全新版大学英语综合教程第二版Unit 2VIP

.,UnitTwo,TextAAlltheCabbieHadWasaLetter,.,TextA,PartPre-readingTaskPartComprehensionquestionsPartLanguagePointsPartPost-questionsPartVTextStructurePartTranslation,.,Pre-readingtask,OnedayChenandIwentdowntown.Iwantedtobuysomesupplies.HehatesshoppingbutcamealongsincehespeaksbetterChinesethanme.Also,heisabetterbargainer.Forthesegoodreasonsheofferstohelpeventhoughitsboring,sinceotherwiseIwouldbuythewrongthing.Wehelpeachotherbecausewearefriends.Westartedbeingfriendsbyhelpingeachother.“IsitpossibleforChineseandforeignerstobecomefriends?”Ivebeenaskedthismanytimes.WhenIfirstarrivedfrommulticulturalCanada,Ireplied,“Ofcourse!”ButnowImnotsosure.,.,Forme,Chinaseems“reversed”.Relationshipsseemmoreimportantthantheindividualsinvolved.InNorthAmerica,anindividualismoreimportantthanrelationshipsorroles.Thesetwooppositestartingpointsshaperealityandexpectations.Manysaytome,“Ihopewecanbefriends.”AndwhatheorshewantsistopracticeEnglish.OtherswanttobemyfriendbecauseIamaforeignerandtheythinkthismakesthemlookgood.ThishurtsmesinceIamalonghereandmakingfriendsiswhatIwant,notteachingEnglisheveryhourofthedayornight,orbeingaprize.Ifeelused.ButforChinese,“using”ispartoffriendship.HowdidChenandIbecomefriends?WhenIfirstarrivedhehelpedmebuywhatIneeded,hiswayofstartingafriendship.Ithankedhimbytakinghimoutforlunchanddiscoveredwesharemanyattitudesandinterests-mywayoffindingafriend.IsawthathedidntjustspendtimewithmetoimprovehisEnglishorbeseenwithaforeigner.Hecaresaboutme,andIcareabouthim.SoIcallhim“friend”,butlaterthanhecalledme“friend”.,.,Chinesefriendsshare“thingsincommon”:atask,aclass,ahometown.Youmayormaynotliketheperson,butifheorshecandosomethingforyoubecauseofhisorherpositionorjob,youaskwithouttheshynessaforeignerfeels,enlargingfriendshipbeyondwhataNorthAmericanusuallymeans.Forus,friendshipcanbecut,ordiefromseparation.Chinesearefriendseveniftheyhaventspokenfor20years.Ifyousharedsomethingatonetime,thenallyourlifeyouarefriends.Thisisthebestof“guanxi”,“relationship”,theWideWebthatconnectsChinesethroughtimeandspace.ChineseinventedtheInternetlongbeforeBillGateswasborn.,.,1.ChenhatesshoppingbutstillwentwithDr.Wysebecause_.A.hespeaksbetterChineseB.heisabetterbargainerC.WyseishisfriendD.allabove2.WhywasDr.WysesosurethatChineseandforeignerscouldbecomefriendswhenfirstarrivinginChina?A.Chinesepeoplearekindinnature.B.Dr.Wyselikesmakingfriendswithothers.C.PeopleinDr.Wysescountryarefromdifferentcultures.D.Chineseandforeignersarealikeinmanyways.3.WhydoesChinaseem“reversed”accordingtoDr.Wyse?A.ChinesemakeuseoftheirfriendswhileNorthAmericansdonot.B.ChineseandNorthAmericansareoppositeintheideasofstartingafriendship.C.Peoplewhosay“Ihopewecanbefriends”dontreallymeanit.D.NorthAmericanscareabouttheirfriendswhileChinesedonot.,Readingcomprehension,.,4.AccordingtoDr.Wyse,oneshould_.A.makeuseofhisfriendB.careabouthisfriendsC.havemanylife-longfriendsD.makefriendswiththosewhohavethesamebackground5.ChineseinventedtheInternetlongbeforeBillGateswasbornbecause_.A.Chinesehavebeenconnectedwitheachotherbyrelationshipsamongfriendssinceveryearlytimes.B.Chineseknewtheadvancedtechnologytoconnectpeopletogetherinancienttimes.C.Chinesehavehadtheskillstobridgeculturaldifferencessinceearlytimes.D.Chinesecankeeptheirfriendshipforverylongtime.,Keys:1.D2.C3.B4.B5.A,.,Questions,Afterreadingtheabovepassage,canyoulistseveraldifferencesbetweentheChineseandNorthAmericanconceptoffriendandfriendship?DoyouagreewithDr.WysesideasabouttheChineseconceptoffriendandfriendship?Stateyourreasons.Doyouoftenwritetoyourfriends?Ifyoudo,tellusthefunofwritingletters;ifyoudont,tellushowyouandyourfriendskeepcontact.,.,key,Back,.,Comprehensionquestions,Howcouldtheauthorknowthatthedriverwaslostinhisreading?Whydidthedriversoundasifhehadacold?Whydidthedriverdeclinetogoonwithhisletter?Doestheauthortravelalot?WhydidthedriverincludeEdashisfamily?Didthedriveroftenseehisfriend?Why?Whatwasthereasonfornotkeepingintouchwitholdfriendsaccordingtotheauthor?Whydidtheauthordeclinetoreadtheletter?Whatdidthefirstsentenceoftheletterremindtheauthorof?,.,Whydidtheauthorfeelsadabout“oldfriend”?Howdidthedriverandhisfriendgettoknowthelatestinformationabouteachotherinthelast20or30years?Whydidtheauthorwanttoreceivesuchaletterfromhisoldestfriend?Whowrotetheletter?WhydidTomnevermailtheletter?Whatwasthefirstthingtheauthorwantedtodoafterhearrivedatthehotel?Andwhy?,.,Keys,Theauthorhadtotaponthewindshieldtogetthedriversattention.(L2)Hewasverysadandwasprobablyweepingwhenreadingtheletter.(L4-5)Hehadreadtheletterseveraltimesandknownitwell.(L7-8)Yes,hewasontheroadveryoften.(L9-10)Edwashisoldestfriend.(L13)No.Hemovedawayfromtheoldneighborhood.(L25-26)Hedidntseemtofindthetimetokeepintouchwithhisfriends.(L37)Itwasapersonalletter.Hedidntwanttoinvadetheprivacyofotherpeople.(L40-41),.,Thefirstsentenceoftheletterremindedtheauthorofhimselfbecauseheoftenpostponedwritingletterstofriends.(L45-46)Peoplewerelosingtheiroldfriendsastimewentby.(L56-57)TheysentChristmascardswithnotestotelltheotherwhatwasgoingonabouttheirfamilies.(L65-68)Hewasmovedbytheletterandwantedtohavesuchagoodoldfriend.(L75-76)Tom,thedriver.(L79,L85)Edhaddiedbeforehecouldmailit.(L84-85)Hewasurgedtowritealettertohisfriendandmaileditbecauseitmightbetoolatetodoso.(L88-89),back,.,Languagepoints,1.belost/loseoneselfinsth:tobesoinvolvedinsomethingthatyoudonotnoticeanythingelse.e.g.Itseasytoloseyourselfinthemagicofthisfilm.Iwaslostinthebeautyofthescenery.c.f.feel/belost(inthecrowd):tonotfeelconfidentaboutwhattodoorhowtobehave,esp.amongpeopleyoudonotknow.e.g.Willyourchildfeellostatanursery?c.f.getlost(insth):tobeforgottenornotnoticedinacomplicatedprocessorbusytime.e.g.Itseasyforyourmainpointstogetlostinalongspeech,.,2.available:abletobeused,boughtorfound.e.g.Theuniversityistryingtomakemoreaccommodationavailableforstudents.anincreaseinthenumberofjobsavailabletowomenOtherusages:Drugslikecrackarefreely/readilyavailable.(veryeasytoobtainbyanyone)Everyavailableambulancewasrushedtothesceneoftheaccident.(everyonethatyoucanget)Thepresidentwasnotavailableforcomment.(notbeforenounnotbusy),.,3.settle:toputinacomfortableposition+back/into/downe.g.Melsettledbackinhischairandclosedhiseyes.Maryhadalreadysettledherselfinacornerwhereshecouldwatch.Otherusages:settleaquarrel/argument/dispute(toend)settleoutofcourt(tocometoanagreementtoavoidgoingtoacourtoflaw)settleabill/account/claim(topaymoneythatisowed)settleonesnerves/stomach(tostopbeingupset;tocalm),.,4.Hesoundedasifhehadacoldorsomething:Thesentenceimpliesthesadstateofmindthetaxidriverwasin.orsomething:usedwhenyouarenotsure,cannotrememberordonotwanttogiveanotherexampleofsomethingyouarementioning.e.g.Heressomemoney.Getyourselfasandwichorsomething.HernamewasJudith,orJudieorsomething.Similarexpression:(or)somethinglikethat:usedwhenyoucannotrememberordonotwanttosaysomethingexactly.e.g.Sheworksinsalesorpromotion,somethinglikethat.5.goahead:tocontinue;tobegin.e.g.Theirsolicitorisaskingifyouwanttogoaheadwiththedeal.Thenewspaperdecidedtogoaheadandpublishthestory.,.,6.know/learnsomethingbyheart:toknoworlearnsomethingsothatyoucanrememberallofit.e.g.Youhavetoknowallthemusicbyheart.Otherexpressions:Youlovetheboyheartandsoul,dontyou?(completely)Thenewbookgetstotheheartofthecontroversyovernuclearpower.(togettothemostimportantpartof)haveaheartofgold/stone(tobeverykind/cruel)Wetookheartwhenwesawthesign,knowingthatwewereclosetohome.(tofeelencouraged)AfterIleave,Joecansingintheshowertohisheartscontent.(todosomethingasmuchassomeonewants)Whatagreatmeal!Youcertainlyknowthewaytoamansheart.(humoroustoknowthewaytopleasesomeone),.,7.AtleasttheydowithmebecauseImontheroadsomuch.:AtleastlettersfromhomemeanalottomebecauseItravelalotinacarforlongdistances.,.,8.estimate:totrytojudgethevalue,size,speed,cost,etcofsomething,partlybycalculatingandpartlybyguessing.e.g.Themechanicestimatedthecostofrepairat$150.Itisestimatedthatbetween70and90percentofcarcrimesoccurinthedaytime.Itisdifficulttoestimatehowmanydeathsarecausedbypassivesmokingeachyear.c.f.assess:tocalculatethevalueorcostofsomething;tomakeajudgmentaboutapersonorsituationafterthinkingcarefullyaboutit.e.g.Theyassessedthevalueofthehouseatover$250,000.Itsdifficulttoassesstheeffectsofthenewlegislationjustjet.evaluate:tocarefullyconsidersomethingtoseehowusefulorvaluableitis.e.g.evaluatingthesuccessofthetrainingschemefigure:infml,esp.AmEtoformaparticularopinionafterthinkingaboutasituation.e.g.Ifiguredthathewasdrunkandshouldntbeallowedtodrive,.,9.Thisisntfamily.:Thisisntaletterfrommyfamily.Familymostlyreferstoagroupofpeoplewhoarerelatedtoeachother,esp.amother,father,andtheirchildren.e.g.Doyouknowthefamilynextdoor?Whilehomemostprobablyreferstothehouse,apartment,orplacewhereafamilylive.e.g.Afamilyofswallowshadmadetheirhomeundertheroof10.might/may(just)aswell:usu.spokenusedtosuggestdoingsomethingthatyoudonotreallywanttodo,becauseyouhavenobetterideas.e.g.Itsnogoodwaitingforthebus.Wemightaswellwalk.,.,11.Imnotmuchahandatwriting.:Imnotgoodatwriting.beofahandat:begoodatnotmuchofa:notagoode.g.Somepeoplemaythinkthatdoinghouseworkforothersisnotmuchofacareer.12.keepup:tocontinuedoingsomething,ortomakesomethingcontinue.e.g.IdontthinkIcankeepupthisdifficulttaskanylonger.Keepupthegoodwork!Otherusages:Theshortageofsuppliesiskeepingthepriceup.(preventfromfalling)Imhavingtroublekeepingupwiththerestoftheclass.(tomanagetolearnasfastas)Wesangaswemarched,tokeepourspiritsup.(totrytostayhappy,strong,confident,etc.),.,13.correspondence:lettersexchangedbetweenpeople,esp.officialorbusinessletters;theprocessofsendingandreceivingletters.U+withe.g.Asecretarycameintwiceaweektodealwithhiscorrespondence.Allcorrespondencebetweenusmustcease.Otherusage:TherewasnocorrespondencebetweenthehistoricalfactsandJohnsonsaccountofthem.(relationshiporconnection)14.Itakeit(that):usedtosaythatyouexpectsomeonewilldosomething,knowsomething,etc.e.g.ItakeityouveheardthatRicksresigned,.,15.practically:esp.spokenalmost.e.g.Thehallwaspracticallyempty.PracticallyallmyfriendsarefromChina.16.Wenttoschooltogether?:Thesubjectisomitted.Thecompletesentenceislikethis:Youwenttoschooltogether?IncolloquialEnglishadeclarativesentencewitharisingtonemayservesasaquestion.,.,17.neighborhood:asmallareaofatown,orthepeoplewholivethere.e.g.Youaregoingtowakeupthewholeneighborhoodwiththatnoise.IgrewupinaquietneighborhoodofBoston.Otherusages:Arethereanyhotelsintheneighborhood?(intheareaaround)Imhopingtobuyoneforsomethingintheneighborhoodof$500.(eitheralittlemoreoralittlelessthanaparticularnumberoramount;approximately)18.kindof(esp.AmE)/sortof(esp.BrE):infml(a)slightlyorinsomeways.e.g.ImkindofgladIdidntwin.(b)usedwhenyouareexplainingsomethingandwanttoavoidgivingthedetails.e.g.Ikindofmadeitlooklikethepostofficehadlosthisletter.,.,19.losetouch(with):tonotspeakto,writeto,orseesomeoneforalongtime,sothatyoudonotknowhowtheyare.e.g.Ivelosttouchwithallmyoldschoolfriends.Whenyourelivingabroaditssoeasytolosetouchwithwhatshappeninghome.20.acoupleof:asmallnumberofthings.e.g.IdontknowwhyIfeelsobad,Ionlyhadacoupleofdrinks.,.,21.ButIrealizedthatoldEdwasstillonhismindwhenhespokeagain,almostmoretohimselfthantome.:ButIrealizedthatthetaxidriverwasstillthinkingofoldEdwhenhespokeagain.Itseemedthathespokemoretohimselfthantome.ononesmind:ifsomeoneisonyourmind,youkeepthinkingaboutitandworryingaboutit.e.g.Youlookworried,Sarah.Istheresomethingonyourmind?WillJimlosinghisjobandhermotherbeingsick,Michellehashadalotonhermindlately.,.,22.keep/stayintouch(withsb./sth.):tospeakorwritetosomeonewhenyoucannolongerseethemasoftenasyouusedto;tohavethelatestinformation,knowledge,andunderstandingaboutasubject.e.g.OurneighborsaremovingawaybutIhopethatwellstillkeepintouchwitheachother.Throughthemediaweareabletokeepintouchwitheventsontheothersideoftheworldastheyhappens,.,eup:toappear;tohappen.e.g.Alotofnewquestionscameupatthemeeting.Avacancyhascomeupintheaccountsdepartment.Dontyouhaveabirthdaycomingupsoon?SorryIcantgowithyou-somethinghassuddenlycomeup.Otherusages:WhydontyoucomeuptoNewYorkfortheweekend?(totravelnorthortowardsanimportantplacesuchasabigcity)Comeuptothefrontoftheroomsoeveryonecanseeyou.(tomovenearsomeoneorsomething)ThesunwascomingupbythetimeIfinishedtheessay.(torise)Look,thedaffodilsarecomingup.(tobegintobeseenabovetheground)Shehadcomeupintheworldsinceherdaysontheflowerstall.(tobecomericherormoresuccessfulinsociety),.,24.shrug:toraiseandthenloweryourshouldersinordertoshowthatyoudonotknowsomethingordonotcareaboutsomething.e.g.Wecantjustshrugtheseobjectionsoff.25.urge:tostronglyadvisesomeonetodosomething;tostronglysuggestthatsomethingshouldbedone.e.g.Brownurgedhertoreconsiderherdecision.TheUNhasurgedrestraintinthecurrentcrisis.Iurgethatyoureadthisreportcarefully.Thiscourseofactionwasurgedon/uponusbyallparties.Otherusages:Danielurgedthehorsesforwardwithawhip.(tomakemove)Urgedonbythecrowd,theItalianteamscoredtwomoregoals.(toencourage),.,26.meantodosth.:esp.spoken,tointendtodosomethingorintendthatsomeoneelseshoulddosomething.e.g.Ivebeenmeaningtophoneyouallweek.Ididntmeantointerruptyourmeal.Ohno!Inevermeanthertoreadthesecomments.27.sometime:aperiodoftime.e.g.Thecheeringwentonforquitesometime.Ihadntseenmyfamilyforsometime.c.f.sometime:atsometime;atatimeinthefutureorinthepast.e.g.WelltakeavacationsometimeinSeptember.Ourhousewasbuiltsometimearound1900.,.,28.postpone:tochangeanevent,actionetctoalatertimeordate.e.g.Werepostponingourholidayuntilwehavesomemoremoney.GailandJimhavedecidedtopostponehavingafamilyforawhile.29.Halloween:Halloweenisonthenightof31October,whenpeopleoncebelievedthatghostscouldbeseen.Now,itisatimewhenchildrenhavepartied,dressupaswitches,makelanternsoutofpumpkins,andplay“trickortreat”.TrickortreatisatraditionalactivityatHalloween.Childrendressincostumesandvisithouses.Ateachhousetheysay“Trickortreat”.Thismeansthattheywillplaya“trick”,orjoke,onthepeopleinthehouseunlesstheyaregivena“treat”,e.g.sweetsormoney.Mostpeopleprefertogivetreatsratherthanhavingtricksplayedonthem.,.,30.havereferenceto:tomention.reference:(a)somethingyousayorwritethatmentionsanotherpersonorthing.e.g.Winstonmadenoreferencetowhathadhappened.(b)theactoflookingatsomethingforinformation.e.g.Usethisdictionaryforeasyreference.Keeptheirpricelostonfileforfuturereference.Otherusages:Withreferencetoyourrecentadvertisement,Iamwritingtorequirefurtherdetails.(fmlusedtosaywhatyouarewritingortalkingabout)Wewillneedreferencesfromyourformeremployers.(apersonwhoprovidesinformationaboutyourcharacterandabilities)alistofreferencesattheendofthearticle(sourcesofinformation),.,31.“Likeitsaysthere,”“aboutallwehadtospendinthosedayswastime.”:“Asthelettersaysthere,”“thoughwedidnthavemuchmoneywehadalotoffreetime.”32.absolutely:esp.spokencompletelyandineveryway.e.g.Hesanabsolutelybrilliantsinger.Youlookabsolutelyfantasticinthatdress.Hehasabsolutelynoexperienceofmarketing33.reunion:asocialmeetingofpeoplewhohavenotmetforalongtime,esp.peoplewhowereatschoolorcollegetogether.e.g.ourcollegereunion,.,34.therearefewerandfewerstillaround.:fewerandfewerofusareleftalive.35.goby:topass.e.g.Twoyearswentby.Neverletagoodopportunitygoby.36.hangout:infmltospendalotoftimeinaparticularplaceorwithparticularpeople.e.g.Shehangsoutwithaprettywildcrowd.Thatsthecornerwherealltheboyshangout.Otherusage:Ivehungoutthewashing.(tohangclothesoutsideinordertodrythem),.,37.(every)nowandthen/nowandagain:sometimes.e.g.Itrytobuymyselfsomethingneweverynowandthen.38.Butforthelast20or30yearsitsbeenmostlyjustChristmascards:ButgenerallyspeakingwehavesentonlyChristmascardstokeepintouchwitheachotherforthelast20or30years.mostly:inmostcasesormostofthetime.e.g.Imostlyworkedasaresearcher,writer,orteacher.Moreimmigrantsrushedintothiscountry,mostlyEuropeans.,.,39.Yourfriendshipoveryearshasmeantanawfullottome,morethanIcansaybecauseImnotgoodatsayingthingslikethat.:Yourfriendshipovertheyearshasbeenveryimportanttome,moreimportantthanIcansaybecauseImnotgoodatexpressingmyfeelings.awful:onlybeforenounspokenusedtoemphasizehowmuchorhowgood,badetcsomethingis.e.g.Ihaveanawfullotofworktodothisweek.Itmadehimlookanawfulfool.,.,40.chokeup/bechokedup:tobeveryupsetaboutsomething.e.g.SheandMarkbrokeuplastweek,andshesprettychokedupaboutit.41.destination:theplacethatsomeoneorsomethingisgoingto.e.g.holidaydestinationsometeammembersgotlostandfailedtoreachtheirdestination,.,42.skip:passfrom(onepoint,etc)toanother,disregardingorfailingtoactonwhatcomesbetween.e.g.Childrenwhoskipbreakfastoftendontconcentratedaswellasothers.Letsskipthelastitemontheagenda.Isuggestweskipoverthedetailsandgettothemainpoint.Itwasabadlyorganizedtalk-hejustkeptskippingaroundfromoneideatoanother.43.rightaway/now/after:immediatelyandwithoutanydelay.e.g.Illfindtheaddressforyourightaway.Itsonrightafterthe6:30news.,back,.,Post-questions,Intheconversationbetweenthedriverandhimself,theauthoremploysaninformallanguagestyle.TrytofindoutseveralexamplesanddescribedthefeaturesofspokenEnglish.Whatsthecentralideaofthistext?Whatsyourunderstandingoffriendandfriendship?Doyouhavemanyfriends?Doesyourfriendshipwiththemusuallylastlong?,.,Keys,1.ThefeaturesofspokenEnglish:(1)Sentencestendtobeshortandsimple.(2)Incompletesentences(3)SomewordsorphrasesdonotusuallyappearinwrittenEnglish.(4)Languagefillers.2.Neverdelayexpressingyourfeelingstoafriend.,back,.,TextStructure,Authoranddrivertalkingabouttheletter(Para1-20),LETTER,Authorreadingtheletter(Para21-35),Authortowritealetter(Para35),back,.,Translation,1.虽然搬出旧街区已经几年了，我仍然常常想起那里的朋友，并同他们保持着联系。2.一听说销售部有一个职位空缺，我就写信通知他。3.公司招收了几名营销人员，以跟上业务发展的需要。4.这家报纸对这一事件进行了详尽的报道，但并未指明消息的来源。5.有人要求他在晚会上推迟出场，这使她多少有些生气。,.,Keys:1.Ihavekeptintouchwithmyfriendsintheoldneighborhood,whoarealwaysonmymind,sinceIleftthereseveralyearsago.2.Onknowingthatavacancycameupinthesalesdepartment,Iinformedhimrightawaythroughcorrespondence.3.Thecompanyrecruitedacoupleofmarketingpersonneltokeepupwiththedemandofitsexpandingbusiness.4.Thenewspapergaveadetailedaccou