（新课标）2021高考英语一轮总复习 语法十二、状语从句教案 牛津译林版

十二、状语从句对应学生用书p189在空白处填入1个适当的单词。1(2019全国卷)onourwaytothehouse, itwasraining_hardthatwecouldnthelpwonderinghowlongitwouldtaketogetthere.2(2017浙江卷)pahlssonscreamed_loudlythatherdaughtercamerunningfromthehouse.3(2016北京卷)ireallyenjoylisteningtomusic_ithelpsmerelaxandtakesmymindawayfromothercaresoftheday.4(2016全国卷)overtime, _thepopulationgrew, peoplebegancuttingfoodintosmallpiecessoitwouldcookmorequickly.5(2016浙江卷)imademywaybackstagejust_thegreatmagicianwasputtingonhistophat.答案与解析1so。考查so.that.。句意：在我们去那座房子的路上，雨下得非常大以至于我们不得不想还要多久才能到达那里。“so.that.”意为“如此以至于”，为固定句型。故填so。2so。句意：pahlsson的尖叫声是如此响亮以至于她的女儿从房子里跑了出来。此处so.that.结构引导结果状语从句。3because/as/since。句意：我真的喜欢听音乐，因为听音乐有助于我放松，并且让我免受一天中其他的纷扰。根据逻辑关系可知，应为原因状语从句，故用because/as/since引导。4as/when。句意：随着人口的增长。as/when引导时间状语从句。5as/when。意思是“当的时候”。此处as或when引导时间状语从句。对应学生用书p189(一)基本概念状语从句在句中做状语，可修饰主句中的谓语或整个主句。状语从句由从属连词引导。状语从句可放在句首或句末，放在句首时通常要用逗号与主句隔开，放在句末时一般不用逗号。状语从句根据它们的含义分为时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、方式、让步、条件和比较等九种。(二)状语从句连词一览表类别连词时间when(当时)whenever(每当)as(当时)since(自从到现在)till(直到) until(直到) before(在之前) after(在以后)assoonas(一就) once(一旦) themoment(一就) thefirsttime(第一次)theday(在那天) nosooner.than(刚就) hardly/barely.when/before(刚就)theminute(一就) thesecond(一就) everytime(每次) eachtime(每次)directly(一就) immediately/instantly(一就)地点where(在地方)，wherever(任何地方，无论哪里)条件if(如果)unless(除非，如果不)providing/providedthat(假如)as(so) longas(只要)onconditionthat(条件是) suppose/supposing (that)(假如)assume/assumingthat(假如)incase(万一) onlyif(只要)原因because(因为)since(既然)as(因为)nowthat(既然)seeing(that)(既然) considering (that)(考虑到) inthat(原因是)让步though(尽管，虽然)although(尽管，虽然)evenif/though(即使)as(尽管)while(虽然，尽管) whatever(无论什么) wherever(无论哪里) whoever(无论谁)however(无论怎样) nomatterwh词.(不论) whether.or(不管还是)比较as.as(像一样)，than(比)方式as(像，犹如)，asif/though(好像，仿佛)，theway(的方式)目的sothat(为了，以便)，inorderthat(为了)，forfearthat(以防，唯恐)结果sothat(因此)，so.that(如此以至于)，such.that(如此以至于)(三)常见从属连词在各种状语从句中的用法1时间状语从句连词例句解说whiledonttalksoloudwhileyourmotherishavingarest.whilejimwasreading, jackwaswriting.“在期间”表示延续性动作或状态，可译为“一边一边”janewasdressedinwhitewhilemaryinblack.特殊用法，“而”表对比(这种用法常被看作并列连词)whileiadmithisgoodpointsicanseehisbad.特殊用法，“尽管”(此用法也被视为表让步)whenitwasrainingwhenwearrived.“当时”表示时间的一点heenteredtheroomwhenthemeetingwasgoingon.“在期间”表延续性动作或状态wewereabouttosetoffonourwaywhenitsuddenlybegantorain.“在这时，在那时”常与beabouttodo/beonthepointofdoing连用(此用法亦可视作并列连词)asastimewenton, histheoryprovedtobecorrect.asshewasreadingtheletter, shewassheddingtears.“一边一边”表示主句和从句的动作同时发生，可译为“随着”ashefinishedthespeech，theaudienceburstintoapplause.“当时”表示时间点whenevercomewheneveryoulike.“无论何时”表示任何不具体时间beforeitwillbehalfayearbeforeicomeback.“要过才”afterhearrivedafterthegamestarted.“在之后”sincehehaslivedinthecitysinceicamehere.“自从到现在”until/tillshedidntentertheroomuntilicameback.shestoodthereuntil/tillileft.“直到”，肯定句只限用延续性动词；短暂性动词只用于“not.until.(直到才)”句型。till一般不置于句首2.原因状语从句连词例句解说becausebecausehedidntobeytherules, hewaspunished.表直接原因或理由，回答why提问必须用becauseforitmustbemorningnow，forthebirdsaresinging.表示从前句内容推断出的理由，不用于句首。(此用法也被认为是并列句)ididntgotoseehim, foraheavysnowwasfalling.表示原因，此处相当于becausesincesinceeverybodyishere, letsbeginourdiscussion.“既然”，表已知的显然的理由asasitisraining, weshallnotgotothezoo.“因为”，表示对主句的附带说明now(that)nowthatyouareoldenough, beindependent.“既然”，相当于since3.地点状语从句连词例句解说wherecorngrowsbestwherethegroundisrich.wherethereiswater，thereislife.“在的地方”“哪里”whereverhewillworkwhereverthepeopleneedhim.whereverhemaygo, hewillbehappy.“无论哪里”“不管什么地方”4.条件状语从句连词例句解说ififyoudothatishallbeverypleased.“如果”unlessishallgotomorrowunlessitrains.“除非，如果不”相当于ifnotincaseishalltakeanumbrellawithmeincaseitrains.“以防；万一”as(so) longasyoumayusetheroomasyoulike, aslongasyoucleanitupafterwards.“只要”onconditionthatiwilllendyouthemoneyonconditionthatyoupayitbackinonemonth.“在的条件下”“只要”5.方式状语从句连词例句解说asyououghttowriteashedoes.theywatchhercloselyasacatwatchesarat.“像一样”asif(though)irememberthewholething, asifithappenedyesterday.hetreatsmeasifiwereastranger.“好像，仿佛”从句可用陈述语气，也可用虚拟语气6.比较状语从句连词例句解说as.as.heisastallasi“和/像一样”前一个as是副词，修饰形容词和副词。第二个as是连词，连接状语从句notso(as) .as.hedoesnotsmokeso/asheavilyashisbrother.“不如”，用于否定句thanheistallerthani.herpronunciationisbetterthanmine.ilikevisitingfriendsbetterthanwatchingtvathome.itischeapertogobycarthanbytrain.比较从句通常是一种省略形式。省略与主句相同的部分，以突出相比较的部分；使句子更简练。常体现在同类的主语与主语比，同类的宾语与宾语比，同类的状语与状语比as.as./thanhewokeupassuddenlyashehadfallenasleep.icanwalkfasterthanyoucanrun.sheseesmemoreoftenthansheseesherbrother.如果主句与从句类比部分不尽相同，或者要避免产生歧义，则从句的成分必须齐全，不宜省略7.目的状语从句连词例句解说sothatletstakethefrontseatsothatwemayseethematchclearly.“以便”，so有时省略inorderthathegotupearlyinorderthatshemightcatchthetrain.“以便，为了”，较正式，可置于主句前面8.结果状语从句连词例句解说sothathestudiedhardso(that)hegotgoodmarks.“所以”“因此”so.thatitwassocoldthatfewpeoplecouldbeseenoutside.heissogoodastudentthatwealllikehim.“如此以至于”，so修饰adj./adv.，或soadj.a/an单数名词such.thatitwassuchfineweatherthatweallwenttothepark.heissuchagoodteacherthatwealllikehim.“如此以至于”，such修饰名词9.让步状语从句连词例句解说though/asheisunhappythoughheisrich.“尽管”“虽然”，不与but连用studentthough/asheis, heknowsalot.cleverboythough/asheis, hedoesntknowthis.trythough/ashemight, hecouldntachievehisaim.“尽管”，此处though可用as代替，由表语/状语/动词原形though，表语是单数可数名词时要用零冠词althoughalthoughitwasraininghard，yettheywentonplaying.“尽管”“虽然”nomatter./whevernomatterhow/howeverlongittakes，wellhavetoworkhard.whateverhappens, weshallneverloseourhope.whereveryougo, iwillfollowyou.“无论”“不管”，nomatterwh词通常可与whever互换，引导让步状语从句whetherwhetheryouareyoungorold, youhavethechance.“不管还是”(四)使用状语从句需注意的几个问题1状语从句的时态例句注释iwillwaittillhecomes.iwillgowhereiammostneededbyourmotherland.ifitrainstomorrow, wellstayathome.hewontfinishhisworkintimethoughheworkshard.hesaidwheneveriwasintroubleicouldturntohim.youwontunderstandthestorycompletelyuntilyouhavefinishedreadingit.hewillpayavisittoyouassoonashegetshere.(1)主句的谓语动词是将来时态，而状语从句却用一般时态。在含有时间、地点、条件、让步等状语从句的句子中，通常都是这样。(2)其具体规则是：用一般现在时代替一般将来时；用一般过去时代替过去将来时；用现在完成时代替将来完成时。2.状语从句的省略省略的目的是使句子简练。省略的原则是：省略与主句相同的部分，省略从句中的itis(was)等。例句省去的部分省后形成的状语结构hespeaksenglishaswellasanenglishman.句子末尾的speaks (does)hespeaksenglishaswellasfrench.第二个“as”后的hespeaks (does)conj.n.illdoworkwhenpossible.when后的itishehurriedtoleavetheroomasifangry.asif后的hewasconj.adj.heisseldom, ifever, absentfromschool.if后的heisconj.adv.whenindoubt, askthechairmanhimself.when后的youareconj.prepphr.whilecrossingtheroad, youshouldwatchout.while后的youareconj.vingfilmhasamuchshorterhistory, especiallywhencomparedtosuchartformsasmusicandpainting.when后的filmisalthoughfrightened, hemanagedtorunaway.although后的hewasconj.ved3.状语从句与其他从句的区别关联词状语从句其他从句whoeverwhoeveryouare, youmustobeytheregulations.注：whoevernomatterwho，“无论谁”，“不管谁”，从属连词引导让步从句“不管你是谁”，修饰后面的主句。whoeverarrivesfirstwillwinthegoldmedal.注：whoeveranyonewho.，“凡是人”，“无论哪个”，连接副词引导主语从句，“凡是首达者”，“无论谁第一个到”，是“will win”动作的发出者。wheniwasthehappiestwhenmyparentsweretogetherwithme.注：when“当的时候”，从属连词引导状语从句表时间，修饰前面的主句。iwasthehappiestduringthetimewhenmyparentsweretogetherwithme.注：when相当于atwhich (atthattime)，关系副词引导定语从句，对先行词thetime起限制作用。wherethegraduatesshouldgowheretheyareneededmost.注：where，从属连词，引导地点状语从句，“最需要他们的地方”，表示主句的谓语动词“go”的地点。wherethereisawill, thereisaway.注：where从属连词“在的地方”。“哪里”，引导地点从句，修饰主句，可置于主句之前，或之后，或其中。thegraduatesshouldgototheplacewheretheyareneededmost.注：where，关系副词，相当于inwhich，引导定语从句修饰先行词