英译汉第一课.ppt

WelcometotheClass!,ABriefIntroductionofMyself,ABriefIntroductionofMyself,NameHometownUniversityWorkingexperienceECNU,Anyquestionsaboutme?,English-ChineseTranslation,1)NormalGrade:40%FinalExam(the16thor17thweek):60%Materialsindifferentfields,suchasnews,ads,tourism,literature,business,law,scienceandtechnology,speech2)LetmeknowifyoucantcomehereforsomemoreimportantthingstodoPhonemail:cj2870477623)Takeadictionary,forwemayhavetranslationpracticeeveryclass.Trymybestnottogiveyouhomework4)Dotranslationwithyourpartnerbeforeclass,Somequestions,Whatistranslation?(definition)Howtranslationcameout?(history)WhatisthefunctionofTranslation?/whydowestudytranslation?Doyouknowsomeexpertsinthefieldoftranslation?Andtheirworksandtheories?ThecurrentstateoftranslationHowtostudytranslationwell?Whatdoyouwantmostfromtheclass?,Whatistranslation?,英国的剑桥百科全书（TheCambridgeEncyclopedia)对“translation一词的解释是:“theconversionofonelanguageintoanother,oftenusedspecificallywithreferencetowrittentexts,asopposedtotheinterpretationofspokenlanguage.”(将一种语言转换成另一种语言，通常用以特指书面语翻译，以区别口语翻译）美国当代翻译家尤金奈达（EugeneNida）的定义更全面和准确：Translationconsistsinreproducinginthereceptorlanguagetheclosestnaturalequivalentofthesourcelanguagemessage,firstintermsofmeaningandsecondlyintermsofstyle.(f翻译就是首先从语义、其次从文体上，在接受语中用最贴切、最自然的对等语再现源语的信息）举例说明：Johncanbereliedon.Heeatsnofishandplaysthegame.,Johncanbereliedon.Heeatsnofishandplaysthegame.翻译1：约翰值得信赖。他不吃鱼还爱玩游戏。翻译2：约翰为人可靠，他既忠诚又正直。翻译是一种活动，它既是语言活动，又是思维活动，是同时运用两种语言表达思维的活动。,翻译的种类,一、按源语和译入语分类1）语内翻译（IntralingualTranslation)2)语际翻译（interlingualtranslation)3)语符翻译（intersemiotictranslation)例，电文译成电码二、按翻译主体分类1）人工翻译（artificialtranslation)2)机器翻译（machinetranslation)三、按翻译客体分类1）文学翻译（literarytranslation):小说，散文，诗歌，戏剧，影视文学2）科技翻译（scienceandtechnologytranslation):科技资料与专著3）应用翻译（pragmatictranslation):法律文件、演说词、商务资料等,翻译的标准,佛经翻译早期，“文”“质”为翻译标准。玄奘提出“既须求真，又须喻俗”。严复提出“信、达、雅”。鲁迅：一当力求其易解，一则保存原作的风姿。钱钟书：化境。傅雷：神似一般要求：忠实、通顺。,Chinastranslationhistory,我国的翻译事业有两千年的光辉历史，可分为四个阶段。1）东汉至明初的佛经翻译时期2）明初至五四运动前夕的西方自然科学、社会科学及文学翻译时期3）五四运动至中华人民共和国成立前夕的马列主义经典著作及无产阶级文学翻译时期4）新中国成立后我国的翻译事业蓬勃发展的时期,Howtostudytranslationwell?,Personalopinion:1)knowsometranslationtheoriesandskills2)Toreadoriginalbooks,EnglishversionandChineseversion3)todotranslationpracticeLearnswimbyswimming,Learntranslationbytranslating,对译者的要求,1、坚实的双语语言功底2、合理的知识结构3、了解一些翻译理论和技巧4、高度的责任感5、跨文化交际意识敏感,Recommendingbooks,通过阅读提高词汇量，积累地道的英汉语表达方法，提高对对英汉美文的欣赏力。读自己感兴趣喜欢的书RecommendingBookList：冯庆华实用翻译教程上海外教叶子南高级英语翻译教程林语堂吾国与吾民外研社刘士聪汉英英汉美文翻译与鉴赏森林杨自伍英国散文名篇欣赏上海外教张培基英译中国现代散文选上海外教曹明伦培根论说文集北京燕山EugeneA.Nida.LANGUAGE,CULTURE,ANDTRANSLATING上海外教社,practice,1.Soonerorlater,wemustrealizethereisnostation,nooneplacetoarriveatonceandforall.Thetruejoyoflifeisthetrip.Thestationisonlyadream.Itconstantlyoutdistancesus.2.Donotregretonedayinyourlife.Gooddaysgiveyouhappiness;baddaysgiveyouexperiences;bothareessentialtolife.3.Remembertoalwayshopeforthebestbutpreparefortheworst.4.Arealmanisonewhocankeephisword,keephistemperandkeephisfriends.,Keys,1.总有一天，人们一定会意识到人生没有永远的停靠港湾；也没有任何地方，可以让人们一劳永逸的驻足停留。生命的真正乐趣在于征程。前方停靠的港湾只是幻梦一场，它总是把人们抛掷于后。2.不必为生命中的任何一天悔恨不已。美好的时光让你倍感幸福；难捱的时光让你有所体悟；二者都是生命中不可或缺的。3.有至好的憧憬做最坏的准备4.一个真正的人是信守诺言、克制自我和注重友情的。,Practice2,Winnersdonotdedicatetheirlivestoaconceptofwhattheyimaginetheyshouldbe;rather,theyarethemselvesandassuchdonotusetheirenergyputtingonaperformance,maintainingpretence,andmanipulatingothers.Theyareawarethatthereisadifferencebetweenbeinglovingandactingloving,betweenbeingstupidandactingstupid,betweenbeingknowledgeableandactingknowledgeable.Winnersdonotneedtohidebehindamask.Winnersarenotafraidtodotheirownthinkingandtousetheirownknowledge.Theycanseparatefactsfromopinionsanddontpretendtohavealltheanswers.Theylistentoothers,evaluatewhattheysay,butcometotheirownconclusions.Althoughwinnerscanadmireandrespectotherpeople,theyarenottotallydefined,demolished,bound,orawedbythem.Winnersdonotplay“helpless”,nordotheyplaytheblaminggame.Instead,theyassumeresponsibilityfortheirownlives.,Keytopractice2,胜者不会吧自己的生命致力于想象中的自己应该成为什么样子。相反，他们会保持自我本色。因此，他们不会耗费精力来装腔作势，矫揉造作的生活，甚至操纵他人。他们深知真心关爱和