英语形容词及副词

.,1,形容词及副词,.,2,用以修饰名词，表示事物的特征的词。e.g.long,empty,cheap,hungry,etc.,什么叫形容词?,在句中作定语、表语、宾语补足语等成分,.,3,e.g.Heisagoodstudent.Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou.,当形容词修饰由some-,any-,no-,every-构成的不定代词时,形容词要放在这些不定代词的之后.e.g.,Isthereanythinginterestingintodaysnewspaper?,作定语,.,4,Thetreesturngreeninspring.Wearealoneontheisland.,只能作表语，不能作定语的形容词你能说出几个？,aloneafraidawakeasleepaliveable,作表语,.,5,形容词和宾语一起构成复合宾语e.g.,Wemustkeeptheclassroomclean.,Hemadeushappy.,作宾语补足语,Colouritgreen.,.,6,形容词的比较级和最高级构成,.,7,tallerharderlargerwider,tallesthardestlargestwidest,biggerhotterfatterwetter,biggesthottestfattestwettest,happierdrierearlier,happiestdriestearliest,narrowercleverer,narrowestcleverest,moredifficultmorepopularmoreslowly,mostdifficultmostpopularmostslowly,少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节词可加-er或-est,规则变化,.,8,better,best,worse,worst,less,more,most,farther/further,older/elder,least,farthest/furthest,oldest/eldest,不规则变化,.,9,形容词原级的常用句型,TomisastallasMike.,as+形容词原形+as,Thereareasmanystudentsinourschoolasyours.,TomisthreetimesasoldasMike.,.,10,否定notas+形容词原形+as“和不一样”或notso+形容词原形+as“不及不如,TomisnotastallasMike.,TomisnotsotallasMike.,.,11,比较级+than,形容词比较级的常用句型,Thisbridgeislongerthanthatone.,Ourschoolislargerthantheirs.,.,12,表示两者之间的选择，可使用“Whichis+比较级，or?”,表示不及另一方时，使用“less+原级+than”,Whichislonger,thisoneorthat?,Thisparkislessbeautifulthanthatone.,.,13,Thistruckisbigenoughtocarry5tons.,so+形容词原级+that丛句,Heissobigthathecantentertheroombythedoor.,too+原级+todosth.,Heistooyoungtojointhearmy.,形容词原级+enoughtodosth.,.,14,“The+比较级，the+比较级”,“比较级+and+比较级”,Thesmallerthehouseis,thelessitwillcostustheheat.,Inspring,thedaysaregettinglongerandlonger.,.,15,oneofthe+最高级+名词复数,形容词最高级的常用句型,最高级+of(in),Thisis/wasthe最高级+名词+that定语从句,LuXunisoneofthegreatestwriterslastcentury.,ThisistheworstfilmthatIhaveseentheseyears.,Ofallthemoviestars,IthinkZhangZiyiisthebest.,.,16,B.形容词的构成,1.名词+y变为形容词,n+y:rainy,sunnyfoggystormy,windy,snowy,frosty,cloudy,lucky,healthy,sleepy,noisy,guilty,2.名词+ly变为形容词,n+ly:lovely,friendly,lonely,livelyweekly,daily,3.名词+其它后缀变为形容词：,n+ful:careful,beautifuln+less:careless,uselessn+ous:dangerous,.,17,1.Helooked_becausehedidntpasstheexam.(happy)2.Itis_toshoutattheoldpeople.(polite),unhappy,impolite,Canyouchangetheflowingwordsintoopposites?+:possible_patient_+:correct_active_+:necessary_friendly_+:honest_+:regular_,impossible,impatient,incorrect,inactive,unnecessary,unfriendly,dishonest,irregular,im,in,un,dis,ir,Wecanaddprefixestosomeadjectivestoformopposites.,某些形容词可以加上特定的前缀变成相应的反义词,.,18,用来修饰动词、形容词、其它副词、全句或名词词组及句子的词。e.g.,什么叫副词?,very,early,out,soon,quickly,etc.,.,19,Scientistsareworriedthatsomethingintheairmayleadtovariousdiseasesincludinglungcancer.ShiYuankai,oneofthefamousdoctorsinShanghai,saidlongtimestayintheharmfulairtheairwithsomethingsmallerthan2.5micrometers(PM2.5)whichgoestothelungs,isamajorhealththreat.,really,Trytofindoutalltheadverbs!,especially,directly,.,20,Airqualityinthecapitalisbadbecauseoftheheavyfog.BeijingsairwaswidelypollutedonMonday,accordingtotheChinaNationalEnvironmentalControllingCenter.InBeijing,thelungcancerratehasincreasedfastduringthepastfewyears.Increasingairpollutionmightbeblamed(v.把归咎于)fortheuseofcars.Worsely,protectivewayslikewearingfacemaskshelpbecausethedustissmall.,Trytofindoutalltheadverbs!,very,hardly,too,.,21,1.修饰动词,2.修饰形容词,3.修饰副词,4.修饰整句,goesdirectlyto,arereallyworried,hasincreasedquitefast,Worse,protectivewayslikewearingfacemaskshardlyhelp,.,22,ShiYuankai,oneofthefamousdoctorsinShanghai,saidlongtimestayintheharmfulairespeciallytheairwithsomethingsmallerthan2.5micrometers(PM2.5)whichgoesdirectlytothelungs,isamajorhealththreat.BeijingsairwaswidelypollutedonMonday,accordingtotheChinaNationalEnvironmentalControllingCenter.Worse,protectivewayslikewearingfacemaskshardlyhelpbecausethedustistoosmall.,Whendoweuseadverbs?,1.修饰动词,.,23,InBeijing,thelungcancerratehasincreasedquitefastduringthepastfewyears.,Whendoweuseadverbs?,3.修饰副词,.,24,Scientistsarereallyworriedthatsomethingintheairmayleadtovariousdiseasesincludinglungcancer.Airqualityinthecapitalisverybadbecauseoftheheavyfog.Worse,protectivewayslikewearingfacemaskshardlyhelpbecausethedustistoosmall.,Whendoweuseadverbs?,2.修饰在形容词,.,25,ShiYuankai,oneofthefamousdoctorsinShanghai,saidlongtimestayintheharmfulairespeciallytheairwithsomethingsmallerthan2.5micrometers(PM2.5)whichgoesdirectlytothelungs,isamajorhealththreat.Worse,protectivewayslikewearingfacemaskshardlyhelpbecausethedustistoosmall.,Whendoweuseadverbs?,4.修饰整句,.,26,Wecantakeawalk,forthewindblows_inMarchthaninFebruary.(gentle),Ofallthepollutionfighters,treesprotectourenvironment_(good).Soweshouldplantmoretrees.,_,wecansavemoreelectricityduringEarthHour.(actual),Actually,carefully,moregently,best,Whatcanwedotosavetheearth?,sortv.分类,Wecansorttherubbishas_asourclassmates.(careful),1.频率副词always,usually,often,sometimes,seldom,neverIusuallywatchTV.2.程度副词very,quite,so,such,really,rather,too,enoughItsvery/sohottoday.3.方式副词(-ly)Myfathershoutedatmeangrily.4.疑问副词howlong,howfar,howoften,howsoon,howmuch-Howlonghaveyoubeenawayfromyourhometown?-Since5yearsago.,D.副词的分类,1.在大多数的形容词后加-lysweetly,beautifully,loudly2.happily,angrily,noisily3.4.以le结尾的，去e+y,E.方式副词的构成,以e结尾,+ly,nicely，politely，safely（true-truly）,辅音字母加-y结尾，变y为i再加-ly,terrible-terribly,possibly,comfortably,1.许多形容词加-ly可以构成副词，但有些以-ly结尾的词不是副词，而是形容词。如：friendly,lonely,lovely,lively,likely,daily,2.有些形容词和副词同形：如：early，late，fast，high，hard，straight（请注意hardly的意思及用法）,易错点：,1.much,still,abit,even,far,alot等常用来修饰比较级*SheismuchtallerthanMrs.Liu.*Thisproblemisalittlemoredifficultthantheotherone.,形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的注意点：,2.在比较级中为了避免重复，在the后常用one，that,those等词来替代前面提到过的名词Maryshairisthesamecolorashermothers.*TheweatherhereiswarmerthanthatofShanghai*Thispenisshorterthanthatone.,.,31,副词的比较级和最高级的构成和形容词的比较级和最高级的构成基本相同.e.g.,形容记的最高级前要用定冠词the,副词的最高级前可用可不用定冠词the.,Attentions,MountQomolangmaisthehighestintheworld.,Jimjumped(the)highestoftheall.,fast-faster-fastestslowly-moreslowlymostslowly,.,32,1.Thebreadis_thanthesecakesA.verydeliciousB.muchdeliciousC.moredeliciousD.asdelicious,2.LinTaojumped_inthelongjumpintheschoolsportsmeetingA.farB.fartherC.farthestD.quitefar,3.Whentheymetinthehotel.Theytalkedandlaughed_A.happilyB.happyC.happierD.happiest,C,C,Practice,A,.,33,4.Inourcityits_inJuly,butitiseven_inAugustA.hotterhottestB.hothotC.hotterhotD.hothotter5.Hainanisa