceans seem vast enough to stomach a lot of plastic, the level of waste is starting to reach a crisis point: according to a new report by the ocean conservancy, by 2025, the ocean could contain one ton of plastic for every three tons of fish.all these floating bits of plastic not only disrupt marine ecosystems, but also poison the global supply of seafood. “its reaching crisis proportions,” says andreas merkl, ceo of the ocean conservancy. “plastic breaks down into small pieces that look like plankton (浮游生物) and is eaten by everything from plankton to whales.”the new report calls for a focus on improving waste management systems in a handful of developing countries that account for the plastic leakage into the ocean. china, indonesia, the philippines, thailand and vietnam contribute more than half of the oceans plastic since their waste facilities havent kept up with rapid industrialization.how can countries reduce