新概念第三册Lesson53.ppt

听写,Lesson52MultipleChoice,1.a2.c3.d4.b5.c6.d7.b8.a9.c10.d11.a12.d,Lesson53InthepublicinterestLing,INTHEPUBLICINTEREST,Whatcouldnotbereportedintheofficialfiles?Thefactthatthepolicemanwasprejudicedagainstforeigners.WhydidSwedenintroducetheinstitutionofOmbudsman?SwedenintroducedtheinstitutionofOmbudsmantoinvestigateprivategrievancesagainsttheState.,HowisanOmbudsmanchoseninSweden?AnOmbudsmanischosenbyaparliamentarycommitteewhichrepresentsallpoliticalparties.HowcanthepublicfindoutabouttheOmbudsmanswork?ThepubliccanfindouttheOsworkthroughhiscorrespondencewhichisopentopublicinspection.,Newwordsandexpressions,evolvehigh-handedincompetentover-zealouslysafeguardparliamentaryqualifiedgrievancejustiteombudsman,secretivecorrespondencealteraccusationascertainprejudicedprompt,evolvev.1)逐渐形成（developgradually）e.g-asystemfordoing-形成了一套的体系e.g-Hehasdanewsystemforrunningtheschool.e.g-这个想法是从我在阁楼里发现的一幅画得到启发的-TheideaevolvedfromadrawingIdiscoveredintheattic.,2）进化，进化形成(biology)from/intoe.g-Thethreespeciesevolvedfromasingleancestor.-这三种生物从同一祖先进化而来e.g-鱼是由史前海洋生物进化而来的-Fishevolvedfromprehistoricseacreature.evolutionn.发展，演变（revolution革命）evolutionismn.进化论（theoryofevolution）evolutionist进化论者,revolve,evolve,involvevolve:转，卷前缀re-表示again(andagain),所以是旋转前缀e-(=-ex)表示向外）（卷着的东西）展开-v.(使）发展，（使）进化Manhasevolvedfromtheape.前缀in-表示“入内”，involve:卷入，涉及：Dontinvolveotherpeopleinyourtrouble.别把别人牵涉进你的麻烦中去。,high-handedadj.高压的，专横的=overbearinge.g-实在没有必要这样专横行事-Therewasreallynoneedforsuchhigh-handedbehaviour.henpeck,“high-”high-born出生高贵的high-class极好的；上流社会的high-definition高清晰度的；高分辨率的high-end高档的high-flying十分成功的high-level级别高的high-maintenance费神费力的high-minded高尚的high-perfomance高性能的,incompetentadj.不够格的competentadj.足以胜任的；有能力的becompetenttodo/forsth.=bequalifiedtodo/forsth.=havecompetencetodo/for=havequalificationtodo/fore.g-他能够胜任这份工作-Heiscompetenttodothejob.,safeguardv.保护sth/sb(against/fromsth)e.g-新的安保系统将保护公司免遭盗窃-Thenewsecuritysystemwillthecompanyagainsttheft.n.保护措施e.g-强有力的法律保护-stronglegalsafeguard,grievancen.不平，冤屈airones诉说苦衷nurseagrievenceagainstsb对某人心怀不满grievev.使悲伤to:e.g-Itsmetoseethistragicmovie.that:e.g-Itgrievedhimthathecoulddonothingtohelpher.for/oversb/sth为而悲伤griefn.,correspondencen.1）来往信件；通信；通信联系personal/privatekeepwithsb.保持通信联系beincolumn/page读者来信专栏,2)一致，符合inwithsb.与相一致；与有通信owithsth.使一致abetweenAandBe.g-这两段摘录如出一辙-Thereisaclosecorrespondencebetweenthetwoextracts.correspondv.correspondentn.通讯员，通信者,accusationn.谴责，指控e.g-我要有一些证据以后才提出控告-IdontwanttomakeanuntilIhavesomeproof.of关于的指控(accusesb.of)e.g-ofcorrupton/cruelty/racism-对贪腐/暴行/种族主义的控告anonymous匿名指控against对.的谴责/指责e.g-无人相信她对她丈夫的无端指责-Noonebelievedherwildsagainstherhusband,ascertainv.查出，查明(formal)e.g-Itcanbedifficulttoascertainthefact.ascertainthat.e.g-我已查清，驾驶员伤势不重-Iascertainedthatthedriverwasnotbadyhurt.ascertainwh-.e.g-警方正设法查清到底发生了什么事-Thepolicearetryingtoascertainwhatreallyhappened.,PrideandPrejudice简.奥斯汀,prejudicedadj.有偏见的，不公平的beagainstsb/sth对有偏见e.g-Manyemployersareagainstwomenenployees.e.g-很少有人会承认自己有种族偏见-Fewpeoplewilladmittobeingraciallyprejudiced.e.g-Ithinkitsanexcellentarticle,butthenImprejudiced-Iwroteit!prejudicen.,Closeyourbookandlistenagain.,TheScandinaviancountriesaremuchadmiredallovertheworldfortheirenlightenedsocialpolicies.enlighten启动；开导；阐明e.g-她未向他讲明自己的出身背景-Shedidnthimaboutherbackground.,Text,enlightenmentn.theEnlightenment（18世纪欧洲的）启蒙运动enlighteningadj.有启迪作用的e.g-Itwasaveryinginterview.enlightenedadj.开明的；文明的e.g-policy/management,Stect=safeguard(moreformal),Thesystemhasworkedsowell,thatithasbeenadoptedinothercountriestoo.形近词辨析：adoptv.采用；收养e.g-Allthreeteamsadopteddifferentapproachestotheproblem.adoptionn.,adaptv.适应；e.g-Theorganismswereforcedtoadaptinordertosurvive.adeptadj.内行，能手e.g-Silasprovedadeptintheartofavoidingpotholesintheroad.e.g-Heisanadeptintheartofpersuasion.*theartof.方法；诀窍；本领,TheSwedeswerethefirsttorecognizethatpublicofficialslikecivilservants,collectorscanmakemistakesoractover-zealouslyinthebeliefthattheyareservingthepublic.zealousadj.zealn.热情；激情for/insthzealotn.（尤指宗教或政治的）狂热分子，狂热者zealotryn.狂热分子的态度（或行为）,civiladj.1)公民的，民用的，民事的rights公民权servantlawcriminallawcase民事案件2)国内的war内战3)文明的e.g-Asvisitors,theleastwecandoisbeciviltothepeopleintheirownland.civilizev.civilizationn.,.hebelievethat=believeine.g-HeturnedtomeforhelpbecausehebelievedthatIcouldhelphim.-HeturnedtomeforhelpinthebeliefthatIcouldlendhimahand.-Heturnedtomeforhelp,believingthatIcouldlendhimahand.,informal,inthehopethat.=hopinginthethoughtthat.=thinkingundertheimpressionthat.,Aslongagoas1809,theSwedishProduce引进；采用，推行e.g-推行新的经济措施-neweconomicmeasurese.g-以民主的方法推行社会改革-thesocialchangesindemocraticway,.mote/protect/safeguardsbsinterests为某人的利益游说；保护、维护某人的利益inonesowninterests为了某人自己的好处inthebestinterestsof.对.最有利inthepublicinterest为了公众的利益,AparliamentarycommitteerepresentingallpoliticalpartiesappointsapersonwhoissuitablyqualifiedtoinvestigateprivategrievancesagainsttheState.appointv.1)任命，委派sb.as/tobemanagerappointeen.被任命者/律指定的遗产,2)指定（时间、地点），约定-Thedateforthesportmeetisstilltobeed.尚未确定（有待确定）appointmentn.指定，约会makean约会；预约（电话）first第一次约会,TheofficialtitleofthepersonisJustiteombudsman,buttheSwedescommonlyrefertohimastheJ.O.orOmbudsman.refertosbas.称呼某人为.e.g-她总是称Ben为“那个大好人”-ShealwaysreferredtoBenasthatniceman.,TheOmbudsmanisnotsubjecttopoliticalpressure.besubjecttosth/sb受.支配；服从于e.g-我们都要受自然规律的支配-Wearealltothelawsofnature.,subject1)n.主题，题目abookontheofsailing主题为航海的书chagethe改变话题2）n.主语objectsubjectclause主语从句subjective主观的objective3）学科n.e.g-Chemistryisnotmyfavouritesubject.,pressuren.压力v.强制，压迫air大气压力psychologicalexert/putonundertheof在的压力下-Weareedintomakingadifficultdecision.-我们被迫做出一个艰难的决定。,Heinvestigatescomplaintslargeandsmallthatcometohimfromalllevelsofsociety.形容词短语做定语通常放在被修饰名词的后面e.g-Agreatmanystudentsboyandgirlwenttothepartyyesterday.e.g-Manypeopleoldandyoungvisitedtheshop.,Ascomplaintsmustbemadeinwriting,theOmbudsmanreceivesanaverageof1,200lettersayear.bemadeinwriting=bewrittendownanaverageof.平均e.g-我平均每天工作8小时-Iworkforanaverageofeighthoursaday.,Hehaseightlawyerassistantstohelphimandheexamineseverysingleletterindetail.indetail(s)详细地.gointodetil(s)详细叙述；逐一说明e.g-Icantgointodetailsonw;itwouldtaketoolong.-我现在不能细说，太费工夫。sbhas/haveaneyefordetail善于发现并记住细节thedetails细节反themainpoints,ThereisnothingsecretiveabouttheOmbudsmanswork,forhiscorrespondenceisopentopublicinspection.beopentosth1)思想开明的；不固执己见的e.g-Imopentosuggestionsforwhatyouwouldliketodoinourclasses.-我很乐意听听你们对课堂活动的建议。,2)未决定的；待决定的e.g-Thepriceisnotopentonegotiation.-价格不容商议。anopenquestionhave/keepanopenmind(about/onsth)keeponeseyes/earsopen(forsth)anopenbook,Ifacitizenscomplaintisjustified,theOmbudsmanwillactonhisbehalf.onsbsbehalf/onbehalfofsb代表（或代替）某人e.g-OnbehalfofthedepartmentIwouldliketothankyouall.insbsbehalf/inbehalfofsb为帮助某人（US）e.g-Wecollectedmoneyinbehalfofthehomeless.,Hemaygentlyreprimandanofficialorevensuggesttoparliamentthatalaw(should)bealtered.ThefollowingcaseisatypicalexampleoftheOmbudsmanswork.(常用句式)e.g-ThefollowingarticleisafictitiouscasestudydesignedtodemonstratethepracticalapplicationofFairHousinglawsinissuesfacedbylandlordsandtenants.,AforeignerlivinginaSwedishvillagewrotetotheOmbudsmancomplainingthathehadbeenill-treatedbythepolice,simplybecausehewasaforeigner.simplybecause=onlybecause=justbecause,TherewasnothingintherecordtoshowthattheforeignerscomplaintwasjustifiedandtheChiefofPolicestronglydeniedtheaccusation.ItwasimpossiblefortheOmbudsmantotakeaction,butwhenhereceivedasimilarcomplaintfromanotherforeignerinthesamevillage,heimmediatelysentoneofhislawyerstoinvestigatethematter.Thelawyerascertainedthatapolicemanhadindeeddealtroughlywithforeignersonseveraloccasions.,ItwasonlypossiblefortheOmbudsmantofindthisoutbysendingoneofhisrepresentativestocheckthefacts.itisonlypossibleto.bye.g-Withpinholecamerasandcameraobscuraitwasonlypossibletoprojectanimageofactualscene,suchasanimageofthesun,onasurface.,Thepolicemaninquestionwasseverelyreprimandedandwasinformedthatifanyfurthercomplaintswerelodgedagainsthim,hewouldbeprosecuted.inquestion议论中的/有疑问的outofthequestion不