Academic-Writing-StylePPT课件

.,1,AspectsofAcademicWritingStyle,.,2,Whatisacademicstyle?,FormaluseoflanguageCitationofsourcesMakesanargumentthroughathesissentenceFormalstructureIntroductionThesisBodyConclusion,.,3,Formaluseoflanguage,Avoidcontractionsusefullform:dont=donot,cant=cannotwhatsmore=whatismoreAvoidIdiomsandclichseverycoinhastwosides,double-edgedswordAvoidslangandinformalconstructions,.,4,toavoid,Inawordbroadenoneshorizonssociety(needstobedefined)Asweallknow,.,5,AcademicStyle(creatingarguments),UseatentativestyletendstoappearstosuggestthatwouldseemtoThisindicates,.,6,ExampleofTentativestyle,Panicoccurswheneverthereisadecreaseinconsumerconfidence.Panictendstooccurwheneverthereisadecreaseinconsumerconfidence.,.,7,Tentativelanguage,Todayeveryoneusescreditcardsforalltheirshopping.Drinkingalcoholisbadforyou.Theeconomiccrisiswillhavedisastrousconsequencesforthewholeworld.Teleworkingleadstoisolation.Menareworsedriversthanwomen.,.,8,Two-wordverbs,.,9,FormalVerbs,Researchershavefoundoutthatthisdrughasserioussideeffects.Researchershavedeterminedthatthisdrughasserioussideeffects.Withwomenespecially,thereisalotofpressuretoconformtoacertainphysicalshape.Withwomenespecially,thereisagreatdealofpressuretoconformtoacertainphysicalshape.,.,10,Rewriteinaformalstyle,Thepositivefeedbackmadeupfortheproblemswecameacrossduringthetrials.Thepositivefeedbackcompensatedfortheproblemsencounteredduringthetrials.Youcanclearlyseethedifferencesbetweenthesetwolearningprocesses.Thedifferencesbetweenthesetwolearningprocessescanbeclearlydistinguished.,.,11,Rewriteinaformalstyle,Thesubjectsdidnthavemuchdifficultywiththetask.Thesubjectsdidnothavemuchdifficultywiththetask.Wefoundexampleafterexampleofautonomoussystemsinlotsofcountries.Wefoundnumerousexamplesofautonomoussystemsinmanycountries.,.,12,Rewriteinaformalstyle,Thesedaysalotofkidsarestartingschoolearly.Yearsago,theybeganat5,butnowitsnormaltostartat4oryounger.Whyisthis?Onethingisthatmomsneedtogetbacktowork.Isitgoodforthekids?Jenkinshasstudiedthisandsaysthatearlyschoolingcausessocialproblemslikestealing,drugtaking,etc.Ithinkhesrightandweshouldpaymomstostayathome.,.,13,Originalarticle,Currently,significantnumbersofchildrenarestartingschoolattheageoffourorless,whereas30yearsagofivewasthenormalage.Thereappeartobevariousreasonsforthechange;mothers,forexample,needtorejointhelaborforce.Therearemixedviewsabouttheeffectsofthischangeonthechildrenconcerned.Jenkins(1989)claimsthatearlyschoolattendancecausessocialproblemssuchastheftanddrugtaking.Thereseemstobeconsiderableevidencetosupporthisviewsandtheremaybeanargumentinfavorofasubsidyforwomentostayathomewiththeirchildren.,.,14,Rewriteinaformalstyle,Whyaretheresomanytrafficjamsontheroadsthesedays?Onethingisthatpublictransportliketrains,buses,etc.issopricey.Alongtimeagocarscostalotbutnow,unfortunately,theyvegotalotcheaper.Anotherthingisthatdrivingisalotnicerthanwaitingforabus.Thetroubleisthatifeveryonebuysacartheroadsgetpacked.,.,15,OriginalArticle,Thereappeartobetwoprincipalreasonsforthegrowingtrafficcongestion.Firstly,publictransportationhasbecomeincreasinglyexpensiveinrelationtothefallingcostofdriving.Inaddition,carownershipismuchmoreconvenientthanusingpublictransportation.Together,thesefactorsresultinhighervehicledensity.,.,16,SomeGoodAdvice,Manyinstructorsencouragewriterstouseafamiliar,conversationalspeechintheirwriting.Thisisusefultoavoidaneedlesslycomplicatedstyle.Academicwritingshouldavoidcertainfeaturesofconversationallanguage:slangclichssentencefragmentsspellingthatreflectscasualpronunciationidioms,.,17,Whileyouressaysshouldnotsoundexactlylikeaconversationyouwouldhavewithfriends,yourwritingstyleshouldstillsoundlikeliving,naturalEnglish.,.,18,AcademicWritingMaintainsanobjectiveimpersonalstyle,Suggestimprovementstothefollowingsentencestoavoiduseof“you”and“we.”1.Youcanapplythesametheoryoflearningtosmallchildren.Thesametheoryoflearningcanbeappliedtosmallchildren.,.,19,objectivestyle,2.Thefiguresareaccuratetowithin1%,butyoushouldnotethatlocalvariationsmayapply.Thefiguresareaccuratetowithin1%,butitshouldbenotedthatlocalvariationsmayapply.,.,20,objectivestyle,3.Inthesecondsectionofthereport,wewillconsidertheenvironmentalconsequences.Inthesecondsectionofthereport,environmentalconsequenceswillbeconsidered.,.,21,objectivestyle,4.Youcanonlydothisaftertheinitialpreparationhasbeenconducted.Thiscanonlybedoneaftertheinitialpreparationhasbeenconducted.,.,22,Lettertoprofessorabouthomework(tooinformal),Justwanted2letuknow,Imbehindwithmywork.IknowIneedtohandinessaythisFri,butwontbeabletodoitnow!(Somethingcameupwithmygirlfriend,shesbeenilllatelyandIneededtotakecareofher-problemisnowIdontfeelwelleither!Amgoingtoseedoctorasaptogetsicknote.Sorryaboutthat!PromiseIllgettheessayintoyouasap!Thanksalot,.,23,References,Chan,W.K.(2001).UsinginformationfoundontheWeb.ITJournal6(2).Davies,S.(2003).Computergamesandpersonaldevelopment.FamilyForum.RetrievedDecember4,2008from.“TheGiven-NewPrinciple.”http:/sana.tkk.fi/awe/cohesion/infostrux/given/index.htmlBrown,Alison.RMITUniversity.“AcademicWriting.”.au/lsu/content/4_WritingSkills/03academicstyle.htmUEFAP“AcademicWritingStyle”,.,24,References,“BuildingaParagraph(2.4).”http:/www.victoria.ac.nz/llc/academic-writing/p