2025年6月大学英语四级阅读试题及答案

2025年6月大学英语四级阅读试题及答案一、选词填空1.Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Questions36to45arebasedonthefollowingpassage.TheancientGreeksdevelopedbasicmemorysystemscalledmnemonics(记忆法).Thenameis36fromtheirGoddessofMemory,Mnemosyne.Intheancientworld,atrainedmemorywasan37asset,particularlyinpubliclife.Therewereno38devicesfortakingnotes,andearlyGreekorators(演说家)deliveredlongspeecheswithgreataccuracybecausetheylearnedthespeechesusingmnemonicsystems.TheGreeksdiscoveredthathumanmemoryislargelyanassociation-basedprocess-thatis,itworksbyconnectingthingstogether.Forexample,thinkofanapple.The39ofanapplecallstomindallthatyouknowaboutapples:theirtaste,theirsmell,the40inwhichapplesgrow,andsoon.Theassociationsarewhathelpyouto41theinformation.Anappleisalsoassociatedwithabasket,soyoucanrememberwhereyousawanapplebythinkingaboutbaskets.Mnemonicsystemsworkbyusingspecifictechniquestocreate42associations.Forexample,thefirstlettersofeachwordinasentencecanformawordthat43somethingtoyou.Ifyoucanremembertheword,youcanremembertheorderofthewordsinthesentence.Anothertechniqueistocreateamentalpicturethatincludesallthethingsyouwanttoremember.Thepicturewillhelpyoutorecalltheinformationlater.Mnemonicsarenotusedonlybyprofessionalmemory44.Theaveragepersoncanusethemtoimprovehisorhermemory.Forexample,youcanuseamnemonictorememberaperson’sname.Iftheperson’snameisJohnSmith,youcan45thenamewithsomethingyouknowwell,likeafamousJohnSmithyou’veheardof.A.associatedB.characteristicsC.contextD.derivedE.essentialF.identifyG.imagesH.mechanicalI.recallJ.remarkableK.specialistsL.symbolizesM.techniquesN.uniqueO.writtenWordBank:|A|B|C|D|E||F|G|H|I|J||K|L|M|N|O|答案：36.D37.E38.H39.G40.C41.I42.N43.L44.K45.A解析：36.“bederivedfrom”是固定短语，意为“源自，起源于”，这里说名字源自他们的记忆女神，所以选D。37.根据后文“早期希腊演说家能准确地发表长篇演讲”可知，训练有素的记忆力在公共生活中是一项“必不可少的”资产，“essential”有“必不可少的，重要的”意思，选E。38.由后文“早期希腊演说家靠记忆法记住演讲内容”可知，当时没有“机械的”记录笔记的设备，“mechanical”表示“机械的”，选H。39.前面提到“thinkofanapple”，这里说苹果的“形象”会让你想起关于苹果的一切，“images”表示“形象，图像”，选G。40.“context”有“环境，背景”的意思，这里指苹果生长的环境，选C。41.联想有助于你“回忆起”信息，“recall”是“回忆，回想”的意思，选I。42.记忆法系统通过特定技术创造“独特的”联想，“unique”表示“独特的”，选N。43.句子中每个单词的首字母组成的单词“象征”着对你有意义的东西，“symbolizes”是“象征”的意思，选L。44.记忆法不只是专业记忆“专家”使用，“specialists”表示“专家”，选K。45.“associate…with…”是固定搭配，意为“把……和……联系起来”，这里说把名字和你熟悉的事物联系起来，选A。二、长篇阅读1.Directions:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.TheImportanceofBiodiversityA.Biodiversity,orbiologicaldiversity,isabroadtermthatreferstothevarietyoflifeonEarth.Itincludesthemillionsofdifferentplants,animals,andmicroorganisms;thegenestheycontain;andtheintricateecosystemstheyform.Biodiversityisoftenconsideredinthreemainlevels:geneticdiversity,speciesdiversity,andecosystemdiversity.B.Geneticdiversityisthevariationingeneswithinaspecies.Thisdiversityiscrucialbecauseitallowsaspeciestoadapttochangingenvironmentalconditions.Forexample,someindividualswithinaplantspeciesmayhavegenesthatmakethemmoreresistanttodrought.Ifadroughtoccurs,theseindividualsaremorelikelytosurviveandreproduce,passingontheirdrought-resistantgenestothenextgeneration.Withoutgeneticdiversity,aspeciesmaybemorevulnerabletodiseases,pests,andenvironmentalchanges.C.Speciesdiversityreferstothenumberandvarietyofspeciesinaparticularareaorontheplanetasawhole.Themorespeciesthereareinanecosystem,themorestableandresilientitislikelytobe.Adiverseecosystemcanbetterwithstanddisturbancessuchasnaturaldisastersorhuman-inducedchanges.Forinstance,inaforestwithmanydifferenttreespecies,ifonespeciesisaffectedbyadisease,otherspeciescanstillperformtheecologicalfunctionsthattheaffectedspeciesusedtoperform,likeprovidinghabitatforanimalsandregulatingthewatercycle.D.EcosystemdiversityinvolvesthevarietyofecosystemsonEarth,suchasforests,grasslands,deserts,andwetlands.Eachecosystemhasitsownuniquesetofspeciesandecologicalprocesses.Theseecosystemsinteractwithoneanotherandwiththephysicalenvironment.Forexample,wetlandsactasnaturalwaterfilters,removingpollutantsfromwaterbeforeitentersriversandlakes.Theyalsoprovideimportanthabitatsformanyspeciesofbirds,fish,andotherwildlife.E.Biodiversityprovidesnumerousbenefitstohumans.Oneofthemostobviousbenefitsisintheareaoffood.Manyofthefoodsweeat,suchasfruits,vegetables,grains,andmeats,comedirectlyfromwildordomesticatedspecies.Inaddition,wildspeciescanbeasourceofnewgenesforcropimprovement.Forexample,wildrelativesofwheatmayhavegenesthatcanbeusedtodevelopwheatvarietiesthataremoreresistanttodiseasesorpests.F.Biodiversityisalsoimportantformedicine.Manyofthedrugsweusetodayarederivedfromplants,animals,andmicroorganisms.Forexample,thepainkilleraspirinwasoriginallyderivedfromthebarkofthewillowtree.Scientistsareconstantlyexploringthepotentialofwildspeciesfornewdrugdiscoveries.Theremaybemanymorelife-savingdrugswaitingtobediscoveredintheworld’sbiodiversity.G.Anotherbenefitofbiodiversityisintheareaofeconomicdevelopment.Ecosystemsprovidevaluableservicessuchaswaterpurification,soilformation,andclimateregulation.Theseservicesareessentialforagriculture,industry,andhumansettlements.Forexample,healthyforestshelptopreventsoilerosion,whichisimportantformaintainingfertilefarmland.Tourismisalsoanimportanteconomicsectorthatoftendependsonbiodiversity.Peopleareattractedtonaturalareaswithhighbiodiversity,suchasnationalparksandwildlifereserves.H.However,biodiversityiscurrentlyunderthreat.Humanactivitiesarethemaincauseofthisthreat.Deforestation,forexample,destroyslargeareasofforests,whicharehometocountlessspecies.Theconversionofnaturalhabitatsintoagriculturallandorurbanareasreducestheavailablespaceforwildspecies.Pollution,includingairpollution,waterpollution,andsoilpollution,alsohasanegativeimpactonbiodiversity.Chemicalpollutantscanharmplantsandanimalsdirectlyordisrupttheirecologicalprocesses.I.Climatechangeisanothermajorthreattobiodiversity.Risingtemperatures,changingprecipitationpatterns,andmorefrequentextremeweathereventscanallhaveasignificantimpactonspeciesandecosystems.Somespeciesmaynotbeabletoadaptquicklyenoughtothesechanges,leadingtopopulationdeclinesorevenextinction.Forexample,coralreefsareverysensitivetochangesinwatertemperature.Astheoceanwarms,coralreefsareexperiencingbleachingevents,whichcanleadtothedeathofthecoralsandthelossoftheentirecoral-reefecosystem.J.Toprotectbiodiversity,variousconservationmeasuresareneeded.Oneimportantmeasureistheestablishmentofprotectedareas,suchasnationalparksandnaturereserves.Theseareasprovideasafehavenformanyspecies.Anothermeasureistheimplementationofsustainabledevelopmentpractices.Thisinvolvesusingnaturalresourcesinawaythatmeetstheneedsofthepresentwithoutcompromisingtheabilityoffuturegenerationstomeettheirownneeds.Forexample,sustainableforestrypracticescanensurethatforestsaremanagedinawaythatmaintainstheirbiodiversitywhilestillprovidingeconomicbenefits.K.Educationandawareness-raisingarealsocrucialforbiodiversityconservation.Peopleneedtounderstandtheimportanceofbiodiversityandthethreatsitfaces.Byincreasingpublicawareness,morepeoplecanbeencouragedtotakeactionstoprotectbiodiversity,suchasreducingtheirconsumptionofsingle-useplastics,supportingsustainableproducts,andparticipatinginconservationprojects.Themorespeciesanecosystemhas,themorestableandresilientitislikelytobe.()Geneticdiversityallowsaspeciestoadapttochangingenvironmentalconditions.()Wetlandsactasnaturalwaterfiltersandprovidehabitatsformanyspecies.()Biodiversityprovidesobviousbenefitsintheareaoffood.()Manyofthedrugsweusetodayarederivedfromplants,animals,andmicroorganisms.()Ecosystemsprovidevaluableservicesforeconomicdevelopment.()Humanactivitiessuchasdeforestationandpollutionarethemaincausesofthethreattobiodiversity.()Climatechangecanleadtopopulationdeclinesorevenextinctionofsomespecies.()Establishingprotectedareasisanimportantmeasureforbiodiversityconservation.()Educationandawareness-raisingarecrucialforbiodiversityconservation.()答案：1.C2.B3.D4.E5.F6.G7.H8.I9.J10.K解析：1.文中C段提到“Themorespeciesthereareinanecosystem,themorestableandresilientitislikelytobe”，与题目表述一致，所以选C。2.B段“Geneticdiversityisthevariationingeneswithinaspecies.Thisdiversityiscrucialbecauseitallowsaspeciestoadapttochangingenvironmentalconditions”，说明基因多样性使物种能适应环境变化，选B。3.D段“wetlandsactasnaturalwaterfilters,removingpollutantsfromwaterbeforeitentersriversandlakes.Theyalsoprovideimportanthabitatsformanyspeciesofbirds,fish,andotherwildlife”，与题目内容相符，选D。4.E段“Biodiversityprovidesnumerousbenefitstohumans.Oneofthemostobviousbenefitsisintheareaoffood”，表明生物多样性在食物方面有明显益处，选E。5.F段“Manyofthedrugsweusetodayarederivedfromplants,animals,andmicroorganisms”，和题目表述相同，选F。6.G段提到“Anotherbenefitofbiodiversityisintheareaofeconomicdevelopment.Ecosystemsprovidevaluableservicessuchaswaterpurification,soilformation,andclimateregulation”，说明生态系统为经济发展提供有价值的服务，选G。7.H段“Humanactivitiesarethemaincauseofthisthreat.Deforestation…Pollution…alsohasanegativeimpactonbiodiversity”，指出人类活动如森林砍伐和污染是生物多样性受威胁的主要原因，选H。8.I段“Climatechangeisanothermajorthreattobiodiversity…Somespeciesmaynotbeabletoadaptquicklyenoughtothesechanges,leadingtopopulationdeclinesorevenextinction”，说明气候变化会导致一些物种数量减少甚至灭绝，选I。9.J段“Oneimportantmeasureistheestablishmentofprotectedareas,suchasnationalparksandnaturereserves”，表明建立保护区是保护生物多样性的重要措施，选J。10.K段“Educationandawareness-raisingarealsocrucialforbiodiversityconservation”，与题目表述一致，选K。三、仔细阅读1.Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Inrecentyears,theconceptofthe“sharingeconomy”hasgainedsignificantpopularity.Thesharingeconomyreferstoeconomicsystemsinwhichindividualscanrentorborrowassetsownedbyothersratherthanbuyingandowningthemthemselves.Thisincludesservicessuchasride-sharing(e.g.,UberandLyft),home-sharing(e.g.,Airbnb),andtool-sharingplatforms.Oneofthemainadvantagesofthesharingeconomyisitspotentialtoreducewasteandpromotemoreefficientuseofresources.Forexample,inthecaseofride-sharing,insteadofeachpersonowningacarandusingitonlyasmallpercentageofthetime,multiplepeoplecanshareasinglevehicle,reducingthenumberofcarsontheroadandtheassociatedenvironmentalimpact.Similarly,home-sharingallowshomeownerstorentouttheirunusedroomsorentireproperties,makingbetteruseofexistinghousingstock.Anotherbenefitistheeconomicopportunityitprovides.Forindividualswhoownassetssuchascarsorsparerooms,thesharingeconomyoffersawaytoearnextraincome.Forexample,apersonwhohasacarthatisnotinuseallthetimecansignupasadriverforaride-sharingserviceandearnmoneybytransportingpassengers.Thiscanbeespeciallybeneficialforpeoplewithlimitedincomeorthoselookingtosupplementtheirexistingincome.However,thesharingeconomyalsofacessomechallenges.Oneofthemainchallengesisregulatorycompliance.Sincethesharingeconomyoperatesinarelativelynewandevolvingarea,manyexistingregulationsmaynotbewell-suitedtothesetypesofservices.Forexample,traditionaltaxiregulationsmaynotbeapplicabletoride-sharingservices,leadingtolegaldisputesandregulatoryuncertainty.Anotherchallengeistrust.Inthesharingeconomy,individualsareofteninteractingwithstrangers.Thereisariskthatonepartymaynotfulfilltheirobligations,suchasadrivernotprovidingasaferideoraguestdamagingarentedproperty.Toaddressthisissue,sharingeconomyplatformsoftenuseratingsystemsandbackgroundcheckstobuildtrustamongusers.Whatisthesharingeconomy?A.Aneconomicsystemwherepeoplebuyandownassets.B.Aneconomicsystemwhereindividualscanrentorborrowassetsfromothers.C.Aneconomicsystemfocusedonproducingnewassets.D.Aneconomicsystemthatonlyinvolvesride-sharingandhome-sharing.Whatisoneofthemainadvantagesofthesharingeconomy?A.Itincreasesthenumberofcarsontheroad.B.Itpromotestheinefficientuseofresources.C.Itreduceswasteandpromotesmoreefficientuseofresources.D.Itencouragespeopletobuymoreassets.Howdoesthesharingeconomyprovideeconomicopportunity?A.Byforcingpeopletoselltheirassets.B.Byallowingassetownerstoearnextraincome.C.Byreducingthedemandforcertainservices.D.Byincreasingthecostofliving.Whatisoneofthemainchallengesthesharingeconomyfaces?A.Lackoftechnologicalsupport.B.Regulatorycompliance.C.Excessivecompetition.D.Highcostofoperation.Howdosharingeconomyplatformsaddresstheissueoftrust?A.Byignoringtheproblem.B.Byusingratingsystemsandbackgroundchecks.C.Bylimitingthenumberofusers.D.Byincreasingthepriceofservices.答案：46.B47.C48.B49.B50.B解析：46.根据文章第一段“Thesharingeconomyreferstoeconomicsystemsinwhichindividualscanrentorborrowassetsownedbyothersratherthanbuyingandowningthemthemselves”可知，共享经济是个人可以从他人那里租赁或借用资产的经济体系，选B。47.文章第二段“Oneofthemainadvantagesofthesharingeconomyisitspotentialtoreducewasteandpromotemoreefficientuseofresources”，说明共享经济的主要优势之一是减少浪费并促进资源的更有效利用，选C。48.第三段“Forindividualswhoownassetssuchascarsorsparerooms,thesharingeconomyoffersawaytoearnextraincome”，表明共享经济为资产所有者提供了赚取额外收入的途径，选B。49.第四段“Oneofthemainchallengesisregulatorycompliance”，说明共享经济面临的主要挑战之一是监管合规问题，选B。50.最后一段“Toaddressthisissue,sharingeconomyplatformsoftenuseratingsystemsandbackgroundcheckstobuildtrustamongusers”，可知共享经济平台通过使用评级系统和背景调查来解决信任问题，选B。2.PassageTwoQuestions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Thedigitalagehastransformedthewayweaccessandconsumeinformation.WiththewidespreadavailabilityoftheInternet,peoplecannowfindinformationonalmostanytopicwithinseconds.Thishashadaprofoundimpactoneducation,journalism,andmanyotherfields.Ineducation,thedigitalagehasbroughtbothopportunitiesandchallenges.Ontheonehand,studentshaveaccesstoavastamountofeducationalresourcesonline.TheycanwatcheducationalvideosonplatformslikeYouTube,participateinonlinecourses,andaccesse-booksandresearchpapers.Thisallowsstudentstolearnattheirownpaceandexploretopicsingreaterdepth.Ontheotherhand,theabundanceofinformationcanalsobeoverwhelming.Studentsmayhavedifficultydistinguishingbetweenreliableandunreliablesources.Forexample,anyonecanpostinformationontheInternet,andnotallofitisaccurateortrustworthy.Thiscanleadtostudentsbasingtheirlearningonfalseormisleadinginformation.Injournalism,thedigitalagehaschangedthewaynewsisproducedandconsumed.Traditionalnewspapersandmagazinesarefacingincreasingcompetitionfromonlinenewssources.Onlinenewscanbeupdatedinreal-time,providingthelatestinformationtoreaders.However,theriseofonlinenewshasalsoledtothespreadof“fakenews.”Fakenewsreferstofalseormisleadinginformationpresentedasnews.Itcanbespreadquicklythroughsocialmediaandotheronlineplatforms,causingconfusionandmisinformationamongthepublic.Toaddresstheissueoffakenews,journalistsandmediaorganizationsaretakingsteps.Theyarefact-checkinginformationmorerigorously,usingadvancedtechnologiestodetectfalseinformation,andpromotingmedialiteracyamongthepublic.Medialiteracyinvolvesteachingpeoplehowtoevaluatethecredibilityofinformationsourcesandhowtodistinguishbetweenfactandopinion.Whathasthedigitalagedonetothewayweaccessandconsumeinformation?A.Ithasmadeitmoredifficulttoaccessinformation.B.Ithaslimitedtheamountofinformationavailable.C.Ithastransformedthewayweaccessandconsumeinformation.D.Ithashadnoimpactoninformationaccessandconsumption.Ineducation,whatisoneoftheopportunitiesbroughtbythedigitalage?A.Studentshaveaccesstoalimitedamountofeducationalresour