现在完成时语法练习课课件 新目标.ppt

Welcometoourclass,-现在完成时态,语法练习课,时态,不同时间发生的动作，动词要用不同形式,已学习过的时态,1.v原形2.v+s/es（三单现）,am/is/are+v-ing,1.will/shall+v原形2.am/is/aregoingto+v原形,1.v-ed（规则动词）2.不规则动词,was/were+v-ing,判断下列句子的时态,1.Sheworksinafactory.2.Iwasdoingmyhomeworkatthistimeyesterday.3.WearegoingtohaveapicnicthisSunday.4.Theyheldasportsmeetinglastweek.5.Areyouhelpingyourmother?,一般现在时,过去进行时,一般将来时,一般过去时,现在进行时,动词的过去分词形式,1.规则动词2.不规则动词,finish-finished-finishedlive-lived-livedcarry-carried-carriedstopstopped-stopped,Eg.,gowentgonesee-sawseenforgetforgot-forgotten,表示经历或经验。常与ever或never连用。如：HaveyoueverbeentoHongKong?Ivenevertraveledbyair.,用法,Ihavealreadywrittentoher.Shehasntspentmuchtimeonityet.表示刚刚发生过的动作或事情，常与just连用。Theyhavejustsentusatelegram.Shehasjustcomehere.,表示最近发生的动作或情况。常与yet或already连用。如：,表示过去发生，目前还有可能仍在继续下去的动作或事情。常与since或for连用(动作的持续性要通过一段时间来表示)E.g.Katehaslivedherefor3years.Katehaslivedheresince3yearsago.KatehaslivedheresinceshecametoChina,for和since的运用对比:,for:+一段时间fortwoweeksforthreeyears,since过去的某一时刻sincethensincelastmonth一般过去时态的时间状语从句sincesheleft,注意:for和since所引导的时间状语都表示一段时间.,Hehasbeenawayforaweek.,Hehasbeenawaysincelastweek.,对划线部分提问都用Howlong,现在完成时态是中考的必考时态，由于现在完成时态既涉及到过去，又联系到现在，和一般过去时态，一般现在时态，现在进行时态既有联系，又有区别，所以同学们掌握起来比较困难。现在完成时动词构成have/has+v过去分词,助动词,否定,haventhasnt,疑问,Haveyou?Hashe?,1.都表示过去发生的事2.现在完成时强调过去和现在的联系，不能和具体的时间状语连用；3.一般过去时强调过去发生的事或状态与表示过去的具体时间连用（last,ago,yesterday,etc.）,present,past,Ihavelivedherefortwoyears,Ilivedthere2yearsago,现在完成时与一般过去时的区别,当有一个表示过去某时的状语时，不能用现在完成时，而多用一般过去时。IsawMaryanhourago.Shelostherhandbagyesterday.,Next,有些时间状语，既能用于现在完成时，又能用于一般过去时，但意义上有差别。Ivewrittenthreelettersthismorning.（说话时仍是上午）Iwrotethreelettersthismorning.（说话时仍是上午或晚上）,Next,现在完成时强调动作或事情发生在过去，一直延续到现在，而且还有可能继续延续下去；而一般过去时只表示发生在过去的动作或事情。Ihavetaughtthisclassfortenyears.（还在教）Itaughtthisclassfortwoyears.（曾教过两年，现在不教了）,1.我们买这本书三年了.,Wehavehadthebookforthreeyears.,2.他感冒三天了.,Hehashadacoldforthreedays.,Weboughtthebookthreeyearsago.,Hecaughtacoldthreedaysago.,一般过去时态和现在完成时态同义转换,3.我借的这本书一周多了.,Ihavekeptthebookforaweek.,4.我成为一个学生两年多了.,Ihavebeenastudentforovertwoyears.,Iborrowedthebookaweekago.,Ibecameastudenttwoyearsago.,5.MrBlack死了三年了。,MrBlackhasbeendeadforthreeyears.,MrBlackdiedthreeyearsago.,重点句型:Itis/hasbeen+段时间+since从句段时间+haspassed+since从句,eg.他死了两年了：Hediedtwoyearsago.Hehasbeendeadfortwoyears/sincetwoyearsagoItis/hasbeentwoyearssincehedied.Twoyearshaspassedsincehedied.注:现在完成时不能和表示过去的时间状yesterday,lastyear,in1980,threedaysago,justnow,whenIcamein等连用,Payattention注意,1.现在完成时句中常见的时间状语A.表示从过去一直持续到现在,不能是具体过去时间,(1).for+表示一段时间的短语(2).since+表示过去时间点的词语(3).since+表示过去时间的时间状语从句,eg.Ihavebeenateacher_ayear.Hehasbeenatthisschool_1992.Wehavelearned1,000Englishwords_wecametothisschool.,for,since,since,不能是具体过去时间,B.just,already,yet,before/ever,never有此类副词时,常强调动作完成,不强调动作的持续.,eg.Haveyou_beentoJapan?Ihave_finishedmyhomework.Ihavefinishedmyhomework_.Ihaventfinishedmyhomework_.,ever,just,already,yet,2.区分短暂性动词与持续性动词.英语的行为动词大体可以分为两大类型：一是延续性的动词，二是短暂性动词。延续行动词是指那些动作意义不会一下完成，而是可以延续、发展的动词。如：work,read,write,study等,短暂性动词是指那些动作一次完成，不能延续的动词。如：come,go,buy,die,等。表示短暂性(瞬间性)的动词在现在完成时的句中不能和一段时间连用.即for,since短语或howlong问句,Ihaveboughtthispenfortwomonths.,Ihavehadthispenfortwomonths.,Howlonghaveyou_thispen.,had,Theplayhasbegunforanhour.,hasbeenonforanhour.,结束性动词不能和表示一段时间的时间状语连用,但是他可以转换成相应的延续性动词.,1.直接用延续性动词buyhavecatch(get)acoldhaveacoldborrowkeepCome/go/becomebeputon-wear,2.转换成be+名词jointhearmybeasoldierJointhePartybeaPartymembergotoschoolbeastudent,3转换成be+形容词或副词diebedeadfinishbeoverbeginbeonleavebeawayfallsleepbeasleepclosebeclosed,4.转换成be+介词短语gotoschoolbeinschooljointhearmybeinthearmy,1.我们买这本书三年了.,Wehavehadthebookforthreeyears.,2.他感冒三天了.,Hehashadacoldforthreedays.,Weboughtthebookthreeyearsago.,Hecaughtacoldthreedaysago.,一般过去时态和现在完成时态可以构成同意句,Correcting,1.Ihaveborrowedthebookfor3months.2.Mybotherhasjoinedthearmysincehewas18.3.JackandTomhavelivedheresince5years.4.ThefilmhasbeenonsinceIhavecometothecinema.5.WhenhasMr.Licaughtabadcold?,havekept,hasbeenin/beenamemberofthearmy,since5yearsago/for5years,came,did,catch,6.Tenyearshavepassedsincetheygotmarried.7.JimhasgonetoBeijingfor2years.8.Whattimehavethefactoryopened?9.IhavegonetoChunhuaMiddleSchooltwice10,Thedoghasdiedforamonth.,has,hasbeenin,did,open,beento,beendead,改写句子,改写句子,1.Myfathercamebackfromthebookshopjustnow.Myfather_just_thebookshop.2.HebegantolearnChinesein2001.He_Chinesesince2001.3.Thefilmbegantwominutesago.Thefilm_sincetwominutesago.4.Hehashadthemotorbikefortwoyears.Itstwoyears_he_themotorbike.He_themotorbiketwoyears_.Twoyears_sincehe_themotorbike,has,returned,from,has,learned,hasbeenon,since,bought,bought,ago,haspassed,bought,用所给动词的适当形式填空,1.He_(go)toAmericatheyearbeforelast.2.-What_you_(do)?-I_(be)ateacher.3.Doyoulike_(drink)milk?4.He_(nothave)hissupperyet.5.We_(see)UncleLitomorrow.6.Joansmotheroften_atfour,nowshe_(cook)7.He_(read)abookwhentheaccident_(happen).8._(travel)byairisveryfast9.Letus_(wait)outside.10.Theteachertoldus_(nottalk)anymore.,went,dodo,am,drinking,hasnthad,aregoingtosee,cooks,iscooking,wasreading,happened,Traveling,wait,nottotalk,思考Whatsthedifferencebetweenthebluewordsandtheredones?,Exercises,IamanAmericanboyIcametoChinatwoyearsago.I_(study)herefortwoyears.Myfatheroften(take)me_(play)footballontheplayground.LastweekI_(take)to