2020年中考英语语法语法高频考点提升训练专题8非谓语动词

专题8 非谓语动词主动形式:to do,to be doing,to have done考点一、非谓语动词的分类及其功能不定式被动形式:to be done,to have beeen done doing,to have done形式现在分词主动形式:doing, having done被动形式:being done, having beeen done doing,to have done过去分词done1.不定式做状语2.分词做状语3.独立成分做状语非谓语动词做状语1.不定式做定语2.分词做定语做定语功能1.不定式做宾语2.动名词做宾语做宾语1.不定式做补语2.分词做补语3.不定式、分词做补语的区别做补语作主语1.不定式做主语2.动名词做主语作表语1.不定式做表语2.动名词做标考点二、动词不定式的功能及用法动词不定式不定式(to) do的用法不定式的时态不定式的一般式1.表示与谓语动词同时发生eg:I saw him go out.作主语作表语作宾语作宾补作定语作状语宾从省略式常被形式主语it代替be+to do “是做”被形式宾语it代替省to或不省要后置，省介否表目的，原因疑问词+to do不定式的进行时1.表示谓语动词的动作发生时,不定式的动作正在进行。eg:He pretendedto be sleeping when I came in.2表示在谓语动词之后发生eg:He is believed to be coming 2.表式在谓语动词之后发生。eg: I plan to attend the meeting tommow.考点三、动名词的功能及用法动名词动名词的用法作主语eg:Seeing is believing作表语eg:Her job is teaching作宾语eg:He fond of playing football作定语eg:He has a reading room 接动名词作宾语的情况在下列动词后接动词作宾语时用动名词形式：admit,advise,allow,anticipate, 考点四、过去分词的功能及用法过去分词形式功能(1)一般情况，在动词后加ed. (2)在以-e结尾动词后只加d.(3)以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，应将y改为i 再加-ed.(4)以重读闭音节或r音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母动词，先双写末尾的辅音字母再加-ed作时间状语; 作原因状语作条件状语; 表示伴随状况做状语做定语做宾补过去分词没有语态变化。过去分词自身就可以表示被动语态的意义。1.过去分词可以作名词的 前置定语感官动词+宾语 +过去分词宾补（意义被动，已经完成）；感官动词+宾语+ing形式宾补(意义主动，正在进行）过去分词短语可以作名词的后置定语1.及物动词的过去分词作定语有被动之意。2.不及物动词的过去分词作定语有完成之意。有些不及物动词必须和副词搭配才能作定语使役动词+宾语+过去分词宾补（意义被动，已经完成）；使役动词+宾语+ing形式宾补（意义主动，正在进行）过去分词宾补表示正在发生的被动意义时要采用being+过去分词结构过去分词的逻辑主语和句子的主语不一致时，要在过去分词的前面加上一个名词，构成过去分词的独立结构。作状语。 一、选择填空1.The meeting _ next week is sure to be a great success.A. to take place B. to be taken place C. to have taken place D. being taken place2._ by the Comrade Lei Feng, we try our best to dogood deeds.A. Inspired B. Being inspired C. To be inspired D. Inspiring3.Its nogood _ here.Letsgohome.A. to waitB. waitedC. waitingD. being waited4.I listened to the wind, _ that he would not come tonight.A. thinkingB. to think C. thoughtD. being thinking5.I am sorry _ written you a letter at the time.A. to have notB. to not haveC. not to haveD. not having6.Tom apologized to me _ again.A. to be lateB. of being lateC. to have been lateD. for being late7._ since the night before, I felt very hungry.A. Having not eaten anything B. Not eating anything C. I hadnt eaten anything D. Not having eaten anything8.We then listened to the child _ the article _ on the blackboard.A. read, writing B. reading, writing C. to read, written D. read, written9._ it with me and Ill see what I can do.A. When left B. Leaving C. If you leave D. Leave10._ such a chance, why dont you have a try?A. To give B. Having C. Given D. Giving11.Five people were reported _ in the accident.A. to be killedB. to kill C. killedD. to have been killed12._ is bad for his health.A. Mike smokingB. Mikes smokingC. Mikes being smokingD. Mike smokes13.I came into the classroom, _ my seat and sat down to read.A. findingB. to findC. foundD. founded14.It is a problem that doesnt need _ right now.A. to solve B. solving C. being solved D. to be solving15._ by a crowd of people, I felt nervous, _ what to say.A. Watching,didntknow B. Having watched, and not knewC. Having been watch, not known D. Being watched, not knowing二、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空1.How about_ (have) a party next Sunday. 2.Dad often ask me _ (not play) on the road. 3.I dont know how _ (express) my exciting feelings.4.Mr, Green was so angry that he couldnt help _ (shout) at his wife. 5.We should avoid _ (disturb) others. 6.He was made _ (wash) the car himself. 7.We must take strong measure _ (protect)our environment. 8.I happened _ (meet) one of my friends in the street yesterday. 9.Theres no need _ (leave) right now.10.It s our duty_ (protect) our planet.11.Im sorry_ (disturb) you.12.Can you teach me how _ (surf)?13.He promised_ (follow) the good suggestions.14.If you have a chance_ (study) here,you will learn more knowledge.15.Learn the new while _ (review) the old.三、根据所给汉语提示写出下列句中所缺的名词1.China is a _(发展) country, _ (属于) the Third World.2.The building _ (建造)will be served as our dining- hall.3.Not _ (知道) his address, we have no way_(取得联系) with him.4.Not _ (理解、懂得) the local language and having no friend in the country, he found it impossible _(找到) a job.5. _(出生) and _(教育、养育) in the countryside, he knows better about the hard life of pleasant.6.In recent years, _(领导) by the Party, people find their living conditions greatly _(改变、变化). 7.Would you be so kind as_(给)us some advice on how _(学习) English.8. I dream of standing on the platform in the classroom and _(给) lessons to lovely boys.9.On the meeting, twenty-five_(前进) teachers were praised and those who had completed thirty years of teaching were given medals.10. She kept the lamb_(系) to a tree during the day and went to fetch it every evening.四、词语运用阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整，每空限填一词，每词限用一次。mop；smoke；apologize；look；mind；punish；fine；hit；catch；tremain A cook was caught 1 (smoke) red-handed and the owner of the restaurant made him2 (hit) on road immediately. With so many staff 3 (look) at him ,he felt very embarrassed . His colleagues found it right for him 4 (punish), because the lighted cigarette ends could cause the whole restaurant 5 (catch) fire. The cook begged the owner to give him the last chance . The owner eventually had him 6 (apologize) and got him 9 (fine).The cook was allowed 10 (remain). Now, he is seen 11 (mop) the floors hard and I notice many customers passing him .He is listen to to remind them 14 (mind)the sign, reading “NO SMOKING !” I hear a voice in my heart saying “respect yourself and you will feel valued.”五、完形填空IntheQualityEducationMonthofShanghaiYangpuDistrict,thevisitorswereattractedbya ChineseclassofgradetwointhePrimarySchoolundershanghaiNo.2NormalSchool.Whenclassbegan,theteachertrunedonTVinsteadof_1_thepupilstoopentheir textbooks. On the TV_2_acartoon. Withthecartoon_3_on, the teacher kept asking questions.What doesthelittle_4_ doglooklike?“Howishisexpression?”and“what ladySilkwormdoing? Thepupilswatchedcarefully and_5_theirhands_6_ the questionsoneafteranother. After_7_afewtimesand_8_ aboutittogether,thepupils handedinashortcomposition _9_ThelittleSpottedDogGuardstheHouse”.Muchtothesurpriseofthevisitors,thecartoonshownonTVwasdesignedandmadebythe Theyhelpthepupilstounderstandthedifficultpointsinthetexts, _10_ theirimaginationandimprovetheiroralability.1.A.havingasking B. asking C.toask D.beingasking2.Aappeared Bappearing C.appear Dappears3.A.togo Bgoing C.went D.hadgone4.A.spotting B.spotted C.beingspotted D.isspotted5.A. put up B.putted up C.putting up D.put down6.A.toanswer B.foranswering C.andanswering D.toanswering