情态动词--牛津英语PPT课件

情态动词用法小结（复习）,一、各个情态动词用法归纳,can和could,1.表示“能力”Icanswim,butmysistercant.,2表示“许可”、“请求”CanIgowithyou?(请求)FathersaidIcouldgotocinema.(表示过去的许可)Youcannotsmokeinthemeetingroom.(cannot表示“禁止”)CouldIuseyourphone?Yes,ofcourseyoucan.肯定回答，不能用could，一般是Yes,please.Thanks.,3表示“理论上或逻辑上的可能”Anybodycanmakemistakes.(只表示理论上的可能性)Anaccidentcanhappenifyoudothis.(表示事情肯定会发生),4“猜测”（主要用于否定句和疑问句）：Hecantbeathome.(否定句)Canthenewsbetrue?(疑问句),与beableto的区别：can只有现在和过去时态，强调能力；beableto有各种时态，表示一时的能力，强调结果。Marycanplaythepiano.Shehasbeenabletoplayitsinceshewas5.YesterdayIwasabletogethomebeforetheheavyrain.,may和might,1表示“许可”Youmaytakeawalk.Studentsmaynotmakenoiseinthelibrary.(maynot表示不许可或禁止)MayIcomein?否定回答No,youmustnt./cannot.也可以maynot肯定回答sure,certainly,ofcourseMightItroubleyouforalight?Youmayindeed.,2.表示事实上的可能性Itmayraintomorrow.(表示可能会发生)Electricironscouldbedangerous,theymightgiveyouasevereshock.,3.“预测”Sammighthavetakenthemoney,butitseemsunlikely.,must,1.表示“必须”、“务必”：Wemustobeyorders.MustIpaynow?肯定回答Yes,youmust否定回答No,youneednt或No,youdonthaveto,2.表示预测(必定，必会)一般用于肯定句。可用于否定一般疑问句。Theremustbeamistake.Mustnttherebeanotherreasonforhisbehavior?,3.偏偏Ourboymustdotheoppositetowhatweordered.JustwhenIwasbusy,shemustcomeandchat,shall,1.用于第一、三人称，表示征求对方的意见Shallwetalk?Shallhecometoseeyou?,2.用于第二、三人称，表示命令、允诺、警告、决心等Eachmembershallwearanamecard.Nooneshallstopme.YoushallhavethebookwhenIfinishreadingit.Heshallgethisallowance.,Should,1.表示“必须”：Ishouldanswerhisletterassoonaspossible.Youshouldntjudgeamanalwaysbytheclothes.(shouldnt劝告),2.猜测，“估计应该”ThatshouldbeJanetcomingupstairsnow.正在上楼的该是珍妮特。,Will和Would,1.表示“意愿”Iwillcallyouassoonaspossible.Whowilldothejob?Hewouldnotletmetry.,2.表示“请求”Willyoukindlytellmethewaytothepostoffice?Wouldyougivemeyouraddress?(用would比will表示更客气),3.表示“预测”或“习惯性”：Thatwouldbehismother.(wouldbe表示肯定是)Hewillsittherehourafterhourlookingattheriver.HewouldcometoseemewhenhewasinLondon.,usedto与would的区别usedto表示过去情况与现在不同;would只单纯表示过去的情况,Peopleusedtothinkthattheearthwasflat.Shewouldgooutforawalkinthemorningwhenshewasinthecountry.,oughtto,1.表示“应该”Yououghttogotoseethedoctor.(oughtto的语气比must弱)Yououghtnt(oughtnot)tosmokesomuch.Oughtyoutosmokesomuch?,2.表示“预测”，婉转,比must语气弱Theyoughttobetherebynow.,should和oughtto的区别,含义大致相同，oughtto强调在客观上（法律，章程和道义），比should语气强。should强调主观上，表示主语的职责和义务或说话人的劝告。,YououghttogoandseeMarytomorrow.Youshouldntjudgeamanalwaysbytheclothes.,need和dare用作情态动词时，主要用在否定句、疑问句中，用作实义动词时,可用于各种句式。NeedIcome?Yes,youmust./No,youneednt.Youneednttelephonehimnow.Shedarenotgooutaloneatnight.Weshoulddaretogiveourownopinion.Weneedtotellthemthenews.注意：dare用作实义动词时，其否定句中的to可保留也可省略。Shedoesntdaretoclimbthetree.Shedoesntdareclimbthetree.,二、情态动词的完成式和进行式modalverb+havedone:对过去发生的事情进行评价、猜测，表示“应当已经、想必已经、本来可以做但未做”Ishouldhavefinishedtheworkearlier.Heisnthere.Hemusthavemissedthetrain.Wherecan(could)hehavegone?Youcould(might)havebeenmorecareful.Yououghttohavecome,butwhydidntyou?modalverb+bedoing:对正在发生的事情进行评价、猜测，表示“想必正在、可能正在、应当正在”Its12oclock.Theymustbehavinglunch.Theymaybediscussingtheproblem.Hecantbetellingthetruth.Sheshouldntbeworkinglikethat.Sheisstillsoweak.,情态动词专项练习IhearyouvegotasetofAustraliancoins.Ihavealook?Yes,certainly.A.DoB.MayC.ShallD.Should2.Heseldomlistenstoothers.Heanswerforwhathehasdone.A.shallB.willC.canD.would3.MayIleavetheofficebefore5oclockintheafternoon?No,Imafraidyou.A.needntB.shouldntC.mustntD.wont4.ShallItellJohnaboutit?No,you.Idontknowhistelephonenumber.A.needntB.wouldntC.mustntD.shouldnt5.MrBushisontimeforeverything.Howitbethathewaslatefortheopeningceremony?A.canB.shouldC.mayD.must,A,C,B,A,A,6.Thetrafficlightisred,soIstopmycar.A.mustB.havetoC.canD.mustnt7.Whathappenedtotheyoungtreesweplanted?Thetreeswell,butIdidntwaterthem.A.mightgrowB.neednthavegrownC.wouldgrowD.wouldhavegrown8.Iwasreallyanxiousaboutyou.Youhomewithoutaword.A.mustntleaveB.shouldnthaveleftC.couldnthaveleftD.needntleave9.Tomshowhisexamresultstohisparents.A.darenotB.daredC.daretoD.daresnotto10.Shethefilm.Sheknowsnothingaboutit.A.cantseeB.canthaveseenC.mustseeD.mustnthaveseen,B,D,B,A,B,11.Theymusthavebeenherethedaybeforeyesterday,?A.mustnttheyB.didnttheyC.mustnthavetheyD.hadthey12.Ididntseeheryesterday.Oh,butyou.A.musthaveB.oughttoC.shouldhaveD.cannothave13.MustItakeabus?No,you.Youcanwalkfromhere.A.mustnotB.dontC.donthavetoD.hadbetternotto14.Willyoustayforlunch?Sorry,.Mybrotheriscomingtoseeme.A.ImustntB.IcantC.IneedntD.Iwont15.IoftengofishingwhenIlivedinthecountryside.A.shouldB.wouldC.couldD.might16.CouldIuseyourtelephone?Yes,ofcourseyou.A.couldB.willC.canD.might,B,C,C,B,B,C,17.Icantgetthroughtothegeneralmanagersofficeanyhow.Thelineisbusy.Someonethetelephone.A.mustuseB.usesC.musthavebeenusingD.mustbeusing18.Doyouthinkhewilldomeafavor?AsfarasIknow,heisthelastonetohelpothers.He_bepreparedtogiveyouahand,though.A.mightB.mustC.canD.should19.EventhoughIdhurtmyleg,Iswimbacktotheriverbank.A.couldB.mightC.hadtoD.wasableto20.Yougotothepartyif