能量平衡一览表

云南石化120万Nm3/h催化裂化烟气脱硫项目2017“东华科技陕鼓杯”第十一届全国大学生化工设计竞赛云南石化120万Nm3/h催化裂化烟气脱硫项目能量平衡一览表团队名称： 兰州理工大学鸿成团队 指导老师： 王东亮、朱照琪、张栋强、李宁、杨勇 团队成员： 史嘉桢、史娟利、张俊彦、朱文祥、罗正刚完成时间： 2017年8月 目录第一章 能量衡算简介31.1概述31.2能量衡算的目的31.3能量衡算的任务31.4能量衡算的一般步骤41.5能量衡算的方法4第二章 工艺概述5第三章 能量衡算表63.1二氧化硫富集工段63.1.1吸收塔（T0101）63.1.2解析塔（T0102）73.1.3闪蒸罐（V0101、V0102）83.1.4换热器（E0101E0109）93.2克劳斯反应工段173.2.1反应器（R0201R0203）173.2.2闪蒸罐（V0201V0206）193.2.3换热器（E0201E0211）23第一章 能量衡算简介1.1概述化工生产过程中的实质是原料在严格控制的操作条件下（如流量、浓度、温度、压力等），经历各种化学变化和物理变化，最终成为产品的过程。物料从一个体系进入另一个体系，在发生质量传递的同时也伴随着能量的消耗、释放和转化。物料质量变化的数量关系可从物料衡算中求得，能量的变化数量关系则可从能量衡算（根据能量守恒定律，利用能量传递和转化的规则，用以确定能量的比例和能量转变的定量关系的过程称之为能量衡算）中求得。在化工生产中，有些过程需消耗巨大的能量，如反应、蒸发、干燥、蒸馏等；而另一些过程则可释放大量能量，如燃烧、放热化学反应过程等。为了使生产保持在适宜的工艺条件下进行，必须掌握物料带入或带出体系的能量，控制能量的供给速率和放热速率，为此，需要对各生产体系进行能量衡算。能量衡算和热量衡算一样，对于生产工艺条件的确定，设备的设计是不可缺少的一种化工基本计算。1.2能量衡算的目的对于新设计的生产车间，能量衡算的主要目的是确定设备的热负荷。根据设备的热负荷的大小、所处理物料的性质及工艺要求再选择传热面的型式、计算传热面积、确定设备的主要工艺尺寸。确定传热所需要的加热剂或冷却剂的用量及伴有热效应的温升情况。对于已投产的生产车间，进行能量衡算是为了更加合理能量利用，以最大限度降低单位产品的能耗。化工生产的能量消耗很大，能量消耗费用是化工产品的主要成本之一，能量化工产品的能量消耗水平的指标是能耗，即制造单位质量（或单位体积）产品能量消耗费用。能耗大小不仅与生产的工艺路线有关，也与生产管理的水平有关，所以能耗也是衡算化工生产技术水平的主要指标之一。而能量提高能量的利用率，降低能耗提供主要依据。1.3能量衡算的任务 在化工设计、化工生产中，通过能量衡算可以解决下列问题。 1、确实物料输送机械（泵、压缩机等）和其他操作机械（搅拌、过滤、粉碎等）所需要的功率，以便于确定输送设备的大小、尺寸及型号。2、确定各单元操作过程（蒸发、蒸馏、冷凝、冷却等）所需要的热量和冷量，及其传递速率；计算换热设备的工艺尺寸；确定加热机或冷却剂的消耗量，为其他专业如供汽、供冷、供水专业提供设条件。3、化学反应常伴随热效应，导致体系的温度上升或下降，为此需要确定为保持一定反应温度所需的移出或加入的热传递速率，为反应器的设计及选型提供依据。4、为充分利用余热，提高能量利用率，降低能耗提供重要依据，使过程的总能耗降低到最低程度。5、最终确定总需求能量和能量的费用，并用来确定这个过程在经济上的可行性。1.4能量衡算的一般步骤1、绘制以单位时间为基准的物料流程图，确定能量平衡范围。2、在物料流程图上表明已有温度、压力、相态等已知条件。3、选定计算基准温度。4、根据物料的变化和流向，列出热量衡算式，然后用数学方法求解未知数。5、整理并校核计算结果，列出能量衡算一览表。1.5能量衡算的方法 工程依据化工设计中关于热量衡算的基本思想和要求，遵循基本规范与实际工艺相结合的原则，进行热量衡算书的编制。其中一个主要依据是能量平衡方程： Qin=Qout+Qi其中， Qin 表示输入设备热量的总和；Qout表示输出设备热量的总和； Qi 表示损失热量的总和。对于连续系统： Q+W=Hout-Hin其中，Q设备的热负荷；W输入系统的机械能； Hout 离开设备的各物料焓之和； Hin 进入设备的各物料焓之和。第二章 工艺概述本项目以总厂在云南省安宁市草铺镇安宁工业园区中的催化裂化装置脱下的烟气和双脱装置的硫化氢为原料，经过烟气吸收后富集得到二氧化硫与硫化氢进行反应，产生液态硫磺，再将液态硫磺直接送至下游装置，精制得到本厂产品固体硫磺。 设计过程中利用Aspen Plus对全流程进行模拟，并在此基础上完成物料衡算、能量衡算，Aspen plus全模拟流程如图2.1-1所示。图2.1-1全流程模拟流程图第三章 能量衡算表3.1二氧化硫富集工段3.1.1吸收塔（T0101）表3.1-1 吸收塔（T0101）能量衡算一览表stream nameunitFULEGASS3CLEANGASRICH-1TemperatureC555565.0108366.28688Pressurebar1.013251.013251.013251.01325Molar Vapor Fraction1010Molar Liquid Fraction0101Molar Solid Fraction0000Mass Vapor Fraction1010Mass Liquid Fraction0101Mass Solid Fraction0000Molar Enthalpykcal/mol-17.7774-102.925-17.2745-102.8Mass Enthalpykcal/kg-628.913-3162.09-611.965-3110.2Molar Entropycal/mol-K0.965801-39.19251.186886-38.887Mass Entropycal/gm-K0.034167-1.204090.042047-1.17652Molar Densitykmol/cum0.0371973.970110.03608264.57082Mass Densitykg/cum1.051242407.6891.0185172134.225Enthalpy FlowMW-922.421-947.313-887.668-982.067HinMW-1869.734804HoutMW-1869.7346223.1.2解析塔（T0102）表3.1-2解析塔（T0102）能量衡算一览表stream nameunit4RICH-2S2SITemperatureC100.5733118.5110.888769.65682Pressurebar1.0342141.013251.013251.01325Molar Vapor Fraction10.08968201Molar Liquid Fraction00.91031810Molar Solid Fraction0000Mass Vapor Fraction10.04929901Mass Liquid Fraction00.95070110Mass Solid Fraction0000Molar Enthalpykcal/mol-57.2025-101.234-95.2266-68.1826Mass Enthalpykcal/kg-3175.22-3062.83-3171.38-1460.98Molar Entropycal/mol-K-8.83497-34.7569-36.65161.629252Mass Entropycal/gm-K-0.49042-1.05157-1.220630.034911Molar Densitykmol/cum0.0335270.34739661.491170.035819Mass Densitykg/cum0.60400111.482281846.3851.67164Enthalpy FlowMW-133.053-967.109-1129.97-1.98241HinMW-1100.16HoutMW-1131.963.1.3闪蒸罐（V0101、V0102）表3.1-3闪蒸罐（V0101）能量衡算一览表stream nameunitS2S5S6TemperatureC110.8887150150Pressurebar1.013251.013251.01325Molar Vapor Fraction010Molar Liquid Fraction101Molar Solid Fraction000Mass Vapor Fraction010Mass Liquid Fraction101Mass Solid Fraction000Molar Enthalpykcal/mol-95.2266-57.0467-129.406Mass Enthalpykcal/kg-3171.38-3015.96-2943.3Molar Entropycal/mol-K-36.6516-7.30629-39.209Mass Entropycal/gm-K-1.22063-0.38627-0.8918Molar Densitykmol/cum61.491170.02894784.72732Mass Densitykg/cum1846.3850.547543725.147Enthalpy FlowMW-1129.97-389.941-668.162HinMW-1129.974619HoutMW-1058.102861表3.1-4闪蒸罐（V0102）能量衡算一览表stream nameunitS5S7S8TemperatureC1508282Pressurebar1.013251.013251.01325Molar Vapor Fraction110Molar Liquid Fraction001Molar Solid Fraction000Mass Vapor Fraction110Mass Liquid Fraction001Mass Solid Fraction000Molar Enthalpykcal/mol-57.0467-63.7818-67.3456Mass Enthalpykcal/kg-3015.96-1567.55-3707.89Molar Entropycal/mol-K-7.30629-1.16785-35.7687Mass Entropycal/gm-K-0.38627-0.0287-1.96934Molar Densitykmol/cum0.0289470.03458753.52211Mass Densitykg/cum0.547541.407296972.1097Enthalpy FlowGcal/hr-335.289-12.6641-382.256HinMW-389.9408918HoutMW-459.29220313.1.4换热器（E0101E0109） 表3.1-5 换热器（E0101）能量衡算一览表Stream NameUnitsCOLDCOLDOUTHOTINHOTOUTTemperatureC2020.0578937659.155Pressurebar551.013251.01325Molar Vapor Fraction0.00E+000.00E+0000Molar Liquid Fraction111.00E+001.00E+00Molar Solid Fraction0000Mass Vapor Fraction0.00E+000.00E+0000Mass Liquid Fraction111.00E+001.00E+00Mass Solid Fraction0000Molar Enthalpykcal/mol-68.4057036-68.40465354.3435394.284728Mass Enthalpykcal/kg-3797.09355-3797.03527133.4442131.6374Molar Entropycal/mol-K-39.3090288-39.3054465-17.1796-17.3577Mass Entropycal/gm-K-2.18198267-2.18178383-0.5278-0.53327Molar Densitykmol/cum41.9001201941.8984689911.9946812.05759Mass Densitykg/cum754.8423973754.8126504390.4208392.4682Enthalpy FlowGcal/hr-30321.4626-30320.997234.3746933.90926HinMW-35223.88323HoutMW-35223.88323表3.1-6 换热器（E0102）能量衡算一览表Stream NameUnitsCOLDCOLDOUTHOTINHOTOUTTemperatureC66.373.29043071150135.3Pressurebar1.013251.013251.013251.01325Molar Vapor Fraction1.73E-085.34E-0611Molar Liquid Fraction0.9999999830.9999946620.00E+000.00E+00Molar Solid Fraction0000Mass Vapor Fraction1.48E-084.45E-0611Mass Liquid Fraction0.9999999850.9999955490.00E+000.00E+00Mass Solid Fraction0000Molar Enthalpykcal/mol-102.799541-102.710705-57.0467-57.169Mass Enthalpykcal/kg-3110.19423-3107.54595-3015.96-3022.43Molar Entropycal/mol-K-38.8865219-38.6318126-7.30629-7.60053Mass Entropycal/gm-K-1.1765095-1.16881811-0.38627-0.40183Molar Densitykmol/cum64.5726896263.683350560.0289470.030005Mass Densitykg/cum2134.285622104.864080.547540.567536Enthalpy FlowGcal/hr-844.423524-843.704511-335.289-336.008HinMW-1372.005451HoutMW-1372.005428表3.1-7 换热器（E0103）能量衡算一览表Stream NameUnitsCOLDCOLDOUTHOTINHOTOUTTemperatureC22.8125.2256821599.769.66Pressurebar5511Molar Vapor Fraction0.00E+000.00E+0010.010343Molar Liquid Fraction110.00E+009.90E-01Molar Solid Fraction0000Mass Vapor Fraction0.00E+000.00E+0010.026193Mass Liquid Fraction110.00E+009.74E-01Mass Solid Fraction0000Molar Enthalpykcal/mol-68.3510837-68.3076397-57.3649-67.5426Mass Enthalpykcal/kg-3794.06169-3791.65018-3104.67-3655.5Molar Entropycal/mol-K-39.1230281-38.9766641-8.51604-35.9754Mass Entropycal/gm-K-2.17165806-2.16353363-0.4609-1.94704Molar Densitykmol/cum55.391236655.357902340.0324873.216204Mass Densitykg/cum997.8886369997.28811090.60026259.42566Enthalpy FlowGcal/hr-42974.8253-42947.5105-153.954-181.268HinMW-50158.76998HoutMW-50158.76974表3.1-8 换热器（E0104）能量衡算一览表Stream NameUnitsCOLDCOLDOUTHOTINHOTOUTTemperatureC110.9111.0608216135.3115Pressurebar1.013251.013251.013251.01325Molar Vapor Fraction6.94E-041.04E-0211Molar Liquid Fraction0.9993057790.989569190.00E+000.00E+00Molar Solid Fraction0000Mass Vapor Fraction4.19E-046.30E-0311Mass Liquid Fraction0.9995807150.9936985060.00E+000.00E+00Mass Solid Fraction0000Molar Enthalpykcal/mol-95.2194355-95.1191691-57.169-57.3373Mass Enthalpykcal/kg-3171.1509-3167.8982-3022.43-3031.33Molar Entropycal/mol-K-36.633314-36.377682-7.60053-8.0232Mass Entropycal/gm-K-1.22002158-1.21154121-0.40183-0.42417Molar Densitykmol/cum26.330609212.9176105660.0300050.0316Mass Densitykg/cum790.623287587.60404380.5675360.59771Enthalpy FlowGcal/hr-971.532114-970.5356-336.008-336.997HinMW-1520.668939HoutMW-1520.660518表3.1-9 换热器（E0105）能量衡算一览表Stream NameUnitsCOLDCOLDOUTHOTINHOTOUTTemperatureC122.2142.5387.822362.6285Pressurebar1.013251.013251.361.36Molar Vapor Fraction3.37E-015.11E-0111Molar Liquid Fraction0.662551590.4891906111.21E-071.22E-07Molar Solid Fraction0000Mass Vapor Fraction2.02E-013.07E-0111Mass Liquid Fraction0.7975176010.6934941541.40E-071.41E-07Mass Solid Fraction0000Molar Enthalpykcal/mol-91.7773055-89.8385847-43.7555-44.0775Mass Enthalpykcal/kg-3056.85035-2992.27688-1014.88-1022.35Molar Entropycal/mol-K-27.7750901-22.97211659.3666618.869911Mass Entropycal/gm-K-0.92511208-0.76513820.2172530.205732Molar Densitykmol/cum0.0918242170.0576831020.0248060.025796Mass Densitykg/cum2.7568831321.7318478471.0694691.112164Enthalpy FlowGcal/hr-6.9287343-6.78237044-19.8858-20.0322HinMW-31.18532921HoutMW-31.18532921表3.1-10 换热器（E0106）能量衡算一览表Stream NameUnitsHOTINHOTOUTTemperatureC122.2150.6041016Pressurebar1.013251.01325Molar Vapor Fraction0.337448410.540510835Molar Liquid Fraction0.662551590.459489165Molar Solid Fraction00Mass Vapor Fraction0.2024823990.324327889Mass Liquid Fraction0.7975176010.675672111Mass Solid Fraction00Molar Enthalpykcal/mol-91.7773055-89.449324Mass Enthalpykcal/kg-3056.85035-2979.31167Molar Entropycal/mol-K-27.7750901-22.044511Mass Entropycal/gm-K-0.92511208-0.73424221Molar Densitykmol/cum0.0918242170.053459232Mass Densitykg/cum2.7568831321.605032528Enthalpy FlowGcal/hr-867.028103-845.035461HinMW-1008.353684HoutMW-982.7762411表3.1-11 换热器（E0107）能量衡算一览表Stream NameUnitsCOLDCOLDOUTHOTINHOTOUTTemperatureC27.0155443411582Pressurebar551.013251.01325Molar Vapor Fraction0.00E+000.00E+0010.002651Molar Liquid Fraction1100.997349Molar Solid Fraction0000Mass Vapor Fraction0.00E+000.00E+0010.005116Mass Liquid Fraction1100.994884Mass Solid Fraction0000Molar Enthalpykcal/mol-68.7339116-68.6421016-57.0615-67.2314Mass Enthalpykcal/kg-3815.31187-3810.21564-3141.68-3701.6Molar Entropycal/mol-K-40.4645323-40.1338618-8.39249-35.6974Mass Entropycal/gm-K-2.24612286-2.22776786-0.46207-1.96542Molar Densitykmol/cum42.3992025442.262952580.0316379.939193Mass Densitykg/cum763.8335056761.37892430.574607180.5233Enthalpy FlowGcal/hr-43215.5232-43157.7989-323.883-381.608HinMW-50636.32999HoutMW-50636.32999表3.1-12 换热器（E0108）能量衡算一览表Stream NameUnitsHOTINHOTOUTTemperatureC150125Pressurebar1.013251.01325Molar Vapor Fraction00Molar Liquid Fraction11Molar Solid Fraction00Mass Vapor Fraction00Mass Liquid Fraction11Mass Solid Fraction00Molar Enthalpykcal/mol-129.406064-129.74725Mass Enthalpykcal/kg-2943.30183-2951.039Molar Entropycal/mol-K-39.2089329-40.0248171Mass Entropycal/gm-K-0.89179533-0.91034528Molar Densitykmol/cum84.7539543686.98693039Mass Densitykg/cum3726.3173824.522466Enthalpy FlowGcal/hr-430.886814-432.019503HinMW-501.1213647HoutMW-502.438682表3.1-13换热器（E0109）能量衡算一览表Stream NameUnitsHOTINHOTOUTTemperatureC15055Pressurebar1.013251.01325Molar Vapor Fraction00Molar Liquid Fraction11Molar Solid Fraction00Mass Vapor Fraction00Mass Liquid Fraction11Mass Solid Fraction00Molar Enthalpykcal/mol-129.406064-130.33553Mass Enthalpykcal/kg-2943.30183-2964.35013Molar Entropycal/mol-K-39.2089329-41.6110249Mass Entropycal/gm-K-0.89179533-0.94640078Molar Densitykmol/cum84.7539543691.5686613Mass Densitykg/cum3726.3174026.059502Enthalpy FlowGcal/hr-430.886814-433.968195HinMW-501.1213647HoutMW-504.70501083.2克劳斯反应工段3.2.1反应器（R0201R0203）表3.2-1 反应器（R0201）能量衡算一览表Stream NameUnitsHOTINHOTOUTTemperatureC80.84667932240Pressurebar1.013251.01325Molar Vapor Fraction0.9997829471Molar Liquid Fraction0.0002170530Molar Solid Fraction00Mass Vapor Fraction0.9999046511Mass Liquid Fraction9.53E-050Mass Solid Fraction00Molar Enthalpykcal/mol-64.273743-62.7559559Mass Enthalpykcal/kg-1554.09918-1517.4002Molar Entropycal/mol-K-0.769430652.763949718Mass Entropycal/gm-K-0.018604360.066830595Molar Densitykmol/cum0.0347052050.02381491Mass Densitykg/cum1.4353224360.984926334Enthalpy FlowGcal/hr-14.368646-14.0293403HinMW-16.7107353HoutMW-16.31612277表3.2-2 反应器（R0202）能量衡算一览表stream nameunitS21S22TemperatureC220234.0971Pressurebar1.31.3Molar Vapor Fraction11Molar Liquid Fraction00Molar Solid Fraction00Mass Vapor Fraction11Mass Liquid Fraction00Mass Solid Fraction00Molar Enthalpykcal/mol-57.0469-57.5863Mass Enthalpykcal/kg-2310.38-2310.38Molar Entropycal/mol-K-1.18907-1.39916Mass Entropycal/gm-K-0.04816-0.05613Molar Densitykmol/cum0.0318270.030938Mass Densitykg/cum0.7858480.771126Enthalpy FlowMW-23.8808-23.8808HinMW-23.88075648HoutMW-23.88075648表3.2-3 反应器（R0203）能量衡算一览表stream nameunitS29S30TemperatureC220235.2024Pressurebar1.371.31Molar Vapor Fraction11Molar Liquid Fraction00Molar Solid Fraction00Mass Vapor Fraction11Mass Liquid Fraction00Mass Solid Fraction00Molar Enthalpykcal/mol-60.0476-60.678Mass Enthalpykcal/kg-2187.97-2187.97Molar Entropycal/mol-K0.4924270.375006Mass Entropycal/gm-K0.0179430.013522Molar Densitykmol/cum0.0335270.031092Mass Densitykg/cum0.9201430.862258Enthalpy FlowMW-14.6421-14.6421HinMW-14.6420594HoutMW-14.64205943.2.2闪蒸罐（V0201V0206）表3.2-4 闪蒸罐（V0201）能量衡算一览表stream nameunitS15S16S17TemperatureC150136.9727136.9727Pressurebar1.331.331.33Molar Vapor Fraction0.8937810Molar Liquid Fraction0.1062201Molar Solid Fraction000Mass Vapor Fraction0.49620610Mass Liquid Fraction0.50379401Mass Solid Fraction000Molar Enthalpykcal/mol-49.0059-57.687912.13904Mass Enthalpykcal/kg-1136.66-2400.9266.3038Molar Entropycal/mol-K-0.13989-3.3613917.42379Mass Entropycal/gm-K-0.00324-0.13990.095169Molar Densitykmol/cum0.0425550.03927915.28338Mass Densitykg/cum1.8347340.9437842798.113Enthalpy FlowMW-25.9023-26.83230.769939HinMW-25.90234682HoutMW-26.06237306表3.2-5 闪蒸罐（V0202）能量衡算一览表stream nameunitS16S18S20TemperatureC136.972798.7163698.71636Pressurebar1.331.331.33Molar Vapor Fraction110Molar Liquid Fraction001Molar Solid Fraction000Mass Vapor Fraction110Mass Liquid Fraction001Mass Solid Fraction000Molar Enthalpykcal/mol-57.6879-58.1024-66.9912Mass Enthalpykcal/kg-2400.92-2353.13-3711.41Molar Entropycal/mol-K-3.36139-3.68838-35.0076Mass Entropycal/gm-K-0.1399-0.14938-1.93947Molar Densitykmol/cum0.0392790.04341139.30544Mass Densitykg/cum0.9437841.071885709.4657Enthalpy FlowMW-26.8323-24.3226-3.11596HinMW-26.83231232HoutMW-27.43857643表3.2-6 闪蒸罐（V0203）能量衡算一览表stream nameunitS23S24S25TemperatureC125108.404108.404Pressurebar1.271.271.27Molar Vapor Fraction0.99013810Molar Liquid Fraction0.00986201Molar Solid Fraction000Mass Vapor Fraction0.93852910Mass Liquid Fraction0.06147101Mass Solid