北京市海淀区2019届高三英语二模试题（含解析）

北京市海淀区2019届高三英语二模试题（含解析）第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）第一节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分, 共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。ato me, the most beautiful thing is the ocean. it is beautiful because it has a calming effect. when _1_ (listen) to the sound of the waves, i feel peaceful. _2_ the age of 10, i went to the beach for the first time. with my feet in the water, i felt totally relaxed, and the sound of the ocean really _3_ (comfort) me. from then on, i often dream of floating in the ocean, feeling carefree.【答案】1. listening 2. at 3. comforted【解析】这是一篇记叙文。记叙了作者喜欢海洋，以及第一次去海边的感受。【1题详解】考查省略句。句意：听着海浪的声音，我感到很平静。在when, while, if, as if, though(或although), as, until, once, whether, unless, where等连词连接的状语从句中，常省略跟主句相同的主语和be动词。本句完整应为when（i was）listening to the sound of the waves。故填listening。【2题详解】考查固定短语。句意：10岁的时候，我第一次去了海滩。固定短语at the age of“在岁的时候”，故填at。【3题详解】考查动词时态。句意: 我的脚在水里，我感到完全放松，和海洋的声音真的安慰我。根据上文i felt totally relaxed可知应用一般过去时，故填comforted“安慰”。bdiscovering yourself plays _4_ important role in inspiring your confidence. by doing so, you could know _5_ you are weak in. and you may also realize youre quite a great person with great strengths. so when youre in a hard situation, you will believe in _6_ (you) and spend the most difficult time with confidence. otherwise you may give up and then lose everything. therefore, the ability _7_ (trust) yourself will decide your future a lot.【答案】4. an 5. what 6. yourself 7. to trust【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。说明了发现自己对激发自信起着重要的作用。【4题详解】考查固定短语。句意：发现自己对激发自信起着重要的作用。固定短语play an important role in“起重要作用”，故填an。【5题详解】考查连接词。句意：通过这样做，你可以知道你的弱点在哪里。本句为宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，指事物，故填what。【6题详解】考查反身代词。句意：所以当你身处困境时，你会相信自己，充满信心地度过最困难的时刻。短语believe in oneself“相信某人自己”，根据上文you will可知填yourself。【7题详解】考查固定短语。句意：因此，相信自己的能力将在很大程度上决定你的未来。短语the ability to“有的能力”，故填to trust。【点睛】名词性从句关键在于三点：一、找准从句在主句中充当的成分即分出是名词性从句的主语句、宾语从句、表语从句还是同位语从句。二、连接词从句中充当的成分（主、宾、定或状语或不做任何成分）三、弄清楚每个连接词的意义。此外还要注意，近年来高考对于名词性从句的考查多从名词性从句的语序和连接词的用法区别上考查。如第二小题，句意：通过这样做，你可以知道你的弱点在哪里。本句为宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，指事物，故填what。cthe year 2018 marks the 40th anniversary of chinas reform and opening-up. the past four decades has seen china shift its society from a farmers community to a digital culture _8_ (successful). under the leadership of cpc, many _9_ (achievement) can be seen in every field. the life of the chinese people has improved, with millions of people being lifted out of poverty. the country now has the worlds _10_ (large) high-speed rail network. and with around 800 million internet users, china has become the worlds fastest-growing online shopping market.【答案】8. successfully 9. achievements 10. largest【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了中国在过去四十年中各个领域所取得的成就。【8题详解】考查副词。句意：在过去的四十年里，中国成功地从一个农民社区转型为数字文化社会。shift为动词需要副词修饰，故填successfully。【9题详解】考查名词的数。句意：在中国共产党的领导下，各个领域都取得了许多成就。achievement为可数名词，由many修饰故填复数形式achievements。【10题详解】考查形容词最高级。句意：中国现在拥有世界上最大的高速铁路网。根据上文the worlds可知应用形容词最高级，故填largest。第二节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的a、b、c、d四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。i was studying chemistry at college because my family thought it was the key to success. one day, my professor took me aside and asked a very simple question, “why are you in my class when its obvious that you have little or no _11_ in chemistry?”i came up with an explanation by _12_ pressure from my dad but he knew it was just a /an _13_ excuse. he gave me the following advice.“success can only be measured by oneself, and each of us is _14_. your success will not be the same as mine, as your neighbors or your parents. there is no secret formula(公式), no examination you have to _15_, and no guarantee, but there is a secret ingredient_16_. to be successful in life in the broadest sense, you must pursue your passion. _17_ it is fixing cars or exploring the world, you must be passionate about your _18_ and set a path to achieve it. only then will you find true _19_.”since i was just nineteen years old, that was pretty profound advice to _20_, but i knew instinctively (本能地) that he was _21_. i made a conscious self-examination of my short life to _22_ where my passion was hiding. it was so _23_ that even my kid sister could have told me my true passion was music. it was in my genes. i could play the piano by ear, but had _24_ considered music as a hobby.could i be a successful musician? or a songwriter? or a music critic? there was only one way to find out, so i took my professors _25_ and switched to the universitys music school. i studied harmony and composition, learned how to play a clarinet(单簧管) and _26_ the symphony orchestra. i felt as though i was on top of the world, and that _27_ has never left me.im now fifty-four years old, and a very happy and _28_ man. as i look at the walls of my small office, i still get a thrill at seeing the records i _29_, the photos of the famous musicians i was lucky enough to play with, and the praises from many of the finest instrumentalists in the world who i am honored to call my friends.life was a long journey, and not a/an _30_ one, but i followed my passion and succeeded.11. a. achievementb. doubtc. interestd. belief12. a. blamingb. gatheringc. overcomingd. reducing13. a. accurateb. weakc. directd. innocent14. a. differentb. perfectc. honestd. creative15. a. designb. passc. controld. stand16. a. knowledgeb. confidencec. passiond. effort17. a. unlessb. becausec. whiled. whether18. a. studyb. needc. goald. gift19. a. fortuneb. friendshipc. characterd. happiness20. a. confirmb. absorbc. rememberd. seek21 a. sensitiveb. generousc. kindd. right22. a. chooseb. reportc. discoverd. follow23 a. likelyb. obviousc. populard. practical24. a. onlyb. evenc. neverd. seldom25. a. messageb. lecturec. adviced. view26. a. helpedb. startedc. hostedd. joined27. a. feelingb. experiencec. expressiond. appreciation28. a. independentb. patientc. braved. contented29. a. boughtb. madec. receivedd. copied30. a. easyb. goodc. ordinaryd. safe【答案】11. c 12. a 13. b 14. a 15. b 16. c 17. d 18. c 19. d 20. b 21. d 22. c 23. b 24. a 25. c 26. d 27. a 28. d 29. b 30. a【解析】这是一篇记叙文。作者大学时迫于家庭压力选择了化学课，教授看出作者对化学并没有兴趣，并给作者了一条建议那就是寻找自己的激情所在。作者对自我进行了反省，最后发现自己真正热爱的是音乐，并转到了音乐学院。并最终获得了成功，感悟到生活是一个漫长的旅程，并不容易，但作者追随激情，并取得了成功。【11题详解】本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：很明显，你对化学几乎没有兴趣，或者根本不感兴趣，为什么还来我的课?a. achievement成就；b. doubt怀疑；c. interest兴趣；d. belief信仰。根据上文i was studying chemistry at college because my family thought it was the key to success.可知，作者是因为家人的原因才去上化学课的，因此对化学课本身并没有兴趣。故选c。【12题详解】本题考查语境判断之逻辑关系。句意：我把原因归咎于来自父亲的压力，但他知道这只是一个软弱的借口。a. blaming责备；归咎于；b. gathering聚集；c. overcoming克服；d. reducing减少。根据下文pressure from my dad可知，作者把原因归咎于来自父亲的压力。故选a。【13题详解】本题考查语境判断之感情色彩形容词。句意：我把原因归咎于来自父亲的压力，但他知道这只是一个软弱的借口。a. accurate精确的；b. weak软弱的；c. direct直接的；d. innocent无辜的。根据下文excuse可知，教授知道这只是个软弱的借口。故选b。【14题详解】本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：成功只能用自己来衡量，我们每个人都是不同的。a. different不同的；b. perfect完美的；c. honest诚实的；d. creative有创造力的。根据下文your success will not be the same as mine, as your neighbors or your parents可知，每个人都是不同的。故选a。【15题详解】本题考查语境判断之逻辑关系。句意：没有秘密配方，没有你必须通过的考试，也没有保证，但是有一个秘密成分激情。a. design设计；b. pass通过；c. control控制；d. stand站立。根据上文no examination you have to可知，没有你必须通过的考试，故选b。【16题详解】本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：没有秘密配方，没有你必须通过的考试，也没有保证，但是有一个秘密成分激情。a. knowledge知识；b. confidence自信；c. passion激情；d. effort努力。根据下文you must pursue your passion可知秘密成分是激情。故选c。【17题详解】本题考查语境判断之逻辑关系。句意：无论是修理汽车还是探索世界，你都必须对你的目标充满激情，并为实现它设定一条道路。a. unless除非；b. because因为；c. while当时候；d. whether是否。根据下文it is fixing cars or exploring the world可知，无论是修理汽车还是探索世界，短语whether.or.意为“是还是”，故选d。【18题详解】本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：无论是修理汽车还是探索世界，你都必须对你的目标充满激情，并为实现它设定一条道路。a. study学习；b. need需要；c. goal目标；d. gift礼物。根据下文set a path to achieve it可知，是对目标充满激情。故选c。【19题详解】本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：只有这样你才能找到真正的幸福。a. fortune财富；b. friendship友谊；c. character性格；d. happiness幸福。根据上文only then will you find true可知，只有这样你才能找到真正的幸福。故选d。【20题详解】本题考查词义判断之词义辨析。句意：由于我只有19岁，这是一个需要去理解的相当深刻的建议，但我本能地知道，他是对的。a. confirm确认；b. absorb吸收；理解；c. remember记住；d. seek寻找。根据上文pretty profound advice to可知，这是一个需要去理解的相当深刻的建议。故选b。【21题详解】本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：由于我只有19岁，这是一个需要去理解的相当深刻的建议，但我本能地知道，他是对的。a. sensitive敏感的；b. generous大方的；c. kind亲切的；d. right正确的。根据上文but i knew instinctively that he可知，我本能地知道，他是对的。故选d。【22题详解】本题考查语境判断之逻辑关系。句意：我对自己短暂的一生进行了有意识的自我反省，发现我的激情藏在哪里。a. choose选择；b. report报道；c. discover发现；d. follow跟随。根据下文where my passion was hiding可知，作者去发现激情藏在哪里。故选c。【23题详解】本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：很明显，就连我的小妹妹都能告诉我，我真正热爱的是音乐。a. likely可能的；b. obvious明显的；c. popular流行的；d. practical现实的。根据下文even my kid sister could have told me my true passion was music可知，很明显，就连我的小妹妹都能告诉我，我真正热爱的是音乐。故选b。【24题详解】本题考查语境判断之逻辑关系。句意：我可以凭听觉弹钢琴，但我只把音乐当作一种爱好。a. only只；仅仅；b. even甚至；c. never从不；d. seldom几乎不。根据下文considered music as a hobby可知，作者只把音乐当作一种爱好。故选a。【25题详解】本题考查词义判断之词义辨析。句意：只有一个办法可以找到答案，所以我听从了教授的建议，转到了大学的音乐学院。a. message消息；b. lecture演讲；c. advice建议；d. view意见。根据上文took my professors可知，听从了教授的建议，故选c。【26题详解】本题考查语境判断之逻辑关系。句意：我学习了和声和作曲，学会了单簧管的演奏，还加入了交响乐团。a. helped帮助；b. started开始；c. hosted主持；d. joined加入。根据下文the symphony orchestra可知是加入了交响乐团。故选d。【27题详解】本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：我觉得自己好像站在世界之巅，这种感觉从未离开过我。a. feeling感觉；b. experience经历；c. expression表达；d. appreciation欣赏。根据上文i felt as though i was on top of the world可知，这是一种感觉。故选a。【28题详解】本题考查语境判断之感情色彩形容词。句意：我现在54岁了，是一个非常快乐和满足的人。a. independent独立的；b. patient耐心的；c. brave勇敢的；d. contented满足的。根据上文a very happy and可知，作者快乐和满足。故选d。【29题详解】本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：当我看着我的小办公室的墙壁时，我仍然对我创造的记录感到兴奋。a. bought购买；b. made制造；c. received收到；d. copied复制。根据上文the records可知，是创造的记录。故选b。【30题详解】本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：生活是一个漫长的旅程，并不容易，但我追随我的激情，并取得了成功。a. easy容易的；b. good好的；c. ordinary普通的；d. safe安全的。根据上文life was a long journey, and not an可知，生活是一个漫长的旅程，并不容易。故选a。第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的a、b、c、d四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。aeveryone at pacsafe is always eager to get out in the world and enjoy new cultures, food, and experiences. with that in mind we asked a few of our top travel bugs for their best travel destination recommendations for 2019. they also included their favorite pacsafe bag to take on the trip. enjoy and hopefully get some ideas for your own globe-trotting adventure.sri lanka-alison hanko, global marketing directorim going to sri lanka this summer holiday and cant wait. its close to hong kong where i live and ive always wanted to go. the food is supposed to be amazing. it seems really relaxing and i really want to do the kandy to badulla train ride, which looks just stunning. weve booked a good mix of beaches, some time in a safari tent to hopefully see elephants in the wild.for my bag, ill most likely take the quiksilver 40l pack because it has the built-in wet pack for my bikinis. its also a great size for a week-long trip in a warm climate.japan-ben barras, creative directorjapan is definitely my best travel destination recommendation. the culture, the streets, the architecture, the inspiration you get from all of that is amazing. the food is also fascinating. its where im most planning to go. tokyo obviously, but also visiting the mountains. you can go snowboarding, which i havent done for years.i have a vibe 25l backpack which you can pack a lot in. the thing i like most about it is that its compact, but still fits plenty in. ill pair that up with a larger travel bag for the rest of my things and use the backpack to get around day to day.berlin-phil hayes, executive vp of global designfor me, its definitely berlin. im particularly excited about the fashion, which i hear is pretty full on. also the art galleries and history. food, nightlife. everything ive heard about berlin is pretty cool, so im going to suck as much as i can out of it. worlds global style network had the berlin shopping list that came out recently, so im going to follow that through as well.bag wise, it will be the quiksilver x collab bag. its the 25l anti-theft backpack. its normally my go-to bag for city trips because its super easy to lock on the plane and in bars, and its just the right amount of space.31. which of the pacsafe bag is a good choice for beach travel?a. the quiksilver 40l pack.b. the vibe 25l backpack.c. the quiksilver x collab bag.d. 25l anti-theft backpack.32. if you are interested in fashion, which destination should you choose?a. sri lanka.b. japan.c. hong kong.d. berlin.33. what can you enjoy in all the three places mentioned?a. beautiful beaches.b. amazing food.c. fascinating art.d. cool snowboarding.34. the main purpose of the passage is to _.a. share personal travelling experiencesb. offer practical tips on taking adventurec. present cultures in different countriesd. recommend favorable travel destinations【答案】31. a 32. d 33. b 34. d【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要推荐了三个好的旅游目的地的情况。【31题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段for my bag, ill most likely take the quiksilver 40l pack because it has the built-in wet pack for my bikinis.（我的包，我很可能采取quiksilver 40l包，因为它有为我的比基尼设计的内置湿包。）可知the quiksilver 40l pack是沙滩旅游的好选择。故选a。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段for me, its definitely berlin. im particularly excited about the fashion, which i hear is pretty full on.（对我来说，这绝对是柏林。我对时装特别感兴趣，我听说它很流行。）可知如果你对时尚感兴趣，你应该选择柏林作为目的地。故选d。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中the food is supposed to be amazing.（食物应该很好吃。）、第四段中the food is also fascinating.（食物也很吸引人。）以及第六段中im particularly excited about the fashion, which i hear is pretty full on. also the art galleries and history. food, nightlife.（我对时装特别感兴趣，我听说它很流行。还有美术馆和历史。食物,夜生活。）可知三个地方都可以享受到美食。故选b。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段with that in mind we asked a few of our top travel bugs for their best travel destination recommendations for 2019.（考虑到这一点，我们询问了一些最热门的旅行目的地，为2019年的最佳旅游目的地做出了建议。）以及文章主要介绍了三个旅游目的地，可知这篇文章的主要目的是推荐好的旅游目的地。故选d。【点睛】文章主题和中心思想的阐述往往需要大量细节信息的支持，这些细节对于理解全文内容至关重要，同时也是归纳和概括文章中心思想的基础。命题人往往会要求考生根据不同的要求阅读文章，以获得某些特定的信息，或准确地寻求所需的细节，并对细节进行直接或间接辨认和理解。有一种文章细节理解题是一一对应型。答案与题目在表达形式和意义上直接吻合，一一对应，一目了然。属于浅层次的阅读试题，分数比例较少。解答此类试题时，不必通篇细看原文，而应采取“带着问题找答案”的方法，先从问题中抓住关键性词语（题眼），然后以此为线索，运用略读及查读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与此问题相关的：段落、语句，仔细品味，对照比较，确定答案。如第三小题，根据第二段中the food is supposed to be amazing.（食物应该很好吃。）、第四段中the food is also fascinating.（食物也很吸引人。）以及第六段中im particularly excited about the fashion, which i hear is pretty full on. also the art galleries and history. food, nightlife.（我对时装特别感兴趣，我听说它很流行。还有美术馆和历史。食物,夜生活。）可知三个地方都可以享受到美食。故选b。bon march 25, 2010, kate and david heard the words every parent dreads: their newborn wasnt going to make it. their twinsa girl and a boywere born two minutes apart and 14 weeks premature, weighing just over two pounds each. doctors had tried to save the boy for 20 minutes but saw no improvement. his heartbeat was nearly gone, and hed stopped breathing. the baby had just moments to live.“i saw him gasp (喘息), but the doctor said it was no use,” kate told the daily mail five years later. “i know it sounds stupid, but if he was still gasping, that was a sign of life. i wasnt going to give up easily.”still, the couple knew this was likely a goodbye. in an effort to cherish her last minutes with the tiny boy, kate asked to hold him.“i wanted to meet him, and for him to know us,” kate told today. “wed resigned ourselves to the fact that we were going to lose him, and we were just trying to make the most of those last, precious moments.”kate unwrapped the boy, whom the couple had already named jamie, from his hospital blanket and asked david to take his shirt off and join them in bed. the first-time parents wanted their son to be as warm as possible and hoped the skin-to-skin contact would improve his condition. they also talked to him.“we were trying to persuade him to stay,” kate told the daily mail. “we explained his name and that he had a twin that he had to look out for and how hard we had tried to have him.”then something miraculous happened. jamie gasped againand then he started breathing. finally, he reached for his fathers finger.the couples lost boy had made it.“were the luckiest people in the world,” david told today.eight years later, jamie and his sister, emily, are happy and healthy. the couple only recently told the kids the story of their birth. “emily burst into tears,” kate said. “she was really upset, and she kept hugging jamie. this whole experience makes you cherish them more.”35. what can we learn about the newborn babies?a. the boys heart had stopped beating.b. the boy was 2 minutes older than the girl.c. the twins were born 14 weeks before the due date.d. the twins were expected to live for only 20 minutes.36. when the couple knew they would lose the boy, they _.a. begged the doctor to save himb. took his shirt off and then put him in bedc. wrapped him with his blanket to keep him warmd. talked to him and made close physical contact with him37. whats the best title for the passage?a. the power of hug.b. the miracle of love.c the bond between twins.d. the responsibility of parents.【答案】35. c 36. d 37. b【解析】这是一篇记叙文。记叙了一对双胞胎出生时，医生告诉他们的父母男孩难以存活，只有几分钟的时间了。而男孩的父母并没有放弃，并在最后抱了他，结果男孩奇迹般地重新开始呼吸，并幸存了下来的故事。【35题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中their newborn wasnt going to make it. their twinsa girl and a boywere born two minutes apart and 14 weeks premature, weighing just over two pounds each.（他们的新生儿要夭折了。他们的双胞胎一个女孩和一个男孩出生时相隔两分钟，早产了14周，每个人的体重刚刚超过两磅。）可知这对双胞胎早产了14周出生。故选c。【36题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段中the first-time parents wanted their son to be as warm as possible and hoped the skin-to-skin contact would improve his condition. they also talked to him.（第一次做父母的希望他们的儿子尽可能的温暖，并希望这种肌肤接触能改善他的身体状况。他们也和他交谈。）可知当这对夫妇知道他们将失去这个男孩时，他们和他交谈，并与他进行了密切的身体接触。故选d。【37题详解】主旨大意题。文章记叙了一对双胞胎出生时，医生告诉他们的父母男孩难以存活，只有几分钟的时间了。而男孩的父母并没有放弃，并在最后抱了他，结果男孩奇迹般地重新开始呼吸，并幸存了下来的故事。讲述了一个爱的奇迹的故事。故选b。cits common knowledge that the woma