高一英语必修一Unit4定语从句..ppt

Unit4,Grammar,TheAttributiveClause,Theman_isLiuxiang.,whoranthefastest,Liuxiangistheman_.,whoranthefastest,刘翔,ThemanisLiuxiang.Liuxiangranthefastest.,aboy，hasascar，forehead,HarryPorterisaboy_.,who/thathasascaronhisforehead,TheboyisHarryPorter.HarryPorterhasascaronhisforehead.,Beckhamisafootballplayer.Heishandsome.,Beckhamisafootballplayer,_.,whoishandsome,Beckham,_ishandsome,Whoisafootballplayer,Changzhouisacity_.,Changzhou,acity,developfast,which/thatdevelopsfast,Thecity_isBeijing.Beijingisthecity_,whichthathostedthe2008OlympicGames,Thecityhost(举办)2oo8OlympicGamesBeijing,whichthathostedthe2008OlympicGames,在复合句中，修饰某一名词或者代词用作定语的句子就叫做定语从句。被定语从句修饰的词，叫先行词。引导定语从句的词叫做_或_。引导定语从句的关联词有：,定语从句,关系代词：who,whomwhose,which,that,关系副词：when,where,why,“关系代词”,“关系副词”,定语从句的位置,定语从句一定放在被修饰的成分之后。,e.g.Thisisthecarwhichheboughtlastyear.,先行词,定语从句,Doyouknowthedoctor?Hespokejustnow.,Doyouknowthedoctorwhospokejustnow?,现在我们将常用的关系代词的指代功能和在句子中的句法功能总结如下：,关系代词和关系副词有三大作用，即连接（连接定语从句和主句）、替代（替代前面的先行词）、成分（在定语从句中要充当一定的句子成分）。,在从句中的作用,指代功能,Heisthestudent_youwanttosee.关系代词that,which,whom在从句中作宾语时可省略掉。但放在介词后面时则不可省略，有介词的时候不用that。,(whom,who,that),定语从句三步：第一找出先行词第二看先行词在定语从句中的语法功能（做主语、宾语或定语）第三选择合适的关系词,关系代词:,1.who指人,作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）,ThemanwhoItalkedwithisourteacher.,和我谈话的那个人，是我们的老师。,2.whom指人,作宾语(作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省),Theman(whom/who)InoddedtoisMr.Li.,我对他点头的那个男人是李先生。,当先行词是one,ones,anybody,anyone,all,none,those等,指人时一般用who,不用that。e.g.Thosewhowanttogotothecinemawillhavetowaitatthegateoftheschool.,3.which指物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省),Thesearethetreeswhichwereplantedlastyear.,Thisrecorder（which）heisusingismadeinJapan.,这些是去年种植的树。,这个他正在使用的录音机是日本产的。,4.that指人/物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）,Aplaneisamachine.Itcanfly.,Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.,Heistheman.Itoldyouabouthim.,Heistheman(that/who/whom)Itoldyouabout.,5.whose在定从中作定语，表所属关系，翻译为“他的/她的/它的”，用来代替his，her，their，its.whose指人也指物，指物时=ofwhich指人时=ofwhom,Thisisthebookcoverisblue.Thisisthebookthecoverisblue.,这是一本蓝色封面的书。,whose,ofwhich,1.who指_,作_（成分）,2.whom指_,作_（成分）,3.which指_，作_（成分）,4.that指_，作_（成分）,5.whose作_(成分)，表_关系，译为_，用来代替_.whose指人也指物，指物时=_指人时=_,人,主、宾,人,宾,主、宾,主、宾,物,人、物,定语,所属,“他的/她的/它的”，,His/her/their/its,ofwhich,ofwhom,如何选择关系代词?who,whom,whose,which,that口诀:前看先行词,辩清人或物后看从句里,有无主宾语,ThisisthefilmwhichIsawlastnight.,ThisisthefilmwhosenameisTitanic.,ThemanandthewomanwhomyouseeinthepictureareJackandLucy.,Herearetwopicturesthataretakenfromthefilm.,JackandLucyaretheheroandtheheroinewholovedeachotherverymuchinthefilm.,theAttributiveClause,who指hero和heroine，作主语,whom指man和woman，作宾语,whose指电影的，作定语,that指图片，作主语,which指电影，作宾语,用适当的关系代词填空：Thisisthehouse_wasbuiltlastyearTheboy_wesawyesterdaywasJohnsbrother.Thecar_myunclehadjustboughtwasdestroyedintheearthquake.4.Thatistheman_wewerelookingfor.,which/that,(whom/that/who),(which/that),(whom/that),考点：that和which的选择,(1)that指物时一般可以与which互换，但在下列情况引导词只用that，不用which。,当先行词为all,much,little,few,none,something,anything,everything,nothing等不定代词时，如：a.Allthatcanbedonehasbeendone.b.Iamsureshehassomething(that)youcanborrow.c.Thereislittle(that)theenemycandobesidessurrender.,先行词被all,every,no,some,any,little,much修饰时：,Ivereadallthebooks(that)yougaveme.,考点：that和which的选择,先行词是序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。,Thisisthebestbook(that)Iveeverread.,Thisisthefirstcomposition(that)hehaswritteninEnglish.,先行词被theonly,thevery,thelast修饰时。,Thatwhitefloweristheonlyone(that)Ireallylike.Thisistheverybook(that)Iwanttofind.,当有两个或两个以上分别表示人和物的先行词时，这个定语从句要用that而不用who(whom)和which引导。如：,Hetalkedabouttheteachersandschools（that）hehadvisited.,这是我看过的最好的一本书。,这是他用英文写的第一篇作文。,先行词是疑问词who,which,what时，定语从句用that而不用who,(whom)和which引导。,考点：that和which的选择,Whoisthepersonthatisstandingatthegate?Whichofusthatknowssomethingaboutphysicsdoesnotknowthis?Whatthatisonthetablebelongstome?,当关系代词在从句中作表语时：,Maryisnolongerthegirl(that)sheusedtobe.Chinaisnolongerthecountrythatitusedtobe.,考点：as与which引导的定语从句,对这两个词作如下归纳：,1、如果定语放主句后，即引用as也可以用which.Hefailedtotheexam,as(=which)isnatural.Sheseemsascientist,as(=which)infactsheis.Grammarisnotadeadrule,which(=as)Ihavesaidbefore.,2、如果从句在主句前，这时要用as而不用which引导定语从句。如：,Asweallknow,hisparentswerekilledinthewar.,Asweallknow,theearthisround.,3.用于thesameas,suchas，asas,soas中，一般用as。e.g.Suchbooksasyoutellmeareinteresting.ThisisthesamebookasIlentyouyesterday.,4.as代表前面主句意思时，有“正如正像”之意，而which没有此意思，从句中的动词常是expect,know,see,think,want,suppose等，which可以代表整个句子的内容，有“这一点，这件事”之意。,Hewonthematch,aswehadexpected.Heagreedtotheplan,aswastobeexpected.Hecamebacklate,whichmadehismotherworried.,考点：as与which引导的定语从句,Hereissobigastoneasnomancanlift.,专题专练,1.Doyouthinksuchaplace_youspeakofisworthvisiting?HepromisedtocometoseemeonpurposeonSunday,_Idoubtverymuch.Thereisalakenearourschoolyard,_depthisoutofyourexpectation.-Doyouhaveanythinginmind_youdlikeforsupper?-Well,anythingisOkforme.5.Thehousein_heusedtolivehasturnedintoalibrary.,as,which,whose,that,which,=thelakes,6.Studentsinourschool,mostof_arefromthesouthofChina,enjoyriceverymuch.7._isoftenthecase,teachersinourschoolusuallyreturntoschoolonSundayevenings.8.Whichistheroad_leadstothevillage_youwereborn?9.ThenewcomerisfromJiangxi,_Icantellfromhisaccent.,whom,As,that,where,which,Correctthesentences:,_,that,7.Thestudentsandthingswhichyouspokeofareknowntous.,1.Einsteinissuchagreatscientistthatwemustlearnfrom.2.ThestudentwhosbookIhadborroweddidntcometoschooltoday.3.Whoistheworkerwhotooksomepicturesofthefactory.4.Itistheoneofthebestfilmswhichhavebeenshownrecently.5.ThethirdplacewhichwearegoingtovisitisHangzhou6.Whichisknowntoall,manysatellitearegoingaroundinthesky.,_,as,_,Whose,that,_,that,_,_,that,_,As,巩固练习：Correctthemistakes,8.Underthebigtreeare34students,manyofthemcomefromclasstwo.9.Mymotherhasagoodbook,whichcoverlooksterrible.10.Thisistheredpen,thatyougavetomebefore.11.Thereisanoldwoman,thatisholdingastick.,whom,whose,who,which,_,All_weneedistobesuppliedwithfoodandclothing.A.whatB.thatC.whichD.whom2.Theman_talkedtoyoujustnowisanengineer.A.whoB.whoseC.whichD.what,Exercises:,3.Canyoutellmethenameofthefactory_youvisitedlastweek?A.whatB.inwhereC./D.when,4.Themostimportantthing_weshouldpayat