会考英语复习冠词.ppt

Article冠词,会考英语总复习,冠词虚词，本身无独立的意义，它用来帮助说明名词所指的人或物,是泛指还是特指不定冠词a,an定冠词the,（泛指）,（特指）,1.不定冠词a/an的用法1)表示某人(事物)的某一种类*Myfatherisadriver.*Doyoulikeanappleorapear?,2)表示某一事物中的任何一个*Anelephantisbiggerthanahorse.*Amonkeycanclimbtrees.,3)表示某人某物,但不具体说明何人何物。*AstudentfromClassTworunsfastest.*Amaniscallingnow.,4)表示数量，有“一”的含义*Thereisaflowerinthevase.*Apandahasamouth,anose，twoeyes.,5)有些不可数名词要表示“一种”、“一场”、“一堆”时，须加不定冠词*aheavysnow*astrongwind*makeafire*haveagoodtime,6)用于固定词组*,halfanhour*amomentagoalotof*havearest*alittle/afew*apairof,2.定冠词the的用法1)指上文提到过的人或物,用定冠词the,2)世界上独一无二的事物前用定冠词the,*thesun*themoon*theearth,3)定冠词the用于序数词前或表示方位的名词前和形容词最高级前,*thefirst*thebest*inthesouth,4)乐器名称前用定冠词the,*playthepiano*playtheviolin,5)在复数姓氏前加the，表示一家人，常看成复数,1*TheBrownsaregoingtoShanghaiforaholidaythissummer.,TheBrownfamily,6)在一些形容词前，表示一类人,*therich富人*theold老人,7)在一些专有名词和习惯用语中常用定冠词the,theGreatWall*bytheway*inthemorning*ontheright,3.不用冠词,1)在节日、星期、月份、季节、年、学科等词前不用冠词,*insummer*inAugust*onSunday*studyphysics,请区别：inthespringof1945,(特指,加the),2)一日三餐和球类运动名词前不用冠词,*havebreakfast*playfootball,3)名词前已有this,that,my,your,some,any,each作定语,不用冠词,*Theymetherethismorning.*Eachboyhasaworkbook.,4)一些专有名词、不可数名词、称呼、头衔不用冠词,ChinameatGradeTwoMr.LiDr.Liu,5）表示颜色、语种、国家前不用冠词,*inred*Japanese*(spoken)English,6）固定词组,*gotobed*bybus*atnight*intime,4.在有些词组中,有冠词和无冠词意思不同infrontofinthefrontof*Thereisatreeinfrontofthehouse.房子前面有一棵树*Theteachersdeskisinthefrontoftheclassroom.讲台在教室的前部,在前面,在范围内的正前部,inhospitalinthehospital*Hesillinhospital.他生病住院。*Myparentsworkinthehospital.我的父母在医院工作。,(生病)住院,在医院里,Nouns名词,会考英语总复习,的定义：表示人、事物、地点的名称或者抽象概念的词分为专有名词和普通名词,专有名词表示个别的人、事物、地点等专有的名称。专有名词第一个字母要大写*Lucy*China*theSummerPalace,普通名词分为可数名词和不可数名词可数名词表示人、事物、地点等的名称。可数名词有单数和复数两种形式之分,名词的单数形式一般可用a来修饰*acar*abook在元音发音开头的单词前用an*anelephant*anapple,名词的复数形式1.复数形式的构成方法(1)一般在复数名词后加(2)以s、x、ch、sh结尾的名词加(3)以f、fe结尾的名词,(4)以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,(5)以o结尾的名词加,“s”/s/or/z/,“es”/iz/,变y为i加“es”/iz/,请区别：如果是元音字母加y结尾的名词则只须加“s”,变f、fe为v再加“es”/vz/,“s”/z/,只有potatotomatohero加“es”构成复数,2.特殊变化的单词(1)单复数同形,ChineseChinesefishfishJapaneseJapanesesheepsheep,(2)变元音字母oo为ee,toothfoot,teeth,feet,(3).变man为men,manmenwomanpolicemanFrenchman,women,policemen,Frenchmen,German(德国人),Germans,(4).一些合成名词的复数构成分两种情况,1)将中心词变为复数,girlfriendgrandchild,girlfriends,grandchildren,2)man,woman构成的合成词，每个名词都要变成复数,amandoctorawomanteacher,mendoctors,womenteachers,(5).常以复数形式出现的名词peopleclothespolicetrousersglasses这些名词作主语时，注意它们的谓语用复数*Myclothesarenewerthanyours.*Thepoliceoftencomehere.,考考你?,不可数名词物质名词和抽象名词属于不可数名词如:water，rice，fish，meat等。特别记住houseworkworkchalktimespacemusicmoneyweathercottonhomeworkwoodinformationnewsmedicine,不可数名词无复数，作主语时常看成单数,名词所有格表示名词间的所有关系“的”一.名词所有格的构成方法1.单数名词后加,“s”,*Tomsbook*myfriendsuncle,2.以s结尾的复数名词,则在s后加“”即可,*TeachersDay*twoweeksholiday,3.不以s结尾的复数名词的所有格,仍按惯例加“s”,*ChildrensDay*mensshoes,4.用of加名词，构成所属关系的短语，主要用于表示无生命名词的所有关系,thecolorofthewall*apictureoftheclassroom,二.名词所有格的几个注意点,1.可用名词所有格表示地点,地点名词习惯上省略,*myaunts(home）(我姑姑家）*gototheteachers(office）(去老师办公室）,2.有些名词的所有格可用两种形式,*thecatsname/thenameofthecat*Chinascapital/,thecapitalofChina,3.表示两人共同拥有,在最后一个名词后加“s”,请区别:LucyandLilysroomLucysandLilysrooms,露西和莉莉的房间（两人共有一间房）,露西的房间和莉莉的房间（两人各有一间房间）,不规则变化,child-children,woman-women,deer,sheep,man-men,NOUN.,mouse-,mice,要点考点聚焦,flower,flowers,考考你！,watch,es,factory-,leaf-leaves,box,es,NOUN.,factories,radio,photo,考考你,zoo,pianos,NOUN.,s,s,s,Notonlythese,要点考点聚焦,考考你,tomatoes,potatoes,hero,NOUN.,0,zero,0,0,(e)s,es,指点迷津,Tenyears_(is,are)shorttimeforme.Apairofshoes_(is,are)underthebed.Thenumberofthestudentsinourschool_(is,are)2,000.Thewomanwithtwochildren_(is,are)cominghere.NeitherhenorI_(is,am)anAmerican.,NOUN.,is,am,is,is,is,指点迷津,6.Maths_(are,is)hardtolearnfortheboy.7.Theyareall_(woman,teachers;womenteachers).8.ThepopulationofChina_(are,is)over1,300,000,000.9.Therearemany_(peoples,people)inthestreetinsummer.10.Oneofthestudents_(have,has)gonetoShanghai.,is,is,womenteachers,people,hhas,NOUN.,1.Several_aretalkingunderthetreeAndtheyare_.Awoman;childrenBwoman;childCwomen;children2.Therearethreeinmyfamily.(2004长春）A.peopleB.personC.child3.Moststudentscangotocollegeforfurtherinourcity.A.educationB.informationC.science4.Pleasegiveme_paper.A.oneB.apiecesC.apieceD.apieceof5.Thistableismadeof_.A.manyglassB.someglassesC.glassesD.glass,典型例题解析,C,A,A,NOUN.,D,D,6.Some_cametoourschoolforavisitthatday.A.GermansB.GermenC.GermanyD.Germanies7.Inthepicturetherearemany_andtwo_.A.sheeps;foxesB.sheeps;foxesC.sheep;foxesD.sheep;foxs8.Theywritemostoftheir_inEnglish.A.businessletterB.businesslettersC.businessesD.businessesletters9._are_forcuttingthings.A.Knife,usedB.Knives,usingC.Knife,usingD.Knives,used10.Johnbought_forhimselfyesterday.A.twopairsofshoesB.twopairofshoeC.twopairofshoesD.twopairsshoes,D,B,A,C,A,根据所给单词的正确形式填空：1.Differentpeoplemayhavedifferent_.(idea)2.Ioftengotoworkon.(foot)3.Iknowoneofthe.(boy)4.Mr.Browniswearingapairof.(glass)5.Pleasegivethemtheir.(photo)6.Arethereanyinthebox?(watch)7.Therearetwelveinayear.(month)8.Wouldyoulikesome?(tomato)9.Lookatthoseintheboats!(people)10.Look!Thearesinging.(woman)11.Jimhassome.(knife)12.Howmucharethese?(vegetable),ideas,foot,boys,glasses,photos,watches,months,tomatoes,people,women,knives,vegetables,NOUN.,1.Therich_notalwayshappy.A.areB.isC.haveD.has2.InBritain,_areallpaintedred.A.letterboxesB.lettersboxesC.letterboxD.lettersbox3.Therearefour_andtwo_inthegroup.A.Japanese，GermenB.Japaneses，GermenC.Japanese，GermanD.Japanese，Germans4.ShewasborninWuhan,butBeijinghasbecomehersecond_.A.homeB.familyC.houseD.country5.Motherbroughtme_.A.agoodnewsB.apieceofnewsC.manygoodnewsD.twonews,课时训练,A,A,D,A,B,6.Wecandotheworkbetterwith_moneyand_people.A.less,fewerB.fewer,lessC.little,littleD.few,few7.Beijingisoneofthemostbea